Pali malingaliro olakwika pamsika kuti ntchito zothandizira ndi za ophunzira osadziwa. Amati iyi ndi sitepe yoyamba, ndipo ntchito yanu yamtsogolo idzakula "kutengera ...". M'zochita, katswiri wothandizira wabwino, monga, mwachitsanzo, woyesa wabwino, ndi kuitana. Onse ntchito ndi kukula kwa malipiro ndizotheka pano.
Kusanthula kwa msika kuchokera kwa opanga Okdesk.
Timalankhulana tsiku ndi tsiku ndi anthu ambiri omwe amapereka chithandizo chamakasitomala komanso chithandizo chamakasitomala, ndipo tidakhala ndi chidwi chofuna kumvetsetsa momwe msika waku Russia wantchito ulili mderali. Kodi chithandizo cha "makasitomala" ndi "ukadaulo" ndi chiyani? Kodi pali kusiyana kotani? Kodi βmalevelβ a ukatswiri ndi otani? Kodi ndizotheka kupeza ndalama kuchokera pa izi komanso zingati? Mayankho ochokera ku phunziro loyamba lotere ali pansipa. Ngati wina ali waulesi kwambiri kuti awerenge, ndiye kuti ziwerengero zofunika kwambiri ndi ziganizo zili kumapeto kwenikweni kwa bukhuli.
Zolemba zochepa zofunika musanawerenge
- Malipoti otseguka a "ogwira ntchito" mu gawoli sanasinthidwe kwanthawi yayitali - SuperJob ili ndi zidziwitso zaposachedwa kwambiri za 2013 (zisanachitike - za 2011), kotero tidalira magwero awiri: lipoti "lovomerezeka" lomwe latchulidwa. ndi zofufuza zathu mu nkhokwe ya Yandex. Ntchito yomwe imasonkhanitsa deta kuchokera kumadoko osiyanasiyana a ogwira ntchito (kuyambira July-August 2).
- Zomwe anapatsidwa ziwerengero (gawo la ntchito, malingana ndi zochitika, ndi zina zotero) zinachitidwa kutengera chiwerengero cha makampani, osati malonda. Tikukhulupirira kuti izi sizinakhudze kulondola, popeza kuchuluka kwa zotsatsa kulibe tanthauzo lililonse: makampani ena amaika zotsatsa zingapo kuti alembe ntchito imodzi, ena amatumiza kutsatsa kumodzi kuti alembe ntchito dipatimenti yonse. Ndiye kuti, sitinatchule cholakwika china chilichonse.
- Pazonse, ntchito zamakampani a 1025 ku Russia konse zidaganiziridwa, zomwe 930, zitasindikizidwa, zidayika malingaliro awo kukhala a gawo la IT. Malipiro pazotsatsa adawonetsedwa kwamakampani 436 okha (394 ochokera ku IT), koma sizidziwika nthawi zonse kuchokera pazotsatsa ngati chiwerengerocho chidasindikizidwa misonkho isanachitike kapena itatha (yoyera kapena imvi). Potchula ziwerengero m'nkhaniyi, tinkaganiza kuti izi ndi ndalama zomwe wogwira ntchito amalandira payekha. Komabe, tikhalanso mwatsatanetsatane zamalipiro "amitundu yambiri" kumapeto kwa positi iyi.
Ngati kuyankha kwa anthu ammudzi kuli kwabwino, tidzayesa kuchita ndemanga zotere nthawi zonse, ndipo tidzagwiritsa ntchito ndemanga zanu ngati gwero lazoyambira.
Gulu lothandizira
Musanalankhule za ndalama, m'pofunika kulongosola bwino pa nkhani ya terminology.
Chithandizo chikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri:
- "Technical". Ndiko kuti, kumodzi komwe kumayang'ana kwambiri kuthetsa mavuto aukadaulo (nthawi zambiri ndi zomangamanga, mapulogalamu othandizira kapena zida zina).
- "Kasitomala" (Kuthandizira Makasitomala kapena Thandizo la Makasitomala). Chimodzi chomwe cholinga chachikulu ndikukwaniritsa zosowa za makasitomala. Thandizo lamtunduwu ndilodziwika makamaka mu b2c. Ndipo gawo ili la chithandizo ndi cholinga chomanga ubale wautali ndi ogwiritsa ntchito opanda umunthu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'mabanki, malo ogulitsira pa intaneti, ndi zina.
Mosiyana ndi izi, tikhoza kusiyanitsa pakati pa chithandizo chamkati ndi chakunja, ngakhale kuti dziko lathu ndizovuta kusiyanitsa "thandizo lamkati" monga china chilichonse osati "ukadaulo".
Tidalemba zambiri zamagulu othandizira ndi makina odzipangira okha omwe amapangidwira makalasi aliwonsewa ΠΈ .
Ndikofunikiranso kuti mabungwe olembera anthu ntchito omwe amafalitsa kuyambiranso, ntchito ndi zowerengera sizimalekanitsa madera a ntchito izi, kutcha chilichonse "chithandizo chaukadaulo" ndikugawira ofuna ntchito pokhapokha ndi udindo wawo. Pa kusanthula kwa Yandex.Works amapereka Tapeza makampani 48 okha omwe ntchito zawo zikufanana ndi mafunso oti "thandizo lamakasitomala" / "thandizo lamakasitomala". Komanso, malo ena (m'makampani 7) amatanthauza kugwira ntchito kwaukadaulo, makampani ena 9 adagwiritsa ntchito mawuwa kufunafuna wamkulu wa malo ochezera kapena dipatimenti yothandizira zaukadaulo yomweyo.
Mumsika wakumadzulo (zambiri pa izi mu positi yotsatira), mutha kuwona kugawika komveka kwa ntchito kukhala kasitomala ndiukadaulo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zofunikira kwa ofuna kusankhidwa ndizosiyana kwambiri. Pothandizira makasitomala, ndizofunikira kwambiri kukhala "katswiri wa zamaganizo" ndikutha kulankhulana bwino. Chidziwitso chapadera ndi chofunikira pa chithandizo chaukadaulo. Ndipo "techies" omwe amakonda ndikudziwa momwe angalankhulire ndi makasitomala nthawi zambiri amakhala olemera mu golide.
"Table of Rank" kuchokera kwa ogwira ntchito
Kuphatikiza pa kusiyana kodziwikiratu pakati pa maudindo (oyendetsa / katswiri / mainjiniya / woyang'anira), mabungwe olembera anthu ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito gulu kutengera maudindo omwe atchulidwa pamwambowo komanso zofunikira pa chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso chantchito. Nthawi zina kugawikana kwawo ndi magawo kumasokonezedwa ndi kugawanika kukhala mizere yothandizira mkati mwa kampani inayake. Koma kawirikawiri mfundozi sizingasakanizidwe. Mizere yothandizira mkati mwa kampani imakhudza machitidwe abizinesi, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala osiyana ndi kampani iliyonse, ndipo "milingo" ya ogwira ntchito ndi yokhudzana ndi ukatswiri komanso luso la akatswiri.
"Mzere woyamba wothandizira" kapena malo oyambira
Mosiyana ndi zomwe zili pamwambapa, chizindikiritso cha gawo loyamba la ntchito ndi mzere woyamba wa chithandizo chaukadaulo potengera njira zamabizinesi ndizovomerezeka. Mzere woyamba wa chithandizo umakhala ndi zofunikira zochepa pa chidziwitso chapadera; motero, zimafunikira anthu omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chochepa komanso luso. Komabe, malipiro ndi ochepa pano.
Pakati pa zofunika muyezo:
- kumvetsetsa kwa "hardware" (mwachitsanzo, hardware ya PC, zotumphukira ndi zipangizo zaofesi, ngati tikukamba za chithandizo cha IT);
- ulemu;
- kukana kupsinjika ndi mikhalidwe ina yomwe imatsimikizira kuthekera kolumikizana mokwanira ndi ogwiritsa ntchito.
Pamsinkhu uwu palibe chifukwa cha maphunziro apamwamba, ndipo chinenero chachilendo sichimafunikira konse (kupatulapo kawirikawiri).
Njira yoyamba yothandizira. Malipiro
Malipiro amasiyana malinga ndi mzinda womwe bwanayo amakhala. Ambiri a iwo ali mu Moscow, osachepera (pakati pa mizinda ikuluikulu) mu Volgograd.
Mu 2013, pa mlingo uwu akhoza kuwerengera ndalama za 11 mpaka 25 zikwi rubles. Pa nthawiyi pakati pa ntchito zokhala ndi malipiro otsatsa, zopereka zimasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku 15 mpaka 35 rubles.
Mwamwayi, pali ntchito pa msika ndi malire apamwamba chapamwamba malipiro, koma kawirikawiri pambuyo kuphunzira zomwe zili m'munsimu zimaonekeratu kuti iwo ali apamwamba - iwo amafuna zinachitikira ntchito m'madera okhudzana, luso sanali muyezo kapena maphunziro enieni. Iwo ndi ovuta kuwaganizira mu ziwerengero wamba.
Chenjezo linanso - pa "mulingo uwu" 45% yokha ya ntchito zili ndi chidziwitso cha malipiro. A Pazonse, 20% amapereka ntchito popanda chidziwitso pazantchito zonse zosindikizidwa zaukadaulo.
Level "Tinasambira, tikudziwa"
Tikayang'ana zolemba za ntchito zofalitsidwa, maudindo pa "mlingo wachiwiri", zaka 1-2 za ntchito zimafunika, koma akatswiri omwe alibe luso lothandizira luso angathenso kufunsira. Komabe, mu nkhani iyi, zochitika m'madera okhudzana, mwachitsanzo, mu malonda a zipangizo zilizonse, zimakhala zofunika.
Malinga ndi data ya SuperJob kuyambira zaka zinayi zapitazo, pamlingo uwu, akatswiri amatha kudalira ndalama za 15 mpaka 30 zikwi za ruble..
"Katswiri" thandizo laukadaulo
M'mawu a SuperJob, ofuna kulowa nawo amafika pamlingo uwu pakatha chaka chantchito komanso ndi chidziwitso "choyang'anira":
- kutha kupeza zolakwika;
- kumvetsetsa magwiridwe antchito a makompyuta ndi maukonde;
- Dziwani pakukhazikitsa ndikusintha zida ndi mapulogalamu.
Kufunika kwa maphunziro apamwamba kumawonekera nthawi zambiri pazotsatsa. Kudziwa Chingerezi - makamaka powerenga zolemba.
Ziwerengero zazaka zinayi zapitazo zikuwonetsa ndalama zoyambira ma ruble 16 mpaka 42. Deta yamakono kuchokera ku Yandex.Works - kuchokera ku 20 mpaka 100 rubles, malingana ndi mzinda ndi gawo la ntchito ya "admin".
Motero pali malo ochepa omwe amapeza ndalama zoposa ma ruble 60, Choncho, kusiyanasiyana kotereku sikuyenera kusocheretsa: 70-100 zikwi za ruble mu gawo ili amalandiridwa ndi "nyenyezi".
Pa chiwerengero chonse cha ntchito zothandizira, 57% amayembekezera zaka 1-2, 11% amayembekezera zaka 3-5. ZOCHITIKA ZAMBIRI zimafunikira pazochitika zina zodabwitsa (panthawi yowunikira, malo atatu okha omwe amayembekezeredwa kukhala ndi zaka zopitilira 3).
Kuchokera kumwamba kupita kudziko lapansi kapena mkhalidwe weniweni wa zinthu
Olemba ntchito ambiri akuluakulu - makampani omwe angapereke malipiro abwino kapena ziyembekezo zabwino - samawonetsa malipiro pazotsatsa, amakonda kutchula mtengo womaliza pambuyo polankhulana payekha ndi wosankhidwayo.
Malinga ndi My Circle, pafupifupi malo asanu aliwonse mu gawo la IT alibe malipiro - ndipo iyi ndi 20% yamsika.! Mwa njira, ngati simukudalira manambala a HR kuchokera ku zofalitsa, koma Yandex.Work yotsegula, ndiye kuchokera ku makampani oposa 1000 omwe amapereka ntchito zothandizira luso ku Russia, Pasanathe theka la ntchito ndi deta malipiro amafalitsidwa (mu kuyesa kwathu - pang'ono kuposa 400).
Mwa njira, ziwerengero zamabungwe olembera anthu ntchito zimaphatikizapo mabizinesi omwe akukulitsa chithandizo chaukadaulo (kulembera antchito atsopano) kapena magawo amakampani omwe amadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa ogwira ntchito. Chifukwa chake ndalama zotsika kwambiri pamsika wonse - ziwerengero zambiri zimakhudzana ndi kutsika kwamitengo (malipiro a akatswiri oyambira akuphatikizidwa m'malipoti olemera kwambiri).
Zowonjezera zabwino
Ndalama zomwe wogwira ntchito amapeza sizimawonetsedwa ndi ndalama zokha. Kusowa kwa malipiro nthawi zina kumalipidwa ndi zosankha zosiyanasiyana zolipiridwa - inshuwaransi yodzifunira, nkhomaliro, zoyendera zamakampani kuchokera ku metro, makalabu olimbitsa thupi, maphunziro achingerezi ndi maphunziro ena.
Makampani angapo amakonda "kudzikulitsa" chithandizo chaukadaulo pawokha. Pankhaniyi, mfundo zolembera anthu ntchito zotseguka ndizosiyana poyamba. M'mene amakonzekera kuphunzitsa ofuna kulowa m'kalasi, m'pamenenso amachepetsera zofunikira za chidziwitso ndi chidziwitso pa nthawi yovomerezeka, ndi kutsika kwa malipiro omwe analonjezedwa poyamba. Pamsika wogwira ntchito m'mizinda yayikulu nthawi zonse mutha kupeza zopatsa zingapo zama internship osalipidwa kwathunthu. Malipiro operekedwa kwa munthu wophunzitsidwa bwino (ngati zinthu zitachitika bwino) zidzangoperekedwa mukamaliza maphunzirowo.
Malipiro amitundumitundu
Chinthu china ndi zachuma. Malipiro akuda ndi imvi alipo, ndipo kutchuka kwawo (malinga ndi mabungwe omwe amalembera anthu ntchito) kukukulirakulirabe ngakhale kuti boma likuyesetsa βkuyeretsaβ bizinesi. Sizingatheke kufotokozera kugawa bwino kwa malipiro poganizira izi.
Thandizo laukadaulo lakutali ndi mgwirizano
Pali antchito ambiri "akutali". Mwa njira, ku USA, pafupifupi, akatswiri othandizira ukadaulo otere amapeza ndalama zambiri kuposa omwe amagwira ntchito muofesi. Kwenikweni tilibe ziwerengero zakutali zantchito. Timangodziwa kuti pali 3-4 nthawi zambiri mayankho ku ntchito zakutali, i.e. pali kufunika kwakukulu kwa ntchito yoteroyo. Nthawi yomweyo, m'magulu amakampani a IT, malinga ndi "My Circle", munthu aliyense wachitatu amagwira ntchito kutali.
Mumsika wa ogwira ntchito ku Russia amakondabe kupulumutsa pa kukopa akatswiri opapatiza polemba ntchito "ogwiritsa ntchito makina ambiri". Mwachitsanzo, chithandizo chamakasitomala nthawi zina chimaphatikizidwa ndi malonda. Zotsatira zake, zotsatsa zimawonekera pakulemba ganyu kwa ogulitsa omwe ali ndi luso la kasamalidwe / chithandizo, pomwenso, oyang'anira omwe ali ndi kuthekera kogulitsa ndi kuthandizira. Sizingatheke kuganizira za malipiro a ogwira ntchito ngati awa mu ziwerengero zonse.
Kumbali ina, akatswiri ambiri oyenerera, monga tinalembera, amagwira ntchito zingapo nthawi imodzi, ndipo uwu ndi mwayi wina wowonjezera kwambiri ndalama zawo.
Chotsatira cha kusanthula ndi chithunzi chonse
Ngakhale kuti ziwerengero zenizeni zikusintha nthawi zonse, zomwe zimachitika polemba ntchito akatswiri aukadaulo zidakalipo.
Nthawi zambiri, ntchito ya akatswiri otere imayamba m'madipatimenti omwe ali ndi kufotokozera mozama kwambiri za maudindo - pomwe mutha kuwunikira mzere woyamba ndi ntchito zosavuta (ndipo, molingana ndi zofunikira zochepa pakudziwa kwa wophunzirayo). Awa akhoza kukhala malo oimbira foni a opereka intaneti kapena zina zofananira. Apa iwo amayang'ana kwambiri osati chidziwitso, koma luso ndi luso la "padziko lonse":
- stress resistance,
- kuwerenga,
- ulemu,
- chilango,
- kulankhula koyera.
Ngakhale magawo awa sanatchulidwe muzotsatsa, mwanjira ina, olemba anzawo ntchito ambiri amawayesa panthawi yoyeserera.
Ndi chitukuko cha luso lofuna, mosasamala kanthu za mlingo wa katswiri, malipiro amawonjezeka. Nthawi zambiri, kuwonjezeka kwa malipiro kumakhudzidwa ndi:
- maphunziro apamwamba luso (kapena maphunziro apadera, ngati tikukamba za mafakitale monga mpweya woziziritsira);
- chinenero chachilendo - nthawi zambiri Chingerezi, koma palinso zopempha zosavomerezeka;
- chidziwitso cha malamulo m'dera linalake kapena zofunikira zowerengera ndalama (nthawi zambiri udindo wothandizira umaphatikizapo uphungu pa nkhani zachuma, makamaka, kusankha njira zolipirira ntchito kapena zobwezera).
Luso laukadaulo komanso kuthekera kothana ndi zovuta zazikulu zitha kukulitsa malipiro anu. (kusintha kupita ku malo a injiniya wothandizira m'dera limodzi lopapatiza). Ndipo malipiro otsatirawa "kudumpha" kumachitika pamene katswiri akutenga gawo la ntchito yoyang'anira - amasintha kukhala mutu wa gulu kapena gulu.
M'malo momaliza kapena manambala ofunikira
Makampani onse omwe ali ndi mwayi wothandizira ku Russia kwa Julayi-Ogasiti 2017: 1025.
Kuphatikizapo malipiro: 436 (42,5%).
Makampani omwe ali ndi mwayi wothandizira mu makampani a IT: 930 (91% ya chiwerengero cha makampani omwe ali ndi ntchito zothandizira).
Mwa izi, kuwonetsa malipiro: 394 (42% ya chiwerengero cha makampani omwe ali ndi ntchito zothandizira gawo la IT).
Pansipa tikungonena za ntchito za IT zokha:
- Popanda chidziwitso: 187 (20% ya chiwerengero cha makampani omwe ali ndi ntchito zothandizira gawo la IT), omwe 85 (45%) ali ndi malipiro; maudindo - katswiri, injiniya, woyendetsa.
- Zochitika 1 - 2 zaka: 532 (57%), ndi malipiro - 230 (43%); maudindo - katswiri, injiniya, woyendetsa.
- Zochitika 3 - 5 zaka: 101 (11%), ndi malipiro - 33 (32%); maudindo - woyang'anira, injiniya, katswiri.
- 6 kapena zaka zambiri - malo atatu okha (ndi malipiro - 3 okha); maudindo - injiniya ndi woyang'anira.
Makampani omwe ali ndi mwayi wothandizira makasitomala / chithandizo chamakasitomala - 48. Mwa awa, 9 ndi maudindo oyang'anira m'malo oyimbira foni ndi chithandizo chaukadaulo; 3 ikugwirizana momveka bwino ndi malonda, ndipo 7 ndi chithandizo chaukadaulo (monga momwe zimawonekera powerenga mwachangu mawu otsatsa).
M'buku lotsatira tidzawona momwe zinthu zikuyendera kunja: ndi ndalama zotani zomwe zilipo komanso ngati pali kusiyana pakati pa chithandizo chaumisiri ndi chithandizo cha makasitomala.
Source: www.habr.com