Ngakhale zikuwoneka kuti tatsala ndi miyezi yochepa kuti tifikire 2020, miyeziyi ndiyofunikanso pakupanga mapulogalamu. Pano munkhaniyi, tiwona momwe chaka chomwe chikubwera cha 2020 chidzasinthire miyoyo ya opanga mapulogalamu!
Kukula kwa Mapulogalamu Amtsogolo Kwabwera!
Kupanga mapulogalamu achikhalidwe kumakhudza kupanga mapulogalamu polemba ma code ndikutsatira malamulo okhazikika. Koma chitukuko chamakono cha mapulogalamu chawona kusintha kwa paradigm ndi kupita patsogolo kwa Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, ndi Deep Learning. Ndi kuphatikiza kwa matekinoloje atatuwa, opanga adzatha kupanga njira zothetsera mapulogalamu omwe amaphunzira malangizo ndi kuwonjezera zina zowonjezera ndi machitidwe mu deta zomwe zimafunikira pa zotsatira zomwe mukufuna.
Tiyeni Tiyese Ndi Ma Code Ena
M'kupita kwa nthawi, machitidwe opangira mapulogalamu a neural network akhala ovuta kwambiri ponena za kuphatikizika komanso zigawo za ntchito ndi mawonekedwe. Madivelopa amatha kupanga neural network yosavuta kwambiri ndi Python 3.6. Nachi chitsanzo cha pulogalamu yomwe imapanga magulu a binary ndi 1 kapena 0.
Zachidziwikire, titha kuyamba ndikupanga gulu la neural network:
tumizani numpy ngati np
X=np.array([[0,1,1,0],[0,1,1,1],[1,0,0,1]])
y=np.array([[0],[1],[1]])
Kugwiritsa ntchito Sigmoid:
def sigmoid ():
return 1/(1 + np.exp(-x))
def derivatives_sigmoid ():
return x * (1-x)Kuphunzitsa Chitsanzo ndi Zolemera Zoyamba ndi Zosankha:
epoch=10000
lr=0.1
inputlayer_neurons = X.shape[1]
hiddenlayer_neurons = 3
output_neurons = 1
wh=np.random.uniform(size=(inputlayer_neurons,hiddenlayer_neurons))
bh=np.random.uniform(size=(1,hiddenlayer_neurons))
wout=np.random.uniform(size=(hiddenlayer_neurons,output_neurons))
bout=np.random.uniform(size=(1,output_neurons))Kwa oyamba kumene, ngati mukufuna thandizo lokhudza ma neural network, mutha kulumikizana nawo .Kapena, mutha kulemba ganyu opanga AI/ML kuti agwire ntchito yanu.
Kusintha Code Ndi Gulu Lotulutsa Neuron
hidden_layer_input1=np.dot(X,wh)
hidden_layer_input=hidden_layer_input1 + bh
hiddenlayer_activations = sigmoid(hidden_layer_input)
output_layer_input1=np.dot(hiddenlayer_activations,wout)
output_layer_input= output_layer_input1+ bout
output = sigmoid(output_layer_input)
Kuwerengera Zolakwika pa Gulu Lobisika la Ma Code
E = y-output
slope_output_layer = derivatives_sigmoid(output)
slope_hidden_layer = derivatives_sigmoid(hiddenlayer_activations)
d_output = E * slope_output_layer
Error_at_hidden_layer = d_output.dot(wout.T)
d_hiddenlayer = Error_at_hidden_layer * slope_hidden_layer
wout += hiddenlayer_activations.T.dot(d_output) *lr
bout += np.sum(d_output, axis=0,keepdims=True) *lr
wh += X.T.dot(d_hiddenlayer) *lr
bh += np.sum(d_hiddenlayer, axis=0,keepdims=True) *lr
Zotsatira:
print (output)
[[0.03391414]
[0.97065091]
[0.9895072 ]]Ngakhale kuli kwanzeru nthawi zonse kudziwa zilankhulo zaposachedwa kwambiri komanso njira zolembera, opanga mapulogalamu ayeneranso kudziwa za zida zambiri zatsopano zomwe zimathandiza kuti mapulogalamu awo akhale ogwirizana ndi ogwiritsa ntchito atsopano.
Mu 2020, opanga mapulogalamu akuyenera kuganizira zophatikiza zida zisanu zopangira mapulogalamuwa muzinthu zawo posatengera kuti amagwiritsa ntchito chilankhulo chotani:
1. Natural Language Processing (NLP)
Ndi chatbot ikuthandizira makasitomala, NLP ikupeza chidwi cha opanga mapulogalamu omwe akugwira ntchito yopanga mapulogalamu amakono. Iwo amafunsira ngati Python's kuti aphatikize mwachangu NLP mu ma chatbots, othandizira digito, ndi zinthu za digito. Pofika pakati pa 2020 kapena posachedwa, mudzawona NLP ikukhala yofunika kwambiri pachilichonse kuyambira mabizinesi ogulitsa mpaka magalimoto oyenda okha, ndi zida kunyumba ndi ofesi.
Kupita patsogolo ndi zida zabwino kwambiri zopangira mapulogalamu ndi matekinoloje, mutha kuyembekezera opanga mapulogalamu kuti agwiritse ntchito NLP m'njira zingapo kuchokera ku mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito mawu mpaka kosavuta kuyenda pamindandanda, kusanthula kwamaganizidwe, kuzindikiritsa zochitika, kutengeka mtima, ndi kupezeka kwa data. Zonse zitha kupezeka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri ndipo mabizinesi atha kupindula mpaka $430 biliyoni pakupindula pofika 2020, malinga ndi data ya IDC yotchulidwa ndi Deloitte.
2. GraphQL Kusintha REST Apis
Malinga ndi omanga pakampani yanga yomwe ndi kampani yopanga mapulogalamu akunyanja, REST API ikutaya mphamvu zake pa chilengedwe chonse chogwiritsa ntchito chifukwa chakutsitsa kwapang'onopang'ono komwe kumayenera kuchitidwa kuchokera ku ma URL angapo payekhapayekha.
GraphQL ndiye njira yatsopano komanso njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira Rest-based architecture yomwe imakoka zonse zofunikira kuchokera kumasamba angapo ndi pempho limodzi. Imawongolera kuyanjana kwamakasitomala ndikuchepetsa kuchedwa komwe kumapangitsa kuti pulogalamuyi ikhale yomvera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito.
Mutha kukulitsa luso lanu lokulitsa mapulogalamu mukamagwiritsa ntchito GraphQL pakupanga mapulogalamu. Pamafunikanso kukodzedwa pang'ono kuposa REST Api ndipo imalola kupangitsa mafunso ovuta mkati mwa mizere yosavuta. Itha kuperekedwanso ndi angapo zopereka zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kwa opanga mapulogalamu kuti azigwiritse ntchito pazilankhulo zosiyanasiyana zamapulogalamu kuphatikiza Python, Node.js, C++, ndi Java.
Pakadali pano, GraphQL imathandizira gulu la omanga ndi:
- Kusaloleza kupitilira ndi kutsika kutengera zovuta
- Kutsimikizira ndi kuwunika mtundu wa ma code
- Zolemba za Auto Generating API
- Popereka mauthenga atsatanetsatane olakwika
- Onjezani ntchito yowonjezera patebulo: "zolembetsa" kuti mulandire mauthenga a nthawi yeniyeni kuchokera ku seva
3.Low/No Code
Zida zonse zopangira mapulogalamu otsika a code zimapereka zabwino zambiri. Iyenera kukhala yothandiza momwe mungathere polemba mapulogalamu ambiri kuyambira pachiyambi. Khodi yotsika kapena yopanda pake imapereka kachidindo kokonzedweratu komwe kungathe kuyikidwa mu mapulogalamu akuluakulu. Izi zimathandiza ngakhale osapanga mapulogalamu kupanga zinthu zovuta mwachangu komanso mosavuta ndikufulumizitsa chitukuko chamakono.
Malinga ndi lipoti lomwe adagawana ndi , zida za no/low-code zayamba kale kutumizidwa pa intaneti, machitidwe a mapulogalamu, mapulogalamu a mafoni ndi madera ena. Msika wa zida zotsika mtengo udzakula mpaka $ 15 biliyoni pofika 2020. Zida izi zikugwira ntchito zonse monga kuyang'anira ndondomeko ya kayendetsedwe ka ntchito, fyuluta ya data, kuitanitsa, ndi kutumiza kunja. Nawa mapulatifomu abwino kwambiri otsika / opanda ma code omwe mungatsatire mu 2020:
- Microsoft PowerApps
- Mendix
- Zakunja
- Zoho Mlengi
- Salesforce App Cloud
- Mwachangu
- Nsapato za Spring
4. Mafunde a 5G
Kulumikizana kwa 5G kudzakhudza kwambiri chitukuko cha mafoni / mapulogalamu, chitukuko cha intaneti. Kupatula apo, muukadaulo ngati IoT zonse zimalumikizidwa. Chifukwa chake, pulogalamu yamakina idzagwiritsa ntchito zida zopanda zingwe zothamanga kwambiri kuti zitheke ndi 5G.
Mu kuyankhulana posachedwapa ndi , Dan Dery, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wamalonda ku Motorola, adati "M'zaka zikubwerazi, 5G ipereka kugawana deta mwachangu, bandwidth yapamwamba, ndikufulumizitsa pulogalamu yamafoni kuwirikiza ka 10 kuposa ukadaulo womwe ulipo kale."
Mwa ichi, makampani opanga mapulogalamu akugwira ntchito kuti aphatikize 5G muzogwiritsa ntchito zamakono. Kutulutsa kwa 5G kukuyenda mwachangu, opitilira 20 alengeza kukweza maukonde awo. Chifukwa chake, opanga tsopano ayamba kugwira ntchito kuti atenge zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wa 5G. Tekinolojeyi idzasintha kwambiri zotsatirazi:
- Chitetezo cha pulogalamu ya netiweki, makamaka pakudula maukonde.
- Adzapereka njira zatsopano zogwiritsira ntchito zidziwitso za ogwiritsa ntchito.
- Iloleza kuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito ku mapulogalamu omwe ali ndi chiwopsezo chochepa cha latency.
- Zidzakhudza chitukuko cha AR / VR yothandizidwa.
5. "Kutsimikizira" Kwachangu
Kutsimikizira kukuchulukirachulukira kukhala njira yabwino yotetezera deta yodziwika bwino. Ukadaulo wotsogola sikuti umangokhala pachiwopsezo cha pulogalamu yobera, komanso umathandizira luntha lochita kupanga komanso ngakhale quantum computing. Koma msika wopanga mapulogalamu akuwona kale kuchuluka kwa mitundu yatsopano yotsimikizika, monga kusanthula kwamawu, ma biometric, ndi kuzindikira nkhope.
Pakadali pano, obera akupeza njira zosiyanasiyana zowonongera zidziwitso za ogwiritsa ntchito pa intaneti ndi mapasiwedi. Monga ogwiritsira ntchito mafoni akuzoloΕ΅era kale kupeza mafoni awo a m'manja ndi chala chachikulu kapena chala kapena ndi nkhope, choncho ndi zida zovomerezeka sizidzasowa mphamvu zatsopano kuti zitsimikizidwe, komanso mwayi wa kuba pa intaneti udzakhala wochepa. Nawa zida zina zotsimikizira zinthu zambiri ndi SSL encryption.
- Ma Soft Tokens amasintha mafoni anu kukhala otsimikizira zinthu zingapo zosavuta.
- Mawonekedwe a EGRid ndi njira yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso yodziwika bwino pamakampani.
- Ena mwa mapulogalamu abwino otsimikizira mabizinesi ndi awa: RSA SecurID Access, OAuth, Ping Identity, Authx, ndi Aerobase.
Pali makampani opanga mapulogalamu ku India ndi USA omwe akuchita kafukufuku wambiri mu sayansi yotsimikizika ndi ma biometrics ndikupita patsogolo kwa AI kuti apereke mapulogalamu abwino kwambiri a mawu, nkhope, khalidwe, ndi biometric. Tsopano, mutha kuteteza mayendedwe a digito ndikuwongolera luso lamapulatifomu.
Malemba omveka
Zikuwoneka kuti moyo wa opanga mapulogalamu mu 2020 udzakhala wovuta kwambiri chifukwa mayendedwe apulogalamu akuyenera kufulumira. Zida zomwe zilipo zidzakhala zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Pamapeto pake, kupita patsogolo kumeneku kupangitsa kuti pakhale dziko losangalatsa lomwe likupita ku nthawi ya digito.
Source: www.habr.com