Chilankhulo cha pulogalamu ya Dart 2.8 chatulutsidwa

chinachitika kutulutsidwa kwa chilankhulo cha pulogalamu Chithunzi cha 2.8, yomwe ikupitirizabe kukula kwa nthambi ya Dart 2 yokonzedwanso kwambiri, inayang'ananso pa chitukuko cha machitidwe a Webusaiti ndi mafoni ndikukonzekera kuti apange zigawo za mbali ya kasitomala.

Dart 2 imasiyana ndi chilankhulo choyambirira cha Dart pakugwiritsa ntchito zilembo zolimba (mitundu imatha kuzindikirika yokha, chifukwa chake mtundu wamtundu ndi wosankha, koma kulemba kwamphamvu sikugwiritsidwanso ntchito ndipo mtundu woyambilira umaperekedwa ku mtundu wosinthika komanso wosamalitsa. pambuyo pake). Kwa chitukuko cha intaneti zoperekedwa gulu la malaibulale enieni, monga dart:html, komanso Angular web framework. Chikhazikitso chikulimbikitsidwa chopanga mapulogalamu amafoni Flutter, pamaziko omwe, mwa zina, chipolopolo cha makina atsopano opangira ma microkernel omwe akupangidwa ku Google amamangidwa. Fuchsia.

M'kutulutsa kwatsopano:

• Njira zowonjezera zogwiritsira ntchito mtengo wa Null mosamala, ndikuphwanya kuyanjana chakumbuyo. Mwachitsanzo, cholakwika cha nthawi yophatikizira chidzaponyedwa ngati kuyesa kuyesa kuyika mtengo wa "Null" ku mtundu wosadziwika, monga "int". Zoletsa zayambitsidwanso pakugwirizana kwa zosinthika ndi mitundu yosatha komanso yosasinthika, monga "int?" ndi "int" (zosiyana ndi mtundu wa "int" zitha kuperekedwa zosinthika ndi mtundu wa "int", koma osati mosemphanitsa). Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito ku zosinthika zomwe zabwezedwa mu mawu oti "kubwerera" - ngati m'thupi la ntchitoyi pali kusintha komwe kuli ndi mtundu womwe sulola kuti "Null" boma silinaperekedwe mtengo, wophatikiza awonetsa cholakwika. Zosinthazi zikuthandizani kupewa kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa choyesa kugwiritsa ntchito zosintha zomwe mtengo wake sunadziwike ndikuyikidwa "Null".
• posungira pub.dev anadutsa 10 zikwi phukusi chizindikiro. Monga gawo la njira yoperekera ya Dart 2.8, magwiridwe antchito obweza phukusi kuchokera ku pub.dev adawongoleredwa bwino pothandizira kubweza mapaketi mumizere ingapo yofananira popereka lamulo la "pub get", komanso kuyika ulesi pochita " pub run" lamulo. Kuyesa lamulo la "pub get" la polojekiti yatsopano yochokera ku Flutter kunawonetsa kuchepa kwa nthawi yogwira ntchito kuchokera ku 6.5 mpaka 2.5 masekondi, ndi ntchito zazikulu monga Flutter gallery, kuchokera ku 15 mpaka 3 masekondi.
• Yawonjezera lamulo latsopano la "pub lachikale" kuti musunge zodalira zonse pamaphukusi omwe adayikidwapo mpaka pano. Pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo la "pub lachikale", mutha kuwunika, osasintha pa fayilo ya pubspec, ngati pali mitundu yatsopano yazida zonse zomwe zimagwirizana ndi phukusi lodziwika. Mosiyana ndi "pub upgrade", lamulo latsopano silimangoyang'ana mitundu yofanana ndi pubspec, komanso nthambi zatsopano. Mwachitsanzo, pa phukusi lokhala ndi zodalira zolembedwa "foo: ^1.3.0" ndi "bar: ^2.0.0", kuthamanga "pub yachikale" kuwonetsa kupezeka kwa nthambi zonse zomwe zilipo ndi nthambi zatsopano:

  Zodalira Panopa Zosinthika Zosinthika Zaposachedwa
  foo 1.3.0 1.3.1 1.3.1 1.3.1
  bala 2.0.1 2.1.0 3.0.3 3.0.3

Mawonekedwe a chilankhulo cha Dart:

• Syntax yodziwika bwino komanso yosavuta kuphunzira, yachilengedwe ya JavaScript, C ndi Java programmers.
• Kuwonetsetsa kukhazikitsidwa kwachangu komanso magwiridwe antchito apamwamba kwa asakatuli onse amakono ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya malo, kuyambira pazida zonyamula kupita ku maseva amphamvu;
• Kutha kufotokozera makalasi ndi zolumikizira zomwe zimalola kubisa ndikugwiritsanso ntchito njira zomwe zilipo kale;
• Kutchula mitundu kumapangitsa kuti kukhale kosavuta kukonza zolakwika ndi kuzindikira zolakwika, kumapangitsa kuti code ikhale yomveka bwino komanso yowerengeka, komanso imathandizira kusinthidwa ndi kusanthula kwake ndi omwe akupanga gulu lachitatu.
• Mitundu yothandizidwa imaphatikizapo: mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma hashi, mindandanda ndi mindandanda, mizere, manambala ndi mitundu ya zingwe, mitundu yodziwira tsiku ndi nthawi, mawu okhazikika (RegExp). Mwina kupanga zanu mitundu;
• Kukonzekera kuphana kofanana, akulangizidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito makalasi omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe chodzipatula, ndondomeko yomwe imachitidwa kwathunthu mu malo akutali m'dera losiyana la kukumbukira, kuyanjana ndi njira yaikulu potumiza mauthenga;
• Thandizo logwiritsa ntchito malaibulale omwe amathandizira kuthandizira ndikuwongolera ma projekiti akuluakulu a intaneti. Ntchito za gulu lachitatu zitha kuphatikizidwa ngati malaibulale omwe amagawana nawo. Mapulogalamu amatha kugawidwa m'magawo ndikuyika chitukuko cha gawo lililonse ku gulu laopanga mapulogalamu;
• Zida zokonzekera kuti zithandizire chitukuko cha chinenero cha Dart, kuphatikizapo kukhazikitsidwa kwachitukuko champhamvu ndi zida zowonongeka ndi kuwongolera ma code pa-fly ("edit-and-continue");
• Kuti muchepetse chitukuko cha chilankhulo cha Dart, zimabwera ndi SDK, woyang'anira phukusi poba, static code analyzer dart_analyzer, malo osungiramo mabuku, malo ogwirizanitsa chitukuko DartPad ndi mapulagini opangidwa ndi Dart a IntelliJ IDEA, WebStorm, Emacs, Zithunzi za 2 zakuda и Vim;
• Maphukusi owonjezera okhala ndi malaibulale ndi zothandizira amagawidwa m'malo osungira poba, yomwe ili ndi mapepala oposa 10 zikwi.

Source: opennet.ru