Ndithudi aliyense wa inu wabwera ndi malingaliro a zinthu zatsopano zosangalatsa zothandiza - mautumiki, mapulogalamu kapena zipangizo. Mwina ena a inu munapanga ndi kufalitsa kena kake, mwinanso kuyesa kupanga ndalama pa izo.
M'nkhaniyi, ndikuwonetsa njira zingapo zogwirira ntchito pa lingaliro la bizinesi - zomwe muyenera kuziganizira nthawi yomweyo, zizindikiro zotani kuti muwerengere, ndi ntchito yotani yokonzekera poyamba kuti muyese lingalirolo mu nthawi yochepa komanso ndi ndalama zochepa.
Chifukwa chiyani mukufunikira izi?
Tiyerekeze kuti mwabwera ndi chinthu chatsopano kapena ntchito (ndizitcha chinthu posatengera kuti ndi ntchito, chipangizo kapena pulogalamu). Chinthu choyamba, m'malingaliro anga, ndiyenera kuganizira - ndi chiyani chomwe chingakuthandizeni pa mankhwalawa, chifukwa chiyani muyenera kugwira ntchito pa mankhwalawa?
Mayankho otchuka kwambiri ku funso ili (dongosolo lilibe kanthu):
- Ndili ndi chidwi ndi lingaliro ili ndipo ndikufuna kulikulitsa, mosasamala kanthu kuti n'zotheka kupanga ndalama.
- Ndikufuna kuphunzira zida zatsopano ndi matekinoloje ndikugwiritsa ntchito ntchito yatsopano.
- Ndikufuna kupanga chinthu chodziwika bwino ndikupeza ndalama zambiri, zochulukirapo kuposa momwe mungapezere ngati wogwira ntchito.
- Ndikufuna kukonza njira zina, ntchito kapena moyo wa wina, ndikupanga dziko kukhala malo abwinoko.
- Ndikufuna kudzigwirira ntchito ndekha, pamalingaliro anga, osati "kwa amalume anga."
Ndi zina zotero. Pali mayankho ambiri osiyanasiyana. Zomwe ndatchulazi ndizofala kuposa ena. Panthawi imeneyi, ndikofunika kukhala woona mtima kwa inu nokha osati kudzinyenga nokha. Mwa mayankho a 5 omwe aperekedwa, kwenikweni, amodzi okha amatsogolera kupanga bizinesi - No. Kupanga bizinesi yanu kumakupatsani mwayi wopeza zambiri kuposa kugwira ntchito yolipidwa. Komabe, mudzayenera kulipira izi ndi ntchito zolimba, nthawi zina zosasangalatsa komanso zachizoloΕ΅ezi, kusapeza bwino komanso kuwonongeka kwa moyo poyamba. Tiyerekeze kuti mupanga bizinesi kuchokera pamalingaliro anu, kenako pitilizani.
Zofunikira poyambitsa bizinesi
Kuti bizinesi yanu ipambane, muyenera kufuna kupanga ndikupanga chinthu, kukhala ndi luso lofunikira pa izi kapena kukhala okonzeka kuzipeza (zonse kuti muphunzire nokha komanso kukopa anzanu ndikulemba ganyu antchito). Koma, mwina, chofunikira kwambiri ndichakuti muyenera kupeza msika wokwanira komanso wosungunulira pazogulitsa zanu, ndikupanga mtengo wazinthu zanu kuti bizinesiyo ipange phindu osati kutayika. Komanso mvetsetsani bwino momwe ndi chifukwa chake ogula angasankhe ndikugula malonda anu. Mabizinesi nthawi zambiri amafa osati chifukwa chokhala ndi zinthu zoyipa, koma chifukwa palibe amene amafunikira mankhwalawa pamtengo womwe ungathandize bizinesiyo kugwira ntchito popanda kutayika.
Tiyerekeze kuti mukufuna kugwira ntchito pa chinthu, muli ndi chidziwitso ndi luso lofunikira, muli ndi nthawi, ndipo ndinu okonzeka kuyika ndalama zina zomwe mumasunga mu polojekitiyi, zomwe ziyenera kukhala zokwanira kwa nthawi yoyamba. Muyenera kuchita chiyani kenako, dongosolo lanu ndi lotani?
Dongosolo lochita
Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri - lingaliro limasinthidwa kukhala chidziwitso chaukadaulo chochulukirapo kapena chocheperako ndipo gulu la polojekiti (lomwe lili ndi olemba lingaliro ndi omvera) limayamba kukhazikitsa ntchitoyo. Akamagwira ntchito, amaganizira mwatsatanetsatane ndipo pakatha miyezi ingapo mtundu wa alpha kapena beta umawonekera womwe ukhoza kuwonetsedwa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Sikuti aliyense amapulumuka mpaka pano, ndinganene ngakhale gawo laling'ono ndipo izi ndizabwinobwino. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000, aliyense anachita izi pakupanga mapulogalamu, ndipo inenso ndinatero. M'masiku amenewo, anthu ankapereka moni pulogalamu iliyonse yatsopano kapena ntchito zambiri zabwino ndipo malonda amatha kupangidwa nthawi yomweyo. Kwinakwake pambuyo pa 2007, chinachake chinalakwika (msika unali wodzaza) ndipo dongosololi linasiya kugwira ntchito. Kenako zidakhala zafashoni kupanga freemium - kasitomala akuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito kwaulere, ndiyeno timayesa kumugulitsa zina zowonjezera. Chogulitsacho chidzakhala ndi ogwiritsa ntchito, koma sizikudziwikanso kuti ndi ndalama zingati zomwe zingapezeke kuchokera pamenepo.
Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, buku la Eric Ries "Business from Scratch" linasindikizidwa ku United States. Njira Yoyambira Yoyambira. Kutsamira kumatanthauza βwosunga zinthu, wandalama.β Lingaliro lalikulu la bukuli ndikuti njira zoyendetsera ndi kukonza zomwe zimatengedwa m'mabizinesi akuluakulu komanso omwe adakhazikitsidwa nthawi yayitali sizoyenera mabizinesi atsopano. Bizinesi yatsopano ilibe deta yodalirika pamsika ndi malonda, zomwe sizimalola kupanga zisankho zoyenera. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupanga komanso mwachangu, ndi bajeti yaying'ono, kuyesa malingaliro ambiri okhudza zosowa za ogula ndi magwiridwe antchito.
Lean Startup ili kutali ndi njira yokhayo yopangira zinthu zatsopano.
Kubwerera mu 1969, Herbert Simon adasindikiza buku lakuti "Science of Artificial" lomwe limafotokoza lingaliro la otchedwa "malingaliro apangidwe" - njira yatsopano (panthawiyo) yopezera njira zatsopano zothetsera mavuto a kulenga ndi sayansi. Kuphatikiza lingaliro ili ndi njira ya Lean Startup ndi njira zina zingapo, gulu la thumba lazachuma la Russia ndi IIDF accelerator lidapanga lingaliro loyambira - "mapu okopa".
Mu ma accelerator a Southern IT Park (Rostov-on-Don), tidagwiritsa ntchito njira ya IIDF ya ma seti 7 accelerator (zaka 3,5), ndikuwongolera poganizira zomwe tapeza. Njira yaku Southern IT Park accelerator imasiyana m'mene zilili komanso zomwe zili m'magawo oyamba, oyambilira pantchito yamabizinesi. Kufunika kopanga njira zathu kumafotokozedwa ndi mfundo yakuti IIDF imagwira ntchito ndi mapulojekiti omwe ali ndi MVP kale ndi malonda oyambirira, popeza iyi ndi thumba la ndalama. Southern IT Park accelerator imagwira ntchito ndi ma projekiti a magawo onse ndipo ma projekiti ambiri amabwera kwa accelerator ndi lingaliro komanso chikhumbo chochikulitsa. Njira ya IIDF sinapangidwe bwino kuti iyambike poyambira ntchito.
Nditafotokoza mwachidule zomwe ndakumana nazo monga wochita bizinesi, komanso woyambira komanso mlangizi wamabizinesi, ndidapanga njira yangayanga, yomwe imasiyananso m'magawo oyamba ndi njira ya IIDF ndi Southern IT Park. Kenaka, ndilankhula za magawo oyambirira a ntchito yamalonda, malinga ndi njirazi.
Cholinga chachikulu cha njira zonsezi ndikuwululira malingaliro anu kwa ogula mwachangu momwe mungathere ndikutsimikizira kufunika kwake, kapena kukulitsa ndikusintha malingaliro anu pazosowa zamsika mwachangu momwe mungathere. Ngati nthawi yomweyo mutazindikira kuti palibe amene amafunikira mankhwala anu kapena kuti ali ndi mpikisano wotchipa kwambiri, ndiye kuti izi ndi zotsatira zabwino. Chifukwa mudzazindikira msanga momwe mungathere, osawononga miyezi ingapo ya moyo wanu pa lingaliro losatheka la bizinesi. Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti pakufufuza kwa msika kwa chinthu chimodzi, gulu loyambira limapeza zosowa zamakono pakati pa ogula ndikuyamba kupanga chinthu chosiyana kwambiri. Ngati mwapeza "zowawa za kasitomala", mutha kumupatsa yankho ndipo mukufuna kuchita izi - mutha kukhala ndi bizinesi yabwino.
Zingawoneke ngati ndikutsutsa kugwira ntchito zomwe sizipanga ndalama. Izi ndi zolakwika. Mutha kuchita nawo ntchito zilizonse, kuphatikiza zopanda phindu, ndipo sindikukuimbani mlandu. Ndikukuchenjezani za malingaliro olakwika oopsa. Musadzinyenge nokha ndi anzanu pouza aliyense za kupambana kwamtsogolo ngati simunachite kafukufuku woyambira ndi kuwerengera, zomwe zidzakambidwenso. Ngati simukudalira kupambana kwa malonda a polojekiti yanu ndikuchita chifukwa mukuikonda kapena mukufuna kupanga dziko kukhala malo abwino, ndi zabwino, ndiye perekani polojekiti yanu. Mwa njira, ndizotheka kuti pakapita nthawi mudzapeza njira yopangira bizinesi pa ntchito yotereyi.
Mapu a IIDF
Malinga ndi lingaliro ili, kupanga chinthu chatsopano ndikofunikira kudutsa magawo angapo. Uwu ndi mutu wamba wanjira zonse zomwe zikuganiziridwa - timachita chilichonse pang'onopang'ono, simungalumphe kupita patsogolo, koma muyenera kubwerera.
Chinthu choyamba chimene muyenera kuchita mutakhala ndi lingaliro la malonda anu ndikubwera ndi magulu angapo a makasitomala - magulu a ogula omwe angafunike mankhwala anu. Izi ndi zongopeka, mumabwera nazo kutengera zomwe mwakumana nazo pamoyo wanu. Ndiye inu fufuzani iwo. Osawopa kubwera ndi zongopeka zambiri kapena yesani kubwera ndi zongopeka zomwe zitha kukhala zoona. Mpaka mutayamba kuzifufuza, simudzatha kudziwa kuti ndi zolondola.
Magawo amakasitomala akuyenera kudziwika nthawi yomweyo - yesani kuchuluka kwawo m'dera lanu, dziko, dziko lapansi, wonetsani zosiyana za gawoli (momwe ogula m'gawoli amasiyanirana ndi ogula ena). Ndibwino kuti nthawi yomweyo mutenge solvency ya magawo. Simuyenera kuda nkhawa kwambiri za kulondola kwa gawo lowunika apa ndikofunikira kutsatira nzeru ndikumvetsetsa kuti, mwachitsanzo, pali oyendetsa magalimoto onyamula anthu ambiri ku Russia kuposa oyendetsa magalimoto olemera 100. Ngati mukulakwitsa; , chiwerengerocho chidzakhala chosiyana - 50 kapena 200 - ndiye panthawiyi sikofunikira. Ndikofunikira kuti izi zikhale pafupifupi madongosolo a 2 a kukula.
Pambuyo pazigawo zamakasitomala zafotokozedwa ndikuwunikiridwa, muyenera kusankha gawo limodzi ndikupita ku gawo lotsatira la mapu a njanji - uku ndiko kupanga ndi kuyesa malingaliro okhudzana ndi zovuta za gawo la kasitomala. M'mbuyomu, mudaganiza kuti malonda anu amafunikira ndi gulu la ogula, ndipo tsopano muyenera kubwera ndi malingaliro - chifukwa chiyani anthuwa amafunikira mankhwala anu, ndi mavuto ndi ntchito ziti zomwe adzathetse mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala anu, kufunikira kwake komanso kofunika. ndi kuti athetse mavutowa.
Kuti mubwere ndi kuyesa malingaliro a magawo a makasitomala, komanso kubwera ndi malingaliro azovuta za ogula, mumafunikira maola angapo oganiza. Pakali pano, chikhulupiriro chanu mu malonda anu chikhoza kuwonongedwa, ndipo mupitirizabe kukhala ndi moyo, kukwirira lingaliro lanu popanda chisoni.
Malingaliro okhudza zovuta za ogula akapangidwa, amayenera kuyesedwa. Pali chida chabwino kwambiri cha izi - zoyankhulana zamavuto. M'nkhani yake Ndinafotokoza mwachidule malamulo oyendetsera kuyankhulana kwamavuto. Onetsetsani kuti mwawerenga buku la "Funsani Amayi" lolemba Rob Fitzpatrick - ili ndi losangalatsa kwambiri, lalifupi komanso lothandiza la momwe mungafunse mafunso kuti mudziwe zenizeni ndikusefa ziweruzo ndi zongoganiza.
Ndikofunikira kuti mugwire ntchito ndi gawo limodzi lokha kuti muyang'ane khama lanu ndikuwonetsetsa kudalirika kwa zotsatira. Ngati mumalankhula ndi magulu angapo a makasitomala tsiku lonse, mutha kusokonezeka kuti ndani wakuuzani chiyani.
Dzina lina la magawo oyamba akupanga ndi kuyesa malingaliro ndi Kupeza Kwamakasitomala.
Ngati muli oona mtima ndi inu nokha, funsani mafunso oyenera ndikulemba mayankho a omwe akukambirana nawo (makamaka pa chojambulira mawu), ndiye kuti mudzakhala ndi mfundo zenizeni zomwe mungatsimikizire kapena kutsutsa malingaliro anu, kupeza (kapena osapeza). ) mavuto ogula omwe alipo kuti muthane nawo mutha kupereka chinthu. Muyeneranso kupeza phindu lothetsera mavutowa-chifukwa chiyani kuthetsa mavutowa n'kofunika, ndi phindu lanji kuthetsa mavutowa kumapereka kwa ogula, kapena kupweteka ndi kutayika komwe kumapulumutsa. Phindu lothetsera vuto limagwirizana ndi mitengo yamtsogolo ya mankhwala. Ngati wogula amvetsetsa phindu kapena ndalama zomwe apeza pothetsa vuto, ndiye kuti ndizotheka kumangirira mtengo wa yankho lanu ku phindu ili.
Mukadziwa za mavuto omwe akukumana nawo panopa komanso kufunika kothetsa mavutowa kwa ogula, ndiye kuti mukhoza kupanga MVP. Chilichonse chomwe chimatchedwa ndi chidule ichi. Tsopano ndiyesera kufotokoza tanthauzo la MVP momwe ndikumvera. MVP ndi chinthu chomwe chimakulolani kuti muwonetsere yankho lanu ku zovuta zomwe mwapeza kwa ogula ndikuyesa ngati yankholo ndiloyenera komanso lofunika kwa ogula. Kuyankha kwamakasitomala ku MVP kumakupatsani mwayi wotsimikizira kapena kutsutsa malingaliro anu okhudzana ndi zovuta zamakasitomala komanso kufunika kwa makasitomala kuthana ndi mavutowo.
Kutengera lingaliro ili la MVP, ndikutsutsa kuti nthawi zambiri, MVP ikhoza kukhala chiwonetsero (tsamba laumwini kapena lofikira patsamba - tsamba lofikira), lomwe limakamba za vutoli ndi yankho lanu ndipo zikutanthauza kuti wogula zomwe zikuyang'aniridwa - kuyitana, uthenga, dongosolo , kutsiriza mgwirizano, kupanga malipiro amtsogolo, ndi zina zotero. Nthawi zina, yankho likhoza kukhazikitsidwa pamanja kwa makasitomala angapo. Ndipo pazochitika zochepa zokha zomwe zimafunika kuti zikhazikitsidwe kuti zitsimikizire vutolo ndikupereka malingaliro abwino. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kukhazikitsa ntchito yofunika kwambiri yomwe imathetsa vuto limodzi la ogula. Yankho liyenera kukhala lomveka bwino, losavuta komanso lokongola. Ngati muli ndi chisankho pakati pa kupanga chopangidwa ndi chinthu chimodzi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zingapo, sankhani kupanga mapangidwe owoneka bwino.
Ngati chiyembekezo chili chokonzeka kukupatsani patsogolo ndipo chikuyembekezerani mankhwala anu, ndiye kuti ichi ndi chitsimikizo champhamvu cha malingaliro anu pa vuto lawo, yankho lanu ndi phindu la yankho lanu. Nthawi zambiri, palibe amene angakupatsenitu nthawi yomweyo, koma kukhala ndi MVP kumakupatsani mwayi wokambirana ndi makasitomala anu yankho lomwe mumapereka ku vuto lawo komanso mtengo wa yankho lanu. Nthawi zambiri, mukauza munthu za malonda anu, mumakumana ndi chivomerezo komanso kutenga nawo mbali. Komabe, mukapereka kugula chinthu, mumaphunzira zinthu zambiri zothandiza. Mwachitsanzo, kuti vuto siliri vuto konse ndipo siliyenera kuthetsedwa. Kapena kuti chisankho chanu ndi cholakwika pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Kapena kuti mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri chifukwa pali okwera mtengo kwambiri, etc.
Zogulitsa zoyamba kapena mapangano omwe adamalizidwa amatengedwa ngati chitsimikizo chamalingaliro okhudzana ndi vutoli, yankho lanu ndi mtengo wake. Pambuyo pake, mutha kuyamba kupanga mtundu woyamba wazinthuzo, poganizira zonse zomwe mwalandira ndikukulitsa malonda. Ndiyima apa pofotokozera za IIDF ndikuwonetsa momwe njira zina zimasiyanirana.
Njira ya Southern IT Park Accelerator
Tinachokera kuzinthu zotsatirazi: kuwonjezera pa ndondomeko yovomerezeka, zingakhale bwino kupereka zida zogwirira ntchito zovomerezeka komanso kufotokozera momveka bwino zotsatira zomwe mukufuna. Ngati zotsatira zake sizinapezeke, muyenera kupitiriza kugwira ntchito pa siteji iyi kapena kubwerera m'mbuyomo. Chifukwa chake, njirayo imatengera mawonekedwe a chimango, popeza ili ndi malangizo okhwima - choti achite ndi momwe angachitire, ndi zida ziti zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, zomwe ziyenera kupezedwa.
Mukakhala ndi lingaliro la chinthu chatsopano, chinthu choyamba muyenera kuchita ndikupeza kuti mavuto enieni, omwe alipo komanso omwe alipo tsopano angathe kuthetsedwa mothandizidwa ndi lingaliro lanu. Chifukwa chake, tidachotsa gawo lamalingaliro amakasitomala ndikupita molunjika kumalingaliro amavuto. Poyamba, ndikofunikira kupeza gulu lililonse la anthu omwe angapindule ndi malonda anu, ndiyeno mutha kumvetsetsa zomwe ali nazo ndikuzigawa.
Chifukwa chake, gawo loyamba lachitukuko cha polojekiti ndikuphatikiza malingaliro ambiri amavuto. Kuti tipeze zongopeka, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiganizire za zovuta za omwe angakhale makasitomala, komanso kufufuza mozama pamavutowa. Pavuto lililonse lomwe mukuganiziridwa, muyenera kulemba masitepe (ntchito) zomwe ziyenera kumalizidwa kuti muthetse vutoli. Ndiyeno pa sitepe iliyonse, perekani malangizo othandiza kuthetsa mavuto. Simuyenera kuyesetsa kwambiri kuti mupeze zida, koma ngati zikuwonekera kwa inu, ndiye kuti muyenera kuzikonza nthawi yomweyo. Ndiloleni ndifotokoze ndi chitsanzo.
Mwabwera ndi ntchito yomwe imakuthandizani kusankha ndi kugula galimoto yakale. Vuto ndikusankha ndi kugula galimoto yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanda zolakwika zobisika pamtengo wokwanira wamsika mu nthawi yaifupi kwambiri.
Njira (ntchito) za omwe angakhale kasitomala:
Dziwani chitsanzo ndi kusinthidwa, zaka kupanga
Pezani zosintha (zitsanzo)
Unikani, yesani, yerekezerani makope
Sankhani chochitika china
Chitani kafukufuku waukadaulo
Kambiranani tsatanetsatane wa malondawo ndikugula
Lembani galimoto yanu
Lililonse la mavutowa likhoza kuthetsedwa mβnjira zambiri, ndipo mwina pali zida zimene zimathetsa mavuto onsewa mβnjira yokwanira. Mwachitsanzo, malo ogulitsa magalimoto okhala ndi magalimoto ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Adzakhala okwera mtengo pang'ono, koma amapereka chitsimikizo.Tiyeni tiyesere kusankha zida za ntchito iliyonse. Anzanu odziwa zambiri, kuyang'ana ndemanga pa intaneti, kapena kuyendera malo ogulitsa magalimoto kudzakuthandizani kusankha chitsanzo. Iliyonse mwa njirazi ili ndi zovuta zake, ndizoyenera kulemba zowonekera kwambiri mwa iwo.
Chonde dziwani kuti pakadali pano sitiganizira kuti kasitomala wathu ndi ndani komanso zomwe ali nazo - ali woyenerera bwanji posankha galimoto payekha komanso momwe bajeti yake ilili. Timagawa vutoli m'magawo.
Ntchito iyi pakuwola mavuto omwe angakhale makasitomala amalonda anu itha kuchitidwa mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito mamapu amalingaliro (mapu amalingaliro). M'malo mwake, iyi ndi mitengo yomwe nthawi zonse mumawulula momwe mungathetsere mavuto. Ndili ndi zambiri za izi , kumene njira yogwirira ntchito ndi malingaliro pogwiritsa ntchito mapu amaganizo amakambidwa mwatsatanetsatane.
Chifukwa chake, mwakhala maola angapo mukuganizira za zovuta, zovuta, zida (zothetsera) ndi zofooka zawo. Kodi izi zimakupatsani chiyani?
Choyamba, mwawunikiranso ndikukonza malo omenyera nkhondo - mumaganizira za zinthu zambiri zomwe muyenera kuthana nazo ngati mupitiliza ndi ntchitoyi.
Chachiwiri, muli ndi ndondomeko yatsatanetsatane yochitira kuyankhulana kwavuto. Zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikubwera ndi mafunso kuti mudziwe momwe malingaliro anu amafananira ndi dziko lenileni la makasitomala omwe angakhale nawo.
Chachitatu, malingaliro omwe mumabwera nawo akugwirizana ndi zomwe mukupanga m'tsogolo motere: mayankho omwe alipo (zida) pamavuto ogula ndi omwe akupikisana nawo, zovuta zopikisana zitha kukhala zabwino zanu ngati mutapeza njira yowagonjetsera, ndipo zovuta za ogula zimatsimikizira. zinthu zazikuluzikulu) za malonda anu.
Pokhala ndi zongopeka, mutha kupita ku gawo lotsatira - kutsimikizira zongopeka pogwiritsa ntchito kuyankhulana kwamavuto. Gawoli likufanana ndi mapu a mapu a IIDF, koma palinso kusiyana pang'ono pazida ndi kujambula zotsatira. Mu njira ya Southern IT Park accelerator, timaumirira kuti tidziwe ndikulemba kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso cha mavuto, ntchito, ndi zovuta za omwe afunsidwa omwe angathe kugula malinga ndi milingo ya makwerero a Ben Hunt. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa momwe wogula akukhudzidwira ndi izi kapena vutolo, ntchito, kapena kusowa njira yothetsera vutoli, kaya ali wokonzeka kupirira kapena wachita kale chilichonse kuti athetse vutoli. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa ngati wofunsidwayo akutsimikizirani kuti ali ndi vuto, sizikutanthauza kuti ali wokonzeka kugula njira yothetsera vutoli. Ngati anakuuzani za kuyesa kwake kuthetsa vutoli, njira ndi zida zomwe adayesera, ndiye kuti ali wokonzeka kugula yankho. Komabe, funso la mtengo limakhala lotseguka ndipo chifukwa chake ndikofunikira panthawi yofunsa mafunso kuti mudziwe ndalama zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kale poyesa kuthetsa mavuto, ntchito, ndi zovuta. Bajeti pankhaniyi si ndalama zokha, komanso nthawi yomwe wogula adagwiritsa ntchito.
Kusanthula zotsatira zoyankhulana, timazindikira magulu a anthu omwe adayankha omwe adatsimikizira malingaliro omwewo. Kwenikweni, tikuyang'ana machitidwe a ogula - zosowa zomwezo zomwe sizinakwaniritsidwe. Pakadali pano, timayesa kugawa ogula mozungulira machitidwe awo ogula. Kugawikana kwa ogula pambuyo pochita zoyankhulana potengera zomwe tapeza kumawoneka kwa ife kukhala odalirika kuposa kugawa pagawo lamalingaliro.
Ngati zotsatira za zoyankhulana zamavuto zimakukhutiritsani - mwapeza machitidwe a ogula, mavuto omwe anthu ambiri akukumana nawo ndipo adatha kugawana bwino makasitomala omwe angakhale nawo, adapeza kuti anali ndi bajeti zothetsera mavuto, ndiye kuti mutha kupita ku gawo lotsatira - kutsanzira mankhwala ndi MVP. . Musanagwiritse ntchito chilichonse, timalimbikitsa kupanga ndi kufanizira. Panthawi yopangira zinthu, timalimbikitsa kufotokozera njira zamabizinesi a kasitomala zomwe mukufuna kusintha ndi malonda anu. Ndikoyenera kumvetsetsa bwino momwe ogula amakhalira ndi kuthetsa mavuto ake tsopano. Kenako phatikizani njira zamabizinesi azinthu zanu munjira zamabizinesi a ogula. Mukamaliza ntchitoyi, mudzakhala mukumvetsetsa bwino zomwe mukuchita ndipo mudzatha kufotokozera chiyambi ndi malo a chinthu chanu muzochita za kasitomala kwa aliyense amene ali ndi chidwi - yemwe angakhale bwenzi lake, Investor, developer ndi kuthekera. kasitomala yekha.
Kukhalapo kwa zolembedwa zamapulojekiti zotere kumakupatsani mwayi woyerekeza mtengo wopangira zinthu ndikuwunikira magwiridwe antchito omwe titha kugwiritsa ntchito mwachangu komanso motsika mtengo mu MVP. Mudzatha kusankhanso za MVP - idzakhala chiwonetsero kapena "MVP yapamanja" kapena mudzafunikabe kupanga china chake chowonetsa mtengo kwa omwe angakhale kasitomala.
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa gawo lachitsanzo cha mankhwala ndikuwunika chuma cha polojekitiyi. Tiyerekeze kuti gulu la polojekitiyo lili ndi akatswiri omwe angathe kupanga MVP okha ndipo sangafune ndalama zothandizira chitukuko. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti izi sizokwanira. Kuti mugulitse malonda anu, muyenera kukopa ogula - gwiritsani ntchito njira zotsatsa zomwe sizili zaulere. Pakugulitsa kwanu koyamba, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mayendedwe omwe safuna ndalama zambiri - dziimbireni nokha kapena kugawa zowulutsira pamalo oimikapo magalimoto, koma kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe otere ndi ochepa, nthawi yanu imawononganso ndalama, ndipo posachedwa mudzagawira ena. ntchito imeneyi kwa antchito ganyu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kwambiri kusankha njira zingapo zopezera makasitomala ndikuyerekeza mtengo wopeza makasitomala munjirazi. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito deta kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana, funsani akatswiri pazizindikiro, kapena kuchita zoyeserera zanu.
Mtengo wokopa kasitomala wolipira ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimatsimikizira mtengo wazinthu zanu kwa kasitomala. Zogulitsa zanu sizingawononge ndalama zochepa kuposa izi - popeza munkhaniyi mudzataya kutayika kuyambira pachiyambi. Bajeti yanu yopangira chitukuko ndi chithandizo, komanso phindu lanu monga oyambitsa bizinesi, lili ndi kusiyana pakati pa mtengo wazinthu zanu ndi mtengo wopezera makasitomala.
Pakadali pano, ma projekiti ambiri amayesedwa kunena - tidzakopa makasitomala kudzera mumsewu wosaka komanso ma virus - izi ndizaulere. Iwo akulondola za kutsika mtengo kwa kukopa, koma amaiwala kuti njirazi zimachedwa, zimatenga nthawi yaitali kulimbikitsa ndi kukhala ndi mphamvu zochepa. Ndikofunikiranso kukumbukira izi - oyika ndalama akatswiri amaika ndalama m'mapulojekiti omwe ali ndi njira zomveka bwino komanso zotsika mtengo, zowopsa, zolipirira zokopa makasitomala. Ndalama sizimapangidwira organic traffic yokha.
Ngati pakadali pano mulibe mavuto - mankhwala anu adatsatiridwa, njira yopangira ndi ntchito ya MVP yatsimikiziridwa, njira zokopa makasitomala zatsimikiziridwa ndipo zachuma za polojekitiyo zimawoneka ngati zopindulitsa, ndiye mukhoza kupita patsogolo. mpaka gawo lotsatira - kupanga MVP. Gawoli ndi losavuta ndipo silinasiyane ndi gawo lomwe takambirana kale la mapu a IIDF. MVP ikapangidwa, muyenera kupeza zogulitsa zoyamba ndi kukhazikitsa. Njira yomaliza mapangano, kugulitsa, kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito MVP yanu kungatenge nthawi yayitali ndipo idzabweretsa ndemanga kuchokera kwa makasitomala - mudzapeza chifukwa chake yankho lanu ndi loipa, chifukwa chake silingakwaniritsidwe, ndi zofooka ziti zomwe muli nazo ndi zina. opikisana nawo omwe simunawadziwe kale. Ngati zonsezi sizikupha malonda anu ndi chikhulupiriro chanu, ndiye kuti mudzatha kumaliza MVP ndikufika magawo otsatirawa - malonda opindulitsa mumayendedwe. Ndiyima apa ndikuganiziranso zovuta zomwe zimakuchitikirani pakupanga bizinesi mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa.
Misampha yomwe imagwira ntchito motsatira njira zomwe tafotokozazi zimagweramo
Ndiroleni ndikukumbutseni chifukwa chake njira zogwirira ntchito zoyambira zidapangidwa. Ntchito yaikulu ndikuphunzira momwe mungayesere mwamsanga malingaliro, kuzindikira ndi "kukwirira" zomwe sizingatheke, kuti musawononge zinthu (nthawi ndi ndalama zanu). Kugwiritsa ntchito njirazi sikumasintha ziwerengero zomwe 90-95% ya malonda atsopano amafa m'chaka choyamba cha moyo. Njira zoyambira zoyambira zimafulumizitsa kufa kwa malingaliro osatheka abizinesi ndikuchepetsa kutayika.
Lingaliro lomwe linayesedwa ndi "kuikidwa m'manda" mwamsanga ndi zotsatira zabwino. Lingaliro lomwe chinthu chinapangidwira ndikutulutsidwa pamsika, koma chomwe sichinagulitse, ndi zotsatira zoyipa. Chogulitsa chomwe chimapangidwa molingana ndi zosowa zomwe zadziwika, zomwe zidasonkhanitsidwa kale, phindu kuchokera ku malonda omwe amalipira ndalama zotsatsa, kupanga ndi chitukuko, komanso amalola kubweza ndalama pakanthawi kochepa - izi ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Chogulitsa chomwe chinatha kukonzedwanso ndi "kutumizidwa" pa siteji ya malonda oyambirira, kuti chikwaniritse zosowa za makasitomala ndi zotsika mtengo poganizira mtengo wokopa makasitomala ndi zotsatira zabwino.
Vuto lofala kwambiri ndi kuyankhulana kwamavuto osachitidwa moyenera. Ili ndi mitundu:
- Zoyankhulana zopanda pake - pamene mayankho a mafunso omwe amafunsidwa samalongosola kalikonse, ndiko kuti, zoyankhulana zinachitidwa, mafunso anafunsidwa, koma mayankho sanabweretse mfundo zomwe zingatheke. Izi zimachitika pamene malingaliro oipa amasankhidwa - zoonekeratu kapena zosagwirizana ndi lingaliro la mankhwala, kapena mafunso akafunsidwa osagwirizana ndi malingaliro.
- Kutanthauzira koyembekezeka kwambiri kwa mayankho ndi pamene, moona mtima, ambiri mwa omwe adafunsidwa sanatsimikizire zongopeka zilizonse, koma oyankha 1-2 adatsimikizira zina mwazongopeka. Zikatere, mutha kuyesa kumvetsetsa kuti anthuwa ndi ndani ndikuyesera kupeza ena omwe angakhale makasitomala ofanana nawo.
- Mafunso amachitidwa ndi anthu olakwika - pamene kuthekera kwa oyankha kupanga zosankha zogula sikunyalanyazidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mumalankhula ndi ana, amatsimikizira vutoli, koma chisankho chogula sichidzapangidwa ndi iwo, koma ndi makolo awo, omwe ali ndi zolinga zosiyana kwambiri ndipo sadzagula chidole chozizira koma choopsa. Ndizofanana mu B2B - mutha kuyankhulana ndi ogwiritsa ntchito, koma bajetiyo imayendetsedwa ndi oyang'anira omwe ali ndi zolinga zina komanso mtengo wazinthu zomwe mukuzifufuza sizoyenera kwa iwo. Ndikukhulupirira kuti njira ya Southern IT Park Accelerator imakankhira mumsampha uwu, chifukwa ilibe gawo lamalingaliro okhudza magawo a kasitomala.
- Kugulitsa pa kuyankhulana - pamene pa kuyankhulana akadali kulankhula za lingaliro la mankhwala ndi interlocutor ndi zolinga zabwino, kuyesera kukuthandizani, amatsimikizira maganizo anu za mavuto ndi zovuta.
- Kudzinyenga - pamene oyankhawo sanatsimikizire kalikonse, koma mumatanthauzira mawu awo mwanjira yanu ndikukhulupirira kuti malingalirowo akutsimikiziridwa.
- Kuyankhulana kochepa komwe kumachitidwa ndi pamene mukuchita zoyankhulana zingapo (3-5) ndipo zikuwoneka kwa inu kuti onse oyankhulana amatsimikizira malingaliro anu ndipo palibe chifukwa chochitira zoyankhulana zambiri. Vutoli nthawi zambiri limayendera limodzi ndi vuto #4, kugulitsa panthawi yofunsa mafunso.
Zotsatira za kuyankhulana kochitidwa molakwika nthawi zambiri zimakhala lingaliro lolakwika pakufunika kopititsa patsogolo ntchitoyo (monga - osatheka komanso osafunikira). Izi zimabweretsa kutaya nthawi (nthawi zambiri miyezi ingapo) pakupanga MVP, ndiyeno pa siteji ya malonda oyambirira zimakhala kuti palibe amene akufuna kugula mankhwalawa. Palinso mawonekedwe ovuta kwambiri - pamene pamalonda oyambirira mtengo wokopa kasitomala sunaganizidwe ndipo mankhwala amawoneka kuti ndi otheka, koma pa siteji ya malonda opindulitsa amapezeka kuti chitsanzo cha bizinesi ndi mankhwala ndizopanda phindu. . Ndiko kuti, ndi zoyankhulana zochitidwa bwino komanso kuwunika moona mtima kwachuma cha polojekitiyi, mutha kudzipulumutsa nokha miyezi ingapo ya moyo ndi ndalama zambiri.
Vuto lotsatira lodziwika bwino ndikugawa kolakwika kwazinthu pakati pa chitukuko cha MVP ndi malonda. Nthawi zambiri, mapulojekiti omwe amapanga ma MVP amawononga nthawi ndi ndalama zambiri, ndipo ikafika nthawi yogulitsa koyamba, alibe bajeti yoyesera njira zogulitsira. Takhala tikukumana ndi mapulojekiti omwe adamiza mazana masauzande ndi mamiliyoni a ma ruble mu chitukuko, osapanga MVP chabe, koma chomaliza, ndiyeno sangathe (kapena sakufuna) kugwiritsa ntchito ma ruble 50-100 zikwizikwi poyesa. mayendedwe ndikuyesera kukopa makasitomala olipidwa mwachangu.
Vuto lina lodziwika bwino ndilakuti panthawi yofunsa mafunso gulu la polojekiti limazindikira kuti lingaliro lawo loyambirira silingagwire ntchito, koma amazindikira zovuta zingapo zomwe angapangire bizinesi. Komabe, gululo limakana kutsata ndi kupanga malingaliro atsopano kutengera zosowa zomwe zadziwika, ponena kuti "sachita chidwi ndi mitu ina." Panthawi imodzimodziyo, akhoza kupitiriza kukumba "mutu wakufa" kapena kusiya kuyesa kuyambitsa zonse.
Pali mavuto a 2 omwe ndikuganiza kuti sakuthetsedwa bwino m'njira zomwe tafotokozazi.
1. Kuyerekeza mtengo wokopa makasitomala mochedwa. Njira zomwe zili pamwambazi sizikufuna kuti muyerekeze mtengo wogula makasitomala mpaka mutatsimikizira kuti mukufuna yankho lanu. Komabe, kuchita zofunsa mafunso ndi kukonza zotsatira zawo ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatenga sabata imodzi mpaka zingapo. Kuti muyese zongopekazo, muyenera kuchita zokambirana zosachepera 10. Kumbali inayi, mutha kuyerekeza mtengo wokopa kasitomala wolipira m'maola enieni a 1-2 pofufuza pa intaneti kuti mupeze deta ndikuwerengera. Ndiroleni ndikupatseni chitsanzo.
Tiyerekeze kuti tikukamba za mtundu wina wa malo achikondi omwe makasitomala amayikapo mapulogalamu a chinthu kapena ntchito, ndipo ogulitsa akudzipereka okha ndi mitengo yawo. Pulatifomu ikukonzekera kupeza ndalama kuchokera kumakomisheni kuchokera pazogulitsa kapena zolipira zolembetsa kuchokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Kale pamlingo wamalingaliro, mutha kulingalira njira zingapo zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito angakopeke nazo. Tiyerekeze kuti tidzakopa makasitomala ndi mafoni ozizira komanso kutsatsa m'makina osakira, ndi ogulitsa omwe ali ndi zotsatsa mumainjini osakira ndi malo ochezera. Kale pa nthawi imeneyi inu mukhoza kumvetsa kuti mtengo kukopa katundu yogwira adzakhala pafupifupi 1000 rubles. Tiyerekeze kuti kukopa ogulitsa kumawononga ma ruble 200, ndiye kuti kumaliza ntchito yoyamba kumafunika pafupifupi ma ruble 2000. Kenaka, tikhoza kunena kuti ndi bwino kuti tipeze ndalama zosachepera 1000 rubles pazochitika zilizonse. Chifukwa chake, tikuyenera kugwirizanitsa ntchito yovomerezeka iyi ndi lingaliro lathu. Ngati tikulankhula za tsamba lachifundo pomwe ntchito zimayitanidwa mpaka ma ruble 1000, ndiye kuti sitingathe kulandira ma ruble 1000. kuchokera pakuchita kulikonse. Ngati tikukamba za malo omwe mautumiki amaperekedwa kwa ma ruble 100, ndiye kuti bizinesi yotereyi ikhoza kukhala yopindulitsa. Umu ndi momwe, ngakhale musanapange zongopeka ndikufunsa mafunso, ndizotheka kuzindikira kusatheka kwa lingaliro.
2. Palibe kuyesa kuyesa yankho kudzera mu malonda asanafike gawo la chitukuko cha MVP. Njirazi sizifuna kuyesa kovomerezeka kwa malingaliro okhudza kuvomereza yankho lanu kwa kasitomala musanapange MVP. Ndikhulupilira kuti mutatha kusanthula zoyankhulana zamavuto, ndi koyenera kuganiza kudzera mu lingaliro lothetsera mavuto omwe adziwika. Mu njira yaku Southern IT Park, izi zikuwonetsedwa ngati njira yothetsera. Komabe, ndikuganiza kuti ndikofunikira kupita patsogolo ndikupanga chidziwitso chothandizira kuti makasitomala afotokoze masomphenya anu kuti athetse mavuto awo. M'mabuku, izi nthawi zina zimatchedwa "kuyankhulana kwa chisankho." Mumapereka chitsanzo cha malonda anu kwa omwe angakhale makasitomala ndikupeza maganizo awo pazam'tsogolo komanso, mwina, kuyitanitsa ndi kugulitsa koyamba. Izi zimakulolani kuti muyese zongopeka za mtengo wa yankho lanu pamtengo wotsika kwambiri, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo yesetsani kulingalira kwa mtengo wogula makasitomala, ngakhale musanayambe kupanga MVP.
Kuyerekeza njira ndi kufotokoza kwa njira yanga - Vuto-yankho koyenera chimango
Gawo lapamwamba lachithunzichi likuwonetsa njira za IIDF ndi Southern IT Park. Kupita patsogolo kwa magawo kumachitika kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja. Mivi ikuwonetsa magawo osunthika, ndipo magawo atsopano omwe sanali mu njira ya IIDF afotokozedwa molimba mtima.
Nditasanthula zomwe ndakumana nazo komanso zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa oyambitsa, ndikupangira njira yatsopano, yomwe yawonetsedwa pazithunzi - Kuthetsa vuto lokwanira chimango.
Ndikupangira kuyamba ndi gawo "Zongopeka zamagulu amakasitomala ndikusankha gawo lachitukuko", chifukwa kuti mutha kupanga ndikuyesa malingaliro amavuto, muyenerabe kumvetsetsa yemwe mukukumana naye ndikuganiziranso mphamvu ndi kutha kwa ntchito. gawo.
Gawo lotsatira ndi latsopano, silinawonekere. Tikasankha gawo loti tigwirepo ntchito, tiyenera kuganizira za momwe tingalumikizire ogulawa ndi ndalama zingati kuyesa kugulitsa chinachake. Kupezeka kwa oimira gawo la zokambirana ndikofunikira, ngati m'tsogolomu mudzakumana ndi anthu ofanana kuti mufunse mafunso. Ngati kupeza olankhulana ndi anthu oterowo, komanso kuyimba ndi kukonza msonkhano kumakhala kovuta kwa inu, ndiye bwanji lembani mwatsatanetsatane zongopeka za zosowa zawo? Kale pa siteji iyi pakhoza kukhala kubwerera ku chisankho cha gawo lina.
Chotsatira - magawo awiri, monga njira ya Southern IT Park - kumanga mapu atsatanetsatane amalingaliro azovuta, ntchito, zida ndi zovuta za ogula, ndiyeno - kuyankhulana kwamavuto ndi ogula kuyesa malingaliro. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa njira yanga ndi zomwe takambirana kale ndikuti panthawi yofunsa mafunso m'pofunika kumvetsera kwambiri kumvetsetsa njira zamalonda zovuta pakati pa ogula omwe atsimikizira kukhalapo kwa mavuto. Muyenera kumvetsetsa zomwe akuchita, momwe, liti komanso kangati vutolo likubwera, momwe adayesera kulithetsa, ndi njira zotani zomwe zili zovomerezeka komanso zosavomerezeka kwa iwo. Potengera njira zamabizinesi amakasitomala, timapanga yankho lathu mwa iwo. Nthawi yomweyo, timamvetsetsa bwino mikhalidwe yomwe tidzayenera kugwira ntchito komanso zoletsa zomwe zilipo.
Kupitilira apo, pomvetsetsa tanthauzo lazinthu zathu zam'tsogolo komanso malo omwe angakumane nawo omwe angadzipezere okha, titha kuwunika zachuma cha polojekitiyi - kuwerengera ndalama, mtengo wazogulitsa, kuganiza kudzera mumitundu yopangira ndalama ndi mitengo yazinthu, ndikuwunika opikisana nawo. Pambuyo pake, mutha kupanga chisankho choyenera komanso chodziwitsidwa chokhudza kupitiriza kugwira ntchitoyo.
Pambuyo pake, mudzakhala ndi zonse zomwe mukufunikira kuti muwonetsere malonda anu kwa omwe angakhale makasitomala - mukudziwa mavuto omwe makasitomala angathe kuwathetsa, mwapeza njira yothetsera mavutowa (mankhwala), mukumvetsa momwe yankho lanu lidzakhalira. phindu, ndipo mwasankha pamtengo wa chinthu chanu . Zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa ndizokwanira kupanga chiwonetsero chazinthu ndikuyesera kugulitsa malonda anu ku gawo logwira ntchito kwambiri lamakasitomala - otengera oyambirira. Onetsani ulaliki kwa omwe angakhale makasitomala ndikupeza mayankho awo. Kuyitanitsa ndi kulipira pasadakhale ndi zotsatira zabwino. Ngati munalipidwa pasadakhale, ndiye kuti mankhwala anu ndi abwino kwa kasitomala, ndipo ali wokonzeka kugula nthawi iliyonse. Mapulatifomu a Crowdfunding (mwachitsanzo, Kickstarter) amakhazikitsa mfundoyi pa intaneti. Palibe chimene chingakulepheretseni kuchita chimodzimodzi. Ngati makasitomala sali okonzeka kumaliza mgwirizano, ndiye kuti muli ndi mwayi wofunsa za zifukwa ndi zikhalidwe - zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti agule malonda anu. Makontrakitala omwe adamalizidwa ndipo zotsogola zidalandira chithandizo chabwino kwambiri chamalingaliro anu okhudza yankho lanu kumavuto amakasitomala (chinthu).
Zitatha izi, mutha kuyamba kupanga mtundu woyamba wazinthuzo, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi kufotokozera komwe mudalandila kale. Zogulitsazo zikakonzeka, mumazipereka kwa makasitomala anu oyamba. Pambuyo pakugwiritsa ntchito mayeso kwanthawi yayitali, mumasonkhanitsa malingaliro a makasitomala anu oyamba pazamalonda, kudziwa mayendedwe opangira zinthu, kenako ndikupanga malonda omveka bwino.
Pomaliza
Nkhaniyo inakhala yaitali ndithu. Zikomo powerenga mpaka kumapeto. Mukadutsa masitepe onse pogwiritsa ntchito njira iliyonse yomwe yafotokozedwa, izi zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi mankhwala omwe wina amafunikira. Ngati simunagwiritse ntchito njira iliyonse ndipo malonda anu ali ndi malonda, ndiye kuti wina akufunikira mankhwala anu.
Bizinesi imagwira ntchito mukamvetsetsa kuti ndani ndi chifukwa chiyani amagula malonda anu komanso kuchuluka kwa momwe mungalipire kuti mukope kasitomala. Kenako mutha kuyang'ana njira zotsatsira zotsika mtengo komanso kugulitsa masikelo, ndiye kuti mudzakhala ndi bizinesi. Ngati simukudziwa yemwe akugula malonda anu komanso chifukwa chake, muyenera kudziwa polankhula ndi ogwiritsa ntchito. Simungathe kupanga njira yogulitsira ngati simukudziwa yemwe mungamugulitse komanso phindu lofunika lomwe mankhwalawa amabweretsa kwa makasitomala.
Source: www.habr.com