Mutha kuwerenga nkhaniyi kuchokera kulikonse padziko lapansi. Ndipo, makamaka, tsamba ili lidzatsegulidwa mumasekondi angapo.

Apita kale pamene mapikiselo azithunzi ankakwezedwa mzere ndi mzere.

Tsopano ngakhale makanema apamwamba a HD amapezeka pafupifupi kulikonse. Kodi intaneti yakhala bwanji yofulumira chonchi? Chifukwa chakuti liwiro la kutengerapo chidziwitso wafika pafupifupi liwiro la kuwala.

Nkhaniyi idalembedwa mothandizidwa ndi EDISON Software.

Tikukula kachitidwe ka chidziwitso cha malo, komanso tili pachibwenzi kupanga mawebusayiti ndi mawebusayiti.

Timakonda Webusaiti Yadziko Lonse! 😉

Information superhighway

Chifukwa chozizwitsa chamakono a fiber optics, tili ndi ngongole kwa munthu uyu - Narinder Singh Kapani. Wasayansi wachichepereyo sanakhulupirire maprofesa ake kuti kuwala “nthawi zonse kumayenda molunjika kokha.” Kafukufuku wake pamayendedwe a kuwala adapangitsa kuti apange ma fiber optics (makamaka kuwala koyenda mkati mwa chubu chopyapyala chagalasi).

Njira yotsatira yogwiritsira ntchito ma fiber optics monga njira yolankhulirana inali kuchepetsa mlingo umene kuwala kumachepetsedwa pamene ukudutsa pa chingwe. M’zaka zonse za m’ma 1960 ndi m’ma 70, makampani osiyanasiyana anapita patsogolo pakupanga zinthu mwa kuchepetsa kusokoneza ndi kulola kuwala kuyenda mtunda wautali popanda kuchepetsa kwambiri mphamvu ya maulutsi.

Pofika mkatikati mwa zaka za m'ma 1980, kuyika kwa zingwe za fiber optic mtunda wautali potsiriza kunali kuyandikira siteji yogwiritsira ntchito.

Kuwoloka nyanja

Chingwe choyamba cha intercontinental fiber optic chinayikidwa panyanja ya Atlantic mu 1988. Chingwe ichi, chotchedwa TAT-8, idayikidwa ndi makampani atatu: AT&T, France Télécom ndi British Telecom. Chingwecho chinali chofanana ndi ma 40 a matelefoni, omwe ndi ochulukirapo kakhumi kuposa omwe adatsogolera, chingwe cha TAT-7.

TAT-8 sikuwoneka mu kanema pamwambapa chifukwa idapuma pantchito mu 2002.

Kuyambira pomwe mapindika onse a chingwe chatsopano adakonzedwa, zitseko zachidziwitso zidatsegulidwa. M’zaka za m’ma 90, zingwe zina zambiri zinkagona pansi pa nyanja. Pofika zaka chikwi, makontinenti onse (kupatula Antarctica) adalumikizidwa ndi zingwe za fiber optic. Intaneti inayamba kutenga mawonekedwe a thupi.

Monga mukuonera muvidiyoyi, koyambirira kwa zaka za m’ma 2000 kunakula kwambiri pakuyala zingwe zapansi pamadzi, kusonyeza kukula kwa intaneti padziko lonse lapansi. M’chaka cha 2001 chokha, zingwe zatsopano zisanu ndi zitatu zinalumikiza kumpoto kwa America ndi ku Ulaya.

Zingwe zatsopano zopitilira 2016 zidayikidwa pakati pa 2020 ndi 14, zomwe zidawononga pafupifupi $ XNUMX biliyoni. Tsopano ngakhale zilumba zakutali kwambiri za ku Polynesia zili ndi intaneti yothamanga kwambiri chifukwa cha zingwe zapansi pa nyanja.

Kusintha kwa kamangidwe ka chingwe chapadziko lonse lapansi

Ngakhale kuti pafupifupi mbali zonse za dziko lapansi tsopano ndi zolumikizidwa mwakuthupi, kuthamanga kwa kuyala chingwe sikucheperachepera.

Izi ndichifukwa chakuchulukira kwa zingwe zatsopano komanso chikhumbo chathu chokhala ndi makanema apamwamba kwambiri. Zingwe zatsopano ndizochita bwino kwambiri: kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zingatheke panjira zazikuluzikulu zimachokera ku zingwe zomwe sizikupitilira zaka zisanu.

M'mbuyomu, kukhazikitsa zingwe kunalipiridwa ndi mabungwe amakampani kapena maboma. Masiku ano, zimphona zazikulu zaukadaulo zikukulirakulira ndalama zawozawo ma netiweki apansi pamadzi.

Amazon, Microsoft ndi Google ali ndi pafupifupi 65% ya msika wosungira mitambo. N'zosadabwitsa kuti iwo akufunanso kulamulira njira zakuthupi zonyamulira chidziwitsochi.

Makampani atatuwa tsopano ali ndi zingwe za 63 mailosi apansi pamadzi. Ngakhale kuyika zingwe ndikokwera mtengo, kupezeka kwakhala kovuta kuti akwaniritse zomwe akufuna - gawo laopereka zomwe zapezeka lakwera kuchokera pafupifupi 605% kufika pafupifupi 8% mzaka khumi zapitazi zokha.

Tsogolo lowala lakale lomwe lazimiririka

Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zimakonzedwa (ndikuchitidwa) kuchotsa zingwe zosatha. Ndipo ngakhale kuti ma siginecha sakudutsanso pa netiweki ya “darked” optical fiber, amatha kukhala ndi cholinga chabwino. Zikuoneka kuti zingwe zoyankhulirana zapansi pa nyanja zimapanga maukonde amphamvu kwambiri a zivomezi, kuthandiza ofufuza kufufuza zivomezi za m’madzi ndi mmene zinachitikira pansi pa nyanja.

Mawonekedwe am'mbuyomu
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Source: www.habr.com