Poyendera dziko lililonse, ndikofunikira kuti musasokoneze zokopa alendo ndi kusamuka.
nzeru za anthu
M'nkhani zam'mbuyomu (, , ) tinakhudza mutu wa akatswiri, zomwe zikuyembekezera wophunzira wachinyamata komanso wobiriwira ku yunivesite akaloledwa, komanso pa maphunziro ake ku Switzerland. Gawo lotsatira, lomwe likutsatira mwanzeru zitatu zam'mbuyomu, ndikuwonetsa ndikulankhula za moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, za и , zomwe zachulukira pa intaneti (zambiri zomwe zili zopanda pake), za Switzerland, komanso zimakhudzanso kuchuluka kwa ndalama ndi ndalama.
Chodzikanira: N’chifukwa chiyani ndinayamba kulemba nkhaniyi? Pali "nkhani zambiri zopambana" pa Habré za momwe angachokere, koma zochepa kwambiri pazomwe munthu wosamukira kumayiko ena adzakumana nazo akafika. chimodzi mwa zitsanzo zochepa zomwe ndimakonda, ngakhale wolemba ayang'ana dziko lapansi kudzera m'magalasi amtundu wa rose, IMHO. Inde, mukhoza kupeza chinachake mu kukula kwa Google Docs, yomwe imasinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, ndi malangizo obalalika, koma izi sizimapereka chithunzi chonse. Ndiye tiyeni tiyese kufotokoza mwachidule!
Chilichonse chomwe chafotokozedwa m'munsimu ndikuyesa kulingalira zenizeni zozungulira, ndiko kuti, m'nkhani ino ndikufuna kuyang'ana maganizo anga panjira yomwe ndayenda ndikugawana zomwe ndawona. Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zilimbikitsa wina kusamukira ku Switzerland, ndipo wina adzipangire yekha Switzerland pang'ono kumbuyo kwawo.
Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tikambirane chilichonse mwadongosolo, dzipangitseni kukhala omasuka, padzakhala kuwerenga kwanthawi yayitali.
Samalani, pali magalimoto ambiri pansi podulidwa (~ 20 MB)!
Zodziwika bwino za Switzerland yosadziwika bwino
Mfundo 1: Switzerland ndiye woyamba komanso wopambana
Mwanjira ina, kuchuluka kwa kudziyimira pawokha kwa ma cantons ndiokwera kwambiri. Pafupifupi ngati ku USA, komwe boma lililonse lili ndi misonkho yake, machitidwe ake oweruza, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi malamulo ena omwe amafanana.
"Ndale" mapu aku Switzerland.
Kumene, pali cantons mafuta - Geneva (mabanki), Vaud (EPFL + zokopa alendo), Zurich (yaikulu IT makampani), Basel (Roche ndi Novartis), Bern (ichi ambiri ndi otukuka kwambiri), ndipo pali ena. . ).
Mfundo 2: Switzerland ndi dziko la Soviets
Switzerland imayendetsedwa ndi makhonsolo, zomwe ndikutanthauza pa chaka cha 100 cha Revolution. Inde, inde, munamva bwino, liwu lachifalansa lakuti Conseil (uphungu) ndi lachijeremani lakuti Beratung (loperekedwa uphungu, malangizo) kwenikweni ali makhonsolo ofanana a nduna za anthu m’bandakucha wa “October, Socialist, Yours!”
NB kwa bores: inde, ndikumvetsetsa bwino kuti mwina izi zikukoka kadzidzi padziko lapansi komanso chidziwitso, koma zolinga ndi zolinga za Council ndi Conseil zimagwirizana, kutanthauza kulola nzika wamba kutenga nawo mbali pazofunikira zolamulira. chigawo, mzinda, dziko ndikuwonetsetsa kutsatizana kwa mphamvu.
Makhonsolo awa ali a magawo angapo: Council of distilikiti kapena "mudzi" - Conseil de Commune kapena Gemeinde, momwe amatchulira. , City Council - Conseil de Ville, Canton Council - Conseil d'Etat), Canton Council - Conseil des Etats, Federal Council - . Chotsatiracho ndi boma la federal. Mwambiri, pali malangizo okha pozungulira. Mkhalidwe uwu wa zinthu unalembedwa mu Constitution kuyambira 1848 (ndiko kulondola, Lenin panthawiyo anali wamng'ono ndipo anali ndi mutu wopindika!).
L'Union soviétique kapena L'Union des Conseils?Kwa ine zinali ngati bawuti kuchokera kumwamba koyera kwa Novembala nditakhala zaka 5 ku Switzerland. Mwanjira ina, mosayembekezereka, chaka cha 1848 ndi ulendo woyamba wa "mkulu" Ulyanov adasonkhana m'mutu mwanga. Aka Lenin mu 1895 kupita ku Switzerland, i.e. zaka theka pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Soviet Union, ndi "Soviets" Aka Conseils. Koma Lenin ankakhala ku Switzerland kwa zaka 5 kuchokera 1905 mpaka 1907 (pambuyo pa chilengedwe. ) komanso kuyambira 1916 mpaka 1917. Choncho, Ilyich anali ndi nthawi yokwanira (ndiyeno zaka 5 zinali nthawi ya wow!) Osati kokha chifukwa cha ntchito zosinthira, komanso kuphunzira za ndale za m'deralo.
Chikwangwani cha Chikumbutso cha "Führer" ku Zurich
Sitidzalingalira pa mutu wakuti ngati Lenin kapena wopanduka wina adabweretsa "Soviets" ku Russia kapena ngati adachokera mwa njira yawoyawo, komabe, dongosolo ili la makhonsolo linakhala lothandiza kwambiri ndipo pambuyo pa October Revolution linatumizidwa. m'munda wosalima wa "zidutswa za autocracy", kuphatikiza anthu wamba: wamba , amalinyero, antchito ndi asirikali.
Zaka zingapo pambuyo pa dziko la Soviets mu 1922, dziko la USSR linawonekera pamapu, lomwe, modabwitsa, linalinso. Con-federation, ndi nkhani yodzipatula idagwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta ndi ma Republican mu 90s. Ndiye nthawi ina mukadzawona kutchulidwa (pambuyo pa zonse, Chifalansa ndi chilankhulo cha mayiko a mayiko ngakhale lero) kapena Soviet Union, ganizirani ngati inali Soviet, kapena mwina L'Union des Conceils ?!
Mfundo ya makhonsolo onsewa ndikupereka ufulu kwa anthu onse a Confederation kuti atenge nawo mbali pazandale zadziko komanso, kuwongolera demokalase. Chifukwa chake, andale nthawi zambiri amayenera kuphatikiza ntchito zokhazikika ndi gawo mu boma laderalo, ndiko kuti, mumtundu wina wa Khonsolo.
Nachi chitsanzo chimodzi cha ofuna kusankha: wophika (cusinier), dalaivala, dotolo wamano ndi katswiri wamagetsi alipo.
Ndine wokondwa kuti a Swiss ali ndi udindo osati pa "bwalo" lawo, komanso amatenga nawo mbali mwachidwi moyo wa mudzi ndi mzinda, ndipo ali ndi mtundu wina wachibadwa komanso / kapena kukulitsa udindo.
Mfundo #3: Ndondomeko ya ndale ya ku Switzerland ndi yapadera
Kuchokera ku 2 zikutsatira kuti Switzerland ndi amodzi mwa mayiko ochepa kwambiri padziko lapansi kumene demokalase yeniyeni ndi yotheka komanso yogwira ntchito. Inde, aku Swiss amakonda kufotokoza chifuniro chawo nthawi iliyonse - kuyambira kugwiritsa ntchito zida zankhondo kuti atulutse ziboliboli mpaka kumanga nyumba kuchokera ku konkire kapena matabwa okonda zachilengedwe (ku Switzerland kuli mapiri, pali zipangizo zambiri, koma izi zimati zimapha kukongola kwachilengedwe, ndipo kawirikawiri: zikuwoneka monyansa, koma ndi mtengo "wokongola" zinali zovuta).
Chachikulu apa - mu chipwirikiti cholimbikitsa kuvota kwapadziko lonse lapansi komanso padziko lonse lapansi - ndikukumbukira kuti anthu opitilira 8 miliyoni amakhala ku Switzerland ndipo kukonza mavoti pankhani iliyonse ndi ntchito yosavuta. Ndipo ndikosavuta kusonkhanitsa ziwerengero - tumizani imelo yokhala ndi mawu achinsinsi olowera ndipo mwamaliza.
Izi ndi momwe ndondomeko yosonkhanitsa ziwerengero imawonekera. Kuti muvote, muyenera kupita nokha kumalo oponyera voti, koma nzika zokha zili ndi ufulu wovota.
Mwa njira, izi ndizosavuta kwambiri ndipo zimakulolani kupanga ziwerengero zosavuta chaka chilichonse. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa anthu zaka 150 zapitazi za mbiri ya Swiss mu .
Mfundo #4: Kulembetsa usilikali ndikokakamizidwa ku Switzerland
Komabe, ntchito yokhayo sikokokera, kubweza mosalekeza ngongole ya munthu ku Motherland kuchokera kumpanda mpaka kulowa kwa dzuwa, koma msasa wovomerezeka waumoyo wa amuna mpaka zaka 45 kuphatikiza. Ndithudi, zaka 40 zoyambirira zaubwana ndizo zovuta koposa m’moyo wa mwamuna! Ngakhale abwana alibe ufulu wokana ngati wogwira ntchitoyo adayitanidwa kumisasa yophunzitsira, ndipo nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito (nthawi zambiri masabata 1-2) idzalipidwa mokwanira.
Chifukwa chiyani msasa wazachipatala? Asilikali amapita kunyumba Loweruka ndi Lamlungu ndipo amagwira ntchito pofika ola limodzi. Mwachitsanzo, pamene m’maŵa wina anabera ndege ku dziko loyandikana nalo la Italy ndi kutumizidwa ku Geneva, ndiye mwangozi (tsiku logwira ntchito kuyambira 8 koloko mpaka 6 koloko masana ndi kupuma kuyambira 12 mpaka 13 koloko masana) asilikali a ku Switzerland. .
Pali nthano yosalekeza yakuti anthu onse a ku Swiss amapatsidwa zida zoti apite nazo kwawo atagwira ntchito ya usilikali. Osati kwa aliyense, koma kwa iwo okha omwe akufuna ndipo sakupatsidwa (ndiko kuti, kwaulere), koma amagulanso pamtengo wochepa, ndipo pali zofunikira zosungirako, osati pansi pa bedi. Mwa njira, mutha kuwombera ndi chida ichi pamalo owombera ngati mukudziwa servicemen.
от : Cha m'ma 2008, adasiya kupereka zida kwa aliyense. Zofunika zosungirako zapadera (bolt osiyana) zimagwira ntchito pa zida zokha, i.e. pa ntchito yogwira. Pambuyo pa gulu lankhondo, mfutiyo imasandulika kukhala yodziwikiratu ndipo imatha kusungidwa ngati zida zina ("osapezeka kwa anthu ena"). Chotsatira chake, asilikali achangu ali ndi mfuti yamagetsi mu ambulera pakhomo, ndipo bawutiyo ili mu desiki.
Referendum yaposachedwa (onani mfundo No. 3) idzakakamiza boma la federal kuti ligwiritse ntchito miyezo ya ku Ulaya yogwiritsira ntchito zida, ndiko kuti, idzalimbitsa katundu wawo.
Kumanzere: Mfuti ya Gulu Lankhondo la Swiss (mphamvu yakupha), kumanja: kukhutitsidwa kwakuwombera kuchokera ku B-1-4 (ngati mukudziwa zomwe ndikutanthauza) aka
Mfundo nambala 5: Switzerland si tchizi, chokoleti, mipeni ndi mawotchi okha
Anthu ambiri, akamva mawu akuti Switzerland, amaganiza za tchizi (Gruyère, Ementhaler kapena Tilsiter), chokoleti (nthawi zambiri Toblerone, chifukwa amagulitsidwa popanda ntchito iliyonse), mpeni wankhondo ndi wotchi yodula kwambiri.
Ngati mukuganiza zogula wotchi (izi zikuphatikizanso mitundu monga Tissot, Balmain, Hamilton ndi ena), ndiye mpaka ma franc 1, pafupifupi mawotchi onse amapangidwa m'mafakitale omwewo ndipo kudzazidwa kwa mawotchi onse kumakhala kofanana. Pokhapokha kuchokera kumtunda wapamwamba (Rado, Longines) ndizomwe zimawonekera "chips" zina.
M'malo mwake, dongosolo la dziko ku Switzerland ndiloti matekinoloje amapangidwa ndikupangidwa mkati mwa dzikoli, zomwe zimatumizidwa kuchokera kudzikolo, chifukwa dzikolo ndi losauka pazinthu. Zitsanzo zodziwika kwambiri ndi ufa wa mkaka wa Nestlé ndi migolo yamfuti ya Oerlikon () yomwe Wehrmacht ndi Kriegsmarine anali nazo panthawi ya nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, dzikolo lili ndi zake (ABB - mphamvu, EM Microelectronic - RFID, makhadi anzeru, kuyika mawotchi anzeru, ndi zina zotero malinga ndi mtundu wazinthu), kupanga kwake kwa zigawo zovuta ndi misonkhano, msonkhano wake wa masitima apamtunda (double-decker) , mwachitsanzo, zosonkhanitsidwa pansi pa Villeneuve) ndikupitilira mndandanda. Ndipo ndikhala chete mwanzeru kuti theka labwino lamakampani opanga mankhwala lili ku Switzerland (Lonza mgulu latsopano ku Sierre, Roche ndi Novartis ku Basel ndi madera ozungulira, DeBioPharm ku Lausanne ndi Martin.и (Martigny) ndi oyambitsa ambiri ndi makampani ang'onoang'ono).
Mfundo Nambala 6: Switzerland ndi malo akale a nyengo
Switzerland idatero ndi kutentha mpaka -30 ° C, pali Sochi yawo (Montreux, Montreux), komwe mitengo ya kanjedza yobiriwira imamera mokongola ndipo ng'ombe za swans zimadya msipu, pali "zipululu" zawo (Valais), komwe chinyezi chimachokera ku 10 mpaka 30. % chaka chonse, ndi kuchuluka kwa masiku kuwala kwa chaka kuposa 320, ndipo palinso St. Petersburg, monga Geneva (ndi и ) kapena Zurich.
Tikuyembekezera Chaka Chatsopano: kukadali kotentha ku Montreux, ndipo kumapiri kuli matalala kale.
Ndizoseketsa, Switzerland ndi yotchuka chifukwa cha malo ake ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, koma mizinda yambiri sakhala ndi matalala ambiri, choncho nthawi zambiri samachotsa chipale chofewa, koma amatsegula njira ya magalimoto ndi oyenda pansi - amadikirira kuti asungunuke. Misewu ikuluikulu, ndithudi, iyenera kutsukidwa poyamba, koma kumayambiriro kwa tsiku logwira ntchito. Tsopano lingalirani mzinda wa theka la miliyoni, ngati Zurich, panthawi ya apocalypses oterowo ...
Chitsanzo ndi chipale chofewa ku Zion mu December 2017 - kugwa kwathunthu. Ngakhale siteshoni nsanja anayeretsedwa kwa masiku angapo. Zion anali wopanda mwayi kawiri mu 2017-2018 - choyamba chake , ndiyeno anamira m’chilimwe. Ngakhale labotale yathu inawonongeka. Ndipo ndikufunseni kuti muzindikire, palibe Sobyanin.
Ku Switzerland, chilichonse chimagwira ntchito ngati wotchi yeniyeni, koma chipale chofewa chikagwa, chimasanduka Italy. (c) ndi bwana wanga.
Choncho, m'nyumba iliyonse pali munthu amene ali ndi udindo woyeretsa m'deralo, nthawi zambiri concierge, pali zipangizo zosavuta zoyeretsera (mwachitsanzo, ). M'midzi, okhala ndi magalimoto akuluakulu ali ndi tsamba lapadera pa izi. Chotsani chilichonse mpaka phula kapena matailosi, apo ayi chidzasungunuka masana ndikuundana usiku. Zomwe zimalepheretsa anthu ku Russia kusonkhana pamodzi ndikuyika mayadi awo mwadongosolo, kapena kugula makina okolola ang'onoang'ono (~ 30k rubles) pazifukwa izi, zimakhalabe chinsinsi kwa ine.
Nkhani ya malo amodzi oimika magalimoto ku RussiaZinachitika kuti pafupifupi zaka 8 zapitazo ndinali ndi galimoto, ndinkaikonda kwambiri ndipo ndinanyamula fosholo, yomwe ndimagwiritsa ntchito kukumba malo anga oimikapo magalimoto. Chifukwa chake m'masiku a 1 kutali ndi bwalo losauka (ma SUV ochokera ku Mazda ndi Tuaregs ndizomwe zimachitika) ndidakumba malo oimikapo magalimoto 4 masana amodzi.
Monga momwe zilili m'maubwenzi, chilichonse chimatsimikiziridwa osati ndi ndani yemwe ali ndi ngongole kwa ndani, koma ndi zomwe mwachita kuti zikhale zosavuta komanso kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino. Muyenera kuyamba ndi nokha! Ndipo a Tuareg akugudubuzabe njira zawo pabwalo komanso kumalo oimika magalimoto ...
Mfundo Na. 7: “Ulemu” wapadziko lonse
Ndiuzeni moona mtima, ndi liti nthawi yomaliza yomwe mudati "masana abwino" ndi "zikomo" kwa ogwira ntchito? Ndipo ku Switzerland ichi ndi chizoloŵezi chofanana ndi kupuma ndi kutulutsa mpweya, zomwe zimakula m'midzi yaying'ono. Mwachitsanzo, apa pafupifupi aliyense adzayenera kunena bonjour / guten Tag / buongiorno (chabwino masana) kumayambiriro kwa kukambirana, merci / Danke / gracie (zikomo) pambuyo utumiki ndi bonne journée / Tschüss / ciao (khalani zabwino). day) potsazikana. Ndipo mu haikkas, aliyense amene mumakumana naye adzakupatsani moni - zodabwitsa!
Ndipo uyu si "hawai" waku America, pamene munthu wagwira nkhwangwa penapake pachifuwa chake kuti adule mukangotembenukira kumbuyo. Ku Switzerland, popeza dzikolo ndi laling'ono ndipo mpaka posachedwapa ndi anthu ambiri "akumidzi", aliyense amapereka moni, ngakhale, koma moona mtima kuposa ku USA.
Komabe, musasocheretsedwe ndi kuchereza alendo komanso kukoma mtima kwa a Swiss. Ndiroleni ndikukumbutseni kuti dziko lino lili ndi malamulo okhwima kwambiri okhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, omwe amaphatikizapo moyo wogwira ntchito, luso la chinenero, ndi mayeso. Wamtundu wakunja, wokonda dziko pang'ono mkati.
Mfundo Nambala 8: Mudzi wa ku Switzerland ndi wamoyo kwambiri kuposa zamoyo zonse
Chodabwitsa, koma chowonadi: ku Switzerland, mudziwu sikuti umangofa, komanso umakula ndikufalikira bwino. Mfundo apa si yokhudza zachilengedwe ndi udzu wobiriwira pomwe mbuzi ndi ng'ombe zimathamanga, koma zachuma. Popeza Switzerland ndi chitaganya, misonkho (makamaka, msonkho wa munthu) amalipidwa pano pa magawo atatu: communal (mudzi/mzinda), cantonal ("region") ndi federal. Bungwe la federal ndilofanana kwa aliyense, koma "kusokoneza" - m'lingaliro labwino la mawu - ndi zina ziwiri zimakupatsani mwayi wochepetsera misonkho ngati banja limakhala "mumudzi".
Tidzakambirana za misonkho mwatsatanetsatane mu gawo lotsatira, koma pakadali pano ndiwona kuti ngati ku Lausanne, ndiye kuti, munthu amakhala mumzinda, msonkho wokhazikika ndi ~ 25% pa munthu aliyense, ndiye kwa mudzi wina wosiyidwa canton yomweyo ya Vaud, mwachitsanzo, Mollie-Margot idzakhala ~ 15-17%. Zikuwonekeratu kuti kusiyana konseku sikungayikidwe m'thumba mwanu, chifukwa mudzayenera kusamalira nyumba nokha, kutchetcha udzu, kulipira galimoto ndikupita kukagwira ntchito mumzinda, koma mitengo ya nyumba ndi yotsika, chakudya chimakhala. okulira m'mafamu, ndipo ana amakhala ndi ufulu woyendayenda m'madambo.
Ndipo inde, ali ndi maganizo odabwitsa kwambiri pa ukwati. Nthawi zina misonkho pabanja lopanda ana imatha kupitirira kwambiri msonkho wa munthu m'modzi, kotero a Swiss sali pachangu chotere kuthamangira ku ofesi yolembetsa. Chifukwa chuma chiyenera kukhala chachuma. Iwo anachita ngakhale referendum pankhaniyi. Koma za misonkho mu gawo lotsatira.
Mayendedwe dongosolo
Nthawi zambiri, ndikosavuta kuyenda kuzungulira Switzerland pagalimoto komanso pagulu. Nthawi zoyenda nthawi zambiri zimafanana.
Sitima ndi zoyendera anthu onse
Chodabwitsa, kudziko laling'ono ngati Switzerland (derali ndi laling'ono pafupifupi 2 kuposa dera la Tver ndipo likufanana ndi dera la Moscow), maukonde oyendera njanji amangotukuka kwambiri. Tiyeni tiwonjezere pa izi mabasi a PostAuto, omwe samangopangitsa kuyenda pakati pa midzi yakutali, komanso kutumiza makalatawo. Chifukwa chake, mutha kuchoka pafupifupi kulikonse mdzikolo kupita kwina kulikonse.
Masitima apamtunda aku Swiss ndiye masitima otanganidwa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, makamaka ma deckers awiri
Kuti mukonzekere njira yanu, ingowonetsani malo onyamulira ndi komwe mukupita mu pulogalamu ya SBB. Zaka zingapo zapitazo idasinthidwa kwambiri, magwiridwe antchito adakulitsidwa, ndipo idangokhala wothandizira wamkulu poyenda kuzungulira dzikolo.
Mawu ochepa onena za mbiri ya SBBKalekale, Switzerland inali ndi makampani ambiri apadera omwe amamanga, kuyendetsa ndi kuyendetsa kayendetsedwe ka anthu ndi katundu pakati pa mizinda. Komabe, chikhalidwe cha capitalism (m'malo ena sakanatha kuvomerezana mwa iwo okha, mwa ena adakwera mtengo, ndi zina zotero) chinatha kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XNUMX ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa malo ogwirizanitsa boma - SBB, omwe mofulumira kwambiri. anapulumutsa "eni ogwira" ku mavuto ambiri ndi mutu , nationalizing onse onyamula njanji.
Masiku ano, zotsalira za "zapamwamba" zakale zikhoza kuwonetsedwa mu kuchuluka kwa makampani "othandizira" omwe akugwira ntchito zoyendera (MOB, BLS, etc.) ndipo amajambula masitima amitundu yosiyanasiyana kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake. Komabe, amangogwira ntchito zamayendedwe akumaloko, ndipo SBB imalamulirabe chilichonse padziko lonse lapansi.
Nthawi yomweyo ndikufuna kujambula kufanana: SBB ndi analogue ya Russian Russian Railways, koma izi sizowona kwathunthu. SBB ndi "superbrain" yopangidwa kuti ichepetse ndikuwongolera zonyamula anthu m'chigawo chilichonse, pomwe Russian Railways ili ndi mawonekedwe ovuta kwambiri, pomwe magalimoto amayendetsedwa ndi ena, ma network olumikizana ndi ena, ndi njira ya ena. Chifukwa chake, mu lingaliro langa, mavuto a kulumikizana kwathu kwa njanji.
Transport ku Switzerland ndi yokwera mtengo kwambiri. Mukangogula matikiti pamakina popanda zanzeru zapadera, mutha kukhala opanda mathalauza m'lingaliro lenileni la mawuwo! Mwachitsanzo, tikiti yochokera ku Lausanne kupita ku Zurich idzagula ~ 75 francs mu kalasi yachiwiri njira imodzi kwa maola a 2, kotero pafupifupi anthu onse a ku Switzerland ali ndi matikiti a nyengo (AG, chigawo chodutsa, demi-tariff, ndi zina zotero). Abwenzi omwe amagwira ntchito ku SBB amanena kuti chiwerengero cha matikiti amitundu yosiyanasiyana chimafika mpaka chikwi! Pamodzi ndi pulogalamu ya SBB, khadi yapadziko lonse ya RFID idayambitsidwa - , yomwe si njira yamagetsi yokha ya makadi oyendayenda, koma mungagwiritse ntchito kuwombola tikiti yanthawi zonse kapena tikiti yokwera ski. Ambiri, yabwino kwambiri!
Kungoyerekeza za mtengo wa matikiti kapena kodi demi-tariff ikukhudzana bwanji nazoIMHO, SBB imapanga kusuntha kwa Knight: kuwerengera mtengo wopuma-ngakhale wa matikiti, ndikuwonjezera 10%, ndikuchulukitsa ndi 2 kuti anthu agule khadi la demi-tariff la 180 francs pachaka. Lolani 1 miliyoni mwamakhadiwa azigulitsidwa pachaka (anthu pafupifupi 8 miliyoni), chifukwa ena amayenda kudutsa m'magawo, ena kudzera kwa AG. Pazonse, tili ndi ma franc 180 miliyoni kunja kwa buluu.
Izi zimathandizidwanso chifukwa mu 2017 SBB idayamba kugwira ntchito , omwe adagawidwa kwa eni ake a makadi osiyanasiyana a SBB mu mawonekedwe a mabonasi, komanso amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa mtengo wa matikiti kunja kwa maola apamwamba.
Pali mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana ochotsera achinyamata, mwachitsanzo, Voie 7 kapena Gleis 7 - mpaka zaka 25 (muyenera kulembetsa kukonzanso tsiku limodzi tsiku lanu lobadwa lisanafike), mutha kuyitanitsa khadi iyi kwa ~ 1-150 kuwonjezera pa khadi lamtengo wapatali (demi-tariff). Zimakulolani kuti muyende pamasitima onse (mabasi, zombo ndi zoyendera za anthu onse osaphatikizidwa) pambuyo pa 170pm (inde, 7-19)ziro-ziro,Karl! 18-59 sichiwerengera!). Njira yabwino kuti wophunzira ayende kuzungulira dziko.
Komabe, pamene nkhaniyi inali kulembedwa, mapu awa ndikuwonetsa ina, Seven25, yomwe mtengo wake wakula kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, SBB imagawa kumadera Aka mizinda ndi midzi ili ndi zomwe zimatchedwa matikiti atsiku (carte journaliere). Aliyense wokhala mdera linalake ali ndi ufulu wolandira matikiti angapo chaka chonse. Mtengo, kuchuluka ndi kuthekera kogula ndizosiyana pagawo lililonse ndipo zimatengera kuchuluka kwa okhalamo.
от : zimangodalira kuchuluka kwa okhalamo (omwe akupezeka poyera patsamba la SBB), ndipo okhala mumsonkhanowo amasankha okha pa msonkhano waukulu kuti atenge nawo mbali kapena ayi, ndipo ngati atenga nawo gawo, ndiye kuti angagulitse tikiti kwa anthu okhala kwawo zingati. .
Zitsanzo za carte journaliere ndi momwe mungapezereM'dera la Geneve (mzinda waukulu) matikiti 20-30 azipezeka tsiku lililonse, koma amawononga 45 CHF, yomwe ndi yokwera mtengo kwambiri.
M'dera la Préverenges (mudzi) padzakhala matikiti 1-2 patsiku, koma amawononga ma franc 30-35.
Komanso, zofunikira za zikalata zogulira izi zikusintha kuchokera ku commune kupita ku commune: m'malo ena ID ndi yokwanira, koma m'malo ena muyenera kutsimikizira kukhala pa adilesi, mwachitsanzo, bweretsani ndalama kuchokera kukampani yamagetsi. kapena pafoni.
Sitima ya Belle époque pamzere wa Golden Pass pakati pa Montreux ndi Lucerne
Ndipo inde, ndiyenera kunena kuti SBB yonse imadutsa, kupatulapo kawirikawiri, imaphimba zoyendera zamadzi, zomwe zimakhala zambiri panyanja iliyonse ya Swiss. Kotero, mwachitsanzo, kwa zaka zingapo tsopano takhala tikuyenda mozungulira nyanja ya Geneva ndi tchizi ndi vinyo pa sitima zapamwamba za Belle époque.
Chidziwitso cha akatswiri achiwembu (za Huawei)Zachidziwikire, kuti muwone matikiti muyenera wowerenga. Wowerenga kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi - NFC mu foni yamakono. Zaka zingapo zapitazo, oyendetsa sitimayo ankanyamula mafoni a m'manja a Samsung, amanena kuti amachepetsa mofulumira ndipo nthawi zina amangozizira, ndipo kwa "woyendetsa galimoto" zinali ngati imfa - osayang'ana ndondomeko, kapena kuthandizira. omwe akusowa ndi ma transfer. Zotsatira zake, tidasintha kukhala Huawei - chilichonse chimagwira ntchito bwino, sichichedwa, ngati mukudziwa zomwe ndikutanthauza ...
Ndipo ngakhale popanda ma network a 5G ...
Sitima yapamadzi ya Belle époque pakati pa Montreux ndi Lausanne
Zombo zina zikadali ndi injini ya nthunzi mkati mwake!
Ngakhale SBB ikukula mwachangu kwambiri (zomangamanga zatsopano, digito, kuphatikiza ma boardboard - posachedwa sipadzakhala zotsalira zakale, sitima yapamtunda yapawiri ku Valais, ndi zina zotero), kutsalira kowoneka bwino, komanso kopitilira muyeso. -Zamakono zitha kukhala limodzi ndi zakale kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, masitima apadera a mafani, mafani azaka za m'ma 70 okhala ndi "zimbudzi zamtundu wa mphamvu yokoka" (c). Ngakhale masitima apamtunda ochokera ku Zurich kupita ku Chur (IC3) ali ngati izi, osasiyapo sitima yopita ku Davos, komwe magalimoto ena ndi akale ndipo ena ndi amakono.
Zidule ndi ma hacks amoyo kuchokera ku SBB kwa owerenga mwachidwi
- Ngati mukuyenda ku Switzerland mu kalasi yachiwiri ndipo muyenera kugwira ntchito, kapena pali anthu ambiri ndipo mukufuna "kupuma," mumangokhala m'galimoto yodyera, kuyitanitsa mowa kapena khofi wa 6 francs ndikusangalala ndi chitonthozo. Tsoka ilo, pamizere ya IC yokha, osati yonse. Ndipotu mbali ina ya nkhaniyi inalembedwa m’malesitilanti otere.
- SBB ili ndi pulogalamu , pamene mungagule tikiti ndi ski pamtengo wotsika. Kwenikweni, mpaka posachedwa idagwira ntchito ndi makhadi osiyanasiyana oyendayenda, mwachitsanzo, AG. M'malo mwake, -10-15% yamtengo wodutsa ski.
- Pamsewu wa GoldenPass (MOB) pali mitundu itatu ya ngolo: zonse, panoramic ndi Belle époque. Ndikwabwino kusankha awiri omaliza kapena kungoti Belle époque.
- Pulogalamu ya SBB ndiyosavuta kugula matikiti. Nthawi zina pamasiteshoni pamakhala mzere wokwera pamakina, ndipo kupezeka kwa pulogalamu yotereyi ndi chithandizo chachikulu. Mwa njira, mutha kugula tikiti kwa aliyense woyenda nanu.
Car vs public transport
Ili ndi funso loyaka moto ndipo mwina palibe yankho losavuta kwa ilo. M'mawu amtengo wapatali, kukhala ndi galimoto ndikokwera mtengo kwambiri: 3 francs pachaka kwa AG wachiwiri, ndipo kukwera kwa magalimoto kumachitika nthawi zambiri (mwachitsanzo, m'nyengo yozizira aliyense amayenda ndi skis kuchokera ku Valais kupita ku Lausanne ndi Geneva, kuchulukana kwa magalimoto kumayambira 500. -20 Km) kapena masoka ena, monga ku Zermatt m'nyengo yozizira ya 30/2017 (chifukwa cha mvula yamkuntho, magalimoto anali opuwala kwathunthu kwa sabata).
Ndi galimoto: kulipira inshuwalansi (yofanana ndi OSAGO, CASCO, TUV inshuwalansi, yomwe imapereka chithandizo chaumisiri, ndi zina zotero), kuponyera ndalama pa petulo, kuwonongeka kulikonse kwakung'ono kumasanduka kufunafuna ndi kuwononga bajeti.
Ndipo inde, malangizo kwa apaulendo: mukalowa Switzerland, muyenera kugula otchedwa vignette (~ 40 francs), amene amakupatsani ufulu kuyenda pa misewu ikuluikulu m'chaka cha kalendala - mtundu wa msonkho msewu. Ngati mukulowa mumsewu waukulu wotere, khalani okonzeka kuti akukakamizeni kugula vignette polowera. Choncho, ngati mwabwereka galimoto ku France ndipo anaganiza kuti asiye ku Geneva kwa tsiku, ndi bwino kupeza msewu waung'ono kuwoloka malire.
Komabe, ndikuwonetsa magulu atatu pomwe yankho liri lomveka bwino:
- Ophunzira ndi ophunzira osakwana zaka 25, omwe ~ 350 francs ali ndi makadi awiri (demi-tariff ndi voie7) ndipo amatha kuyenda mosavuta pakati pa mizinda ikuluikulu.
- Anthu osakwatiwa omwe amakhala ndikugwira ntchito m'mizinda ikuluikulu. Ndiko kuti, safunikira kuyenda kupita ndi kuchokera kuntchito tsiku lililonse kuchokera kumudzi wina wakutali, kumene basi imafika kangapo m’mawa ndi kangapo madzulo.
- Wokwatiwa ndi ana - osachepera galimoto imodzi pa banja ndi zofunika.
Kumbali ina, mnzanga wa ku Geneva ali ndi galimoto chifukwa kuyenda mozungulira pakati pa mzinda ndi zoyendera za anthu ndi nthawi yambiri, ndipo n'zosavuta kufika kuntchito mu mphindi 15 mumsewu wa mphete.
Ndipo posachedwa, pali okwera njinga ochulukirachulukira, ma scooterists ndi okwera njinga m'misewu. Izi ndichifukwa choti kuyimitsidwa kwa ma scooters / njinga zamoto nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwaulere ndipo pali ambiri omwe amwazikana kuzungulira mzindawo.
Zosangalatsa komanso zosangalatsa
Kodi mungasangalale bwanji mukatanganidwa chonchi, koma nthawi yopuma pantchito? Kodi nthawi yopuma imakhala yotani?
Pulogalamu yachikhalidwe: zisudzo, malo osungiramo zinthu zakale, makonsati ndi makanema
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi chinthu chachikulu - ma dialectics a chikhalidwe cha Switzerland. Kumbali imodzi, dzikolo lili pakatikati pa Europe pamzere wa misewu yochokera ku Italy kupita ku Germany komanso kuchokera ku France kupita ku Austria, ndiko kuti, ojambula amikwingwirima ndi mitundu yonse amatha kuyimitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, ma Swiss ndi zosungunulira: 50-100 francs tikiti yopita ku chochitika ndi mtengo wamba, monga kupita kumalo odyera. Komano, msika wokha ndi wochepa - anthu 8 miliyoni okha (~ 2-3 miliyoni makasitomala angathe). Choncho, pali zochitika zambiri zachikhalidwe, koma nthawi zambiri pamakhala 1-2 zoimbaimba kapena zisudzo m'mizinda ikuluikulu (Geneva, Bern, Zurich, Basel) mu Switzerland.
Izi zikutsatira kuti aku Swiss amakonda "zaluso" zawo, monga konsati ya ophunzira , yomwe imachitikira ku EPFL, kapena mitundu yonse ya zikondwerero (chikondwerero cha masika, Tsiku la St. Patrick, ndi zina zotero), momwe zisudzo zamasewera am'deralo (nthawi zina ngakhale virtuoso) zimachita nawo.
Tsoka ilo, zaluso zachikhalidwe zakumalo monga zisudzo, mwachitsanzo, ndizodziwika bwino komanso zodziwika bwino - kwa akatswiri komanso katswiri wazolankhula.
Nthawi zina pamakhala zochitika zokhala ndi zenizeni zaku Swiss, monga nyimbo zamagulu mu Lausanne Cathedral yokhala ndi makandulo masauzande ambiri. Chochitika chamtunduwu ndi chaulere, kapena tikiti yolowera imawononga pafupifupi ma franc 10-15.
Makandulo 3700, komabe.
Popeza chikhalidwe cha ku Switzerland ndi chikhalidwe cha alimi (alimi, abusa) ndi amisiri osiyanasiyana, zochitika apa ndi zoyenera. Mwachitsanzo, kutsika ndi kukwera kwa ng'ombe m'mapiri, mapanga amapitilira (masiku otsegulira opangira vinyo) kapena chikondwerero chachikulu chopangira vinyo - (yomaliza inali kwinakwake koyambirira kwa 90s, ndipo tsopano ikhala mu Julayi 2019).
Ng'ombe zotsika m'dzinja kuchokera kumapiri a Neuchatel
Nthawi zina zochitika zoterezi zimatha usiku
Pali malo osungiramo zinthu zakale, koma khalidwe lawo limasiyanso zofunikira. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kuyenda momasuka mozungulira nyumba yosungiramo zidole ku Basel m'maola angapo, ndipo tikiti imawononga pafupifupi ma franc 10.
Kalasi ya alchemists achichepere ku Puppet Museum ku Basel
Ndipo ngati mukufuna kupita ndikupita ku mineralogical and zoological museums, ndalama zosungiramo ndalama, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale za cantonal, komanso kusilira malo osungiramo zojambulajambula, ndiye kuti muyenera kulipira ma franc 35. от : kamodzi pamwezi mutha kuyendera malo osungiramo zinthu zakale osiyanasiyana kwaulere (osachepera ku Lausanne).
Kuphatikiza apo, nyumbayi imakhala ndi laibulale ya University of Lausanne, kotero mutha kulingalira za mtundu wanji wa "Hermitage" womwe ukukuyembekezerani. Chifukwa chake, ngati ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale munyumba yachifumu, simuyenera kudikirira zojambula zazaka za zana la 14; ngati ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale zamakhoma, simuyenera kudikirira kusonkhanitsa kwa Armory Chamber kapena Diamond Fund, ndikwabwino kutero. yang'anani kwambiri pamlingo wa nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale.
Ryumin Palace pa Place Ripon ku Lausanne.
Inde, Lausanne imatchedwa likulu la Olimpiki, IOC, mabungwe osiyanasiyana apadziko lonse ndi zina zotero zili pano, ndipo motero, pali malo osungiramo zinthu zakale a Olympic komwe mungathe kuwona momwe, mwachitsanzo, miyuni yasintha m'zaka zapitazi kapena kumva. Nostalgic kwa Mishka-80.
Masewera a Olimpiki Padziko Lonse ku Lausanne
Mwachidule za kanema. Ndizosangalatsa kuti makanema nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ndi zilembo zoyambilira komanso mawu am'munsi muchilankhulo chimodzi chovomerezeka ku Switzerland.
Chigawo cha Russia ndi zochitika
Mwa njira, posachedwapa anayamba kunyamula ojambula Russian ndi mafilimu Russian ambiri (pa nthawi ina anabweretsa Leviathan ndi Fool ndi dubbing Russian). Ngati kukumbukira kwanga kumanditumikira molondola, ndiye kuti ballet yaku Russia idabweretsedwa ku Geneva.
Kuphatikiza apo, anthu ambiri aku Russia nthawi zambiri amakonzekera zochitika zawo: izi zimaphatikizapo masewera a "What? Kuti? Liti?”, Mafia, ndi malo ophunzirira (mwachitsanzo, ), ndi zochitika monga "Immortal Regiment", yokonzedwa ndi odzipereka mothandizidwa ndi dipatimenti ya consular, "Total Dictation" ndi "Soladsky Halt" ndi .
Kuphatikiza apo, pali magulu ambiri pa FB ndi VK (nthawi zina ndi omvera mpaka anthu 10), momwe mfundo yodzipangira yokha imagwira ntchito: ngati mukufuna kukumana, kudutsa, kukonza chochitika, mumayika tsiku. ndi nthawi. Amene ankafuna anabwera. Ambiri, aliyense kukoma ndi mtundu.
Zosangalatsa zapanja zanyengo
Tsopano, tiyeni tiwone zomwe mungachite kuti musangalale ndi nyengo ku Switzerland kupatula miyambo yachikhalidwe.
Chiyambi cha chaka ndi dzinja. Monga ndanenera pamwambapa, Switzerland ndi yotchuka chifukwa cha malo ake ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, omwe alipo ambiri amwazikana kumapiri a Alps. Pali malo otsetsereka ang'onoang'ono a 20-30 km, omwe ndi ofanana ndi kukwera kumodzi kapena awiri, ndipo pali zimphona zamakilomita mazana angapo zokhala ndi zonyamula zambiri, monga zigwa 4 (kuphatikiza zotchuka. ), Saas Valley (yodziwika kwambiri pakati pawo ndi ), kapena ena .
Nthawi zambiri malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi amatsegulidwa kumapeto kwa Disembala, kuyambira Januware, kutengera kuchuluka kwa chipale chofewa chomwe chagwa, kotero pafupifupi sabata iliyonse kuyambira Januware mpaka kumapeto kwa February amaperekedwa ku skiing kumapiri, nsapato za chipale chofewa, ndi skiing skiing.Aka tubing) ndi zosangalatsa zina zamapiri ndi nyengo yozizira.
Villars-sur-Gryon patangotha masiku awiri a chipale chofewa
Mwa njira, palibe amene adaletsa kutsetsereka kwapadziko lonse (pali njira yaulere kapena pafupifupi yaulere pafupifupi m'midzi yonse yamapiri), komanso kusewera pamadzi (ena m'mapiri, ndi ena m'nyumba zachifumu za ayezi m'mizinda momwe) .
Mitengo yatsiku limodzi yotsetsereka imachokera ku 30 (malo ang'onoang'ono kapena ovuta kufikako) mpaka pafupifupi ma franc zana (98 kukhala ndendende ya Zermatt ndi kuthekera kosamukira ku Italy). Komabe, mutha kupulumutsa kwambiri ngati mutagula ziphaso pasadakhale - miyezi iwiri kapena itatu pasadakhale, kapena miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pasadakhale. Momwemonso ndi mahotela (ngati ndondomeko ndikukhala m'chigwa chimodzi kwa masiku angapo), zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafunika kusungitsa miyezi ingapo pasadakhale.
Onani Malipiro a Saas kuchokera ku Saas Grund
Ponena za kubwereketsa zida, malo: kwa skiing kumapiri - nthawi zambiri 50-70 francs patsiku, kudutsa dziko - pafupifupi 20-30. Zomwe sizitsika mtengo, mwachitsanzo, m'dziko loyandikana nalo la France zida zapamadzi zimawononga pafupifupi ma euro 25-30 (~ 40 francs). Choncho, tsiku la skiing, kuphatikizapo kuyenda ndi chakudya, likhoza kuwononga 100-150 francs. Chifukwa chake, atayesa, otsetsereka kapena okwera amabwereka zida zanyengo (200-300 francs) kapena kugula zawo (pafupifupi 1000 francs).
Masika ndi nthawi ya kusatsimikizika. Kumbali imodzi, kale mu Marichi m'mapiri, kusefukira kwamapiri kumasandulika kukhala kusefukira kwamadzi, kumakhala kotentha kwambiri, ndipo kusefukira sikumakhala kosangalatsa. Ndizosangalatsa kumwa mowa pansi pa mtengo wa kanjedza - inde.
Mu April pali Isitala yodabwitsa (masiku 4 kumapeto kwa sabata), yomwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito popita kwinakwake. Nthawi zambiri kumapeto kwa Epulo kumakhala kotentha kwambiri kotero kuti marathons oyamba amachitikira. от : kwa amene amakonda kudya .
Inde, ngati mukuganiza kuti 10 kapena 20 km si kanthu, moyo umafuna kukula, ndiye mukhoza kuyesa. . Pa mpikisano uwu, simuyenera kuphimba mtunda wa makilomita 26, komanso kukwera mamita 3000 pamwamba pa nyanja. Mu 2018, mbiri ya akazi inali 2 maola 46 mphindi, amuna - 2 maola 26 mphindi.
Timathamanga nthawi zina
M'mwezi wa Meyi, zomwe zimatchedwa mapanga zimatuluka kapena masiku achipinda chotseguka amayamba, mutalipira ma franc 10-15-20 pagalasi lokongola, mutha kuyenda pakati pa opanga vinyo (omwe amasunga "mapanga" omwewo) ndikulawa. izo. Dera lodziwika kwambiri ndi zomwe zili pansi pa chitetezo cha UNESCO. Mwa njira, ma distilleries ena ali pamtunda wolemekezeka, kotero mutha kuyenda bwino pakati pawo.
Minda yamphesa ya Lavaux yomweyo
Ku Ticino (kanton yekha wa ku Italy), amanena ngakhale kupezeka. Sindikudziwa za njinga, koma kumapeto kwa tsiku ndizovuta kuyimirira pamapazi anu.
Pa zokometsera zotere, mutha kugula vinyo kuti mugwiritse ntchito m'tsogolo poyika dongosolo loyenera pomwepo ndi wopanga vinyo.
Kanemayu ndi 18+, ndipo m'maiko ena ngakhale 21+
Mutha kuyamba kuyenda mu Meyi Aka kukwera mapiri, koma nthawi zambiri sipamwamba kuposa mamita 1000-1500. Njira iliyonse yoyenda ndi kusintha kokwera, pafupifupi nthawi yoyenda, zovuta, zoyendera zapagulu zitha kuwonedwa patsamba lapadera - . Mwachitsanzo, pafupi ndi Montreux pali zabwino kwambiri , amene Leo Tolstoy ankakonda, ndi pamene daffodils pachimake.
Ma daffodils oyera akuphuka m'mapiri ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa!
Chilimwe: kukwera-kukwera-kukwera ndi zosangalatsa zina za m'nyanja. Miyezi yonse yachilimwe imapereka kukwera kwamapiri kwautali wosiyanasiyana, zovuta komanso kusintha kwa kukwera. Zili ngati kusinkhasinkha: mutha kuyendayenda kwa nthawi yayitali m'njira yopapatiza yamapiri komanso mwakachetechete wamapiri. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi, njala ya okosijeni, kupsinjika, kuphatikizidwa ndi malingaliro aumulungu ndi mwayi wabwino kwambiri woyambitsanso ubongo.
Kusintha kuchokera ku Zermatt kupita ku mlatho woyimitsidwa wa theka la kilomita
Mwa njira, musaganize kuti kukwera mapiri ndizovuta kwambiri kukwera ndi kutsika; nthawi zina njirayo imadutsa m'nyanja momwe mungathe kusambira.
Nyanja. 2000 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja. Pakati pa July.
Popeza olankhula Chirasha amalemekeza kwambiri shish kebab-mashlyk, pafupifupi kamodzi pamwezi pamphepete mwa nyanja timakonzekera tsiku la mapuloteni ndi mafuta. Chabwino, pamene wina abweretsa gitala, madzulo amoyo sangapewedwe.
Ndikoyenera kuzindikira mbali ziwiri apa: kumbali imodzi, mzindawu umapanga zotengera pafupi ndi malo opangira nyama, komano, akuluakulu a mzindawo amaika ndi kukonzekeretsa malo oterowo. Mwachitsanzo, .
Zosangalatsa zina ziwiri zachilimwe ndi mabwato / matiresi okwera pamitsinje ya "mapiri" (odziwika kwambiri kuchokera ku Thun kupita ku Bern), komanso mabwato osangalatsa achilimwe panyanja zambiri ku Switzerland.
Pafupi ndi mtsinje wamapiri pa liwiro la 10-15 km pa ola mutha kuyenda kuchokera ku Thun kupita ku Bern m'maola 4.
Pa tsiku loyamba la Ogasiti, dziko la Switzerland limakondwerera kukhazikitsidwa kwa dzikolo ndi zozimitsa moto ndi moto wozungulira nyanjayi. Lamlungu lachiwiri la Ogasiti, matumba a ndalama a Genevan amathandizira Grand Feu de Geneve, pomwe zikwizikwi za zozimitsa moto zimaphulika kwa ola la 1 motsagana ndi nyimbo.
Kanema wathunthu wa 4K kuyambira chaka chatha
Nyengo yophukira ndi nyengo yapakati pakati pa chilimwe ndi chisanu. Nyengo yosamvetsetseka kwambiri ku Switzerland, chifukwa zikuwoneka ngati mukufuna kale kutsetsereka pambuyo pa chilimwe chotentha, koma sipadzakhala chisanu mpaka December.
September akadali chilimwe pang'ono. Mutha kupitiliza pulogalamu yachilimwe ndikuchita nawo marathons. Koma kale pakati pa mwezi wa October nyengo imayamba kuwonongeka kwambiri moti zimakhala zovuta kukonzekera kalikonse. Ndipo mu Novembala nyengo yachiwiri yotsegulira zosungirako imayamba, ndiko kuti, kumwa chifukwa cholakalaka chilimwe.
Zakudya zachikhalidwe ndi zakudya zapadziko lonse lapansi
Ndikoyeneranso kunena mawu ochepa okhudza zakudya ndi zakudya zakumaloko. Ngati masitolo akufotokozedwa mu , ndiye apa ndikufuna kufotokoza zenizeni za zakudya zakumaloko mwachidule.
Nthawi zambiri, chakudyacho ndi chapamwamba komanso chokoma, ngati simugula chotsika mtengo kwambiri ku Dener. Komabe, monga munthu aliyense waku Russia, ndimasowa zinthu zaku Russia - buckwheat, oats wamba (nyumba ya amonke, yoyipa, chifukwa chilichonse chimapangidwa kuti chitha kuphikidwa ndi madzi otentha), tchizi chanyumba (mwina DIY, kapena muyenera kukonzekera). osakaniza kanyumba tchizi ndi Serac kuchokera Migros), marshmallows ndi zina zotero
Nkhani ya buckwheat imodziMunthu wina wa ku Swiss, ataona kuti mtsikana wa ku Russia akudya buckwheat, adanena kuti adadabwa kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri amadyetsa akavalo ake ndi buckwheat, osati mtsikanayo. Nthawi zambiri wobiriwira. Oga, wodabwitsa waku Swiss ...
Zakudya zachikhalidwe zaku SwissAka Zakudya za Alpine) pazifukwa zina zochokera ku tchizi ndi zakudya zakumaloko (soseji, mbatata ndi masamba ena) - fondue, raclette ndi rösti.
Fondue ndi poto la tchizi losungunuka lomwe mumalowetsamo chilichonse chomwe sichimatha.
Raclette ndi tchizi chomwe chimasungunuka mu zigawo. Posachedwapa .
Pulogalamu yaulere mu raclette yopangidwa ndi nzika zaku Swiss pa Masewera a Olimpiki a Chilimwe mu labotale yathu. Ogasiti 2016.
Rösti ndi mbale ya "kusagwirizana" pakati pa zigawo za Germany ndi French ku Switzerland, zomwe zimapatsa dzina lake kumalire osavomerezeka pakati pa zigawo ziwiri za dziko - zomwe zatchulidwa kale. .
Kupanda kutero, zakudyazo sizosiyana kwambiri ndi oyandikana nawo: burgers, pizza, pasitala, soseji, nyama yokazinga - zidutswa ndi zidutswa zochokera ku Ulaya konse. Koma chomwe chili chosangalatsa komanso choseketsa - sindikudziwa chifukwa chake - malo odyera aku Asia (Chinese, Japan ndi Thai) ndi otchuka kwambiri ku Switzerland.
Mndandanda wachinsinsi wamalesitilanti abwino kwambiri ku Lausanne (ngati ungakhale wothandiza kwa wina)Ng'ombe yamphongo
Wokha Royal
Ndidyeni
La crêperie la chandeleur
Mafumu atatu
Che dzu
Bleu lézard
Le cinq
Elephant blanc
Tiyi wabuluu
Cafe du grancy
Zithunzi za Movenpic
Aribang
Ichi ban
Mphesa d'or
Zooburger
Taco taco
Chalet
Pinte bessoin
Asitikali ochepa a "Soviet" ku Swiss Confederation
Ndipo, potsiriza, ndikofunikira kufotokoza zomwe zidzachitike mwanjira ina kapena yimzake mumsewu wamapiri a Swiss Confederation.
Kuphatikiza kwakukulu, ndithudi, kungaganizidwe kusiyana kwa chikhalidwe ndi dziko pano: Chitata, Kazakhs, Caucasus, Ukrainians, Belarusians ndi Balts - pali ambiri a iwo padziko lonse lapansi. Chifukwa chake, maholide a borscht, dumplings kapena pilaf weniweni wokongoletsedwa ndi vinyo waku Georgia ndizochitika zamitundu yonse.
Tiyeni titchule magulu akuluakulu (mu zikwapu zolimba, kunena kwake) a gulu lochepa la asilikali a Soviet (95% anabadwira m'dziko lino) mu Swiss Confederation mu chiwerengero chotsika. Pakati pa anzanga pali pafupifupi magulu onse omwe ali pansipa.
Choyamba, anthu ambiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito intaneti ali m'gulu la "yazhmothers". Azimayi omwe anasamukira ku Switzerland, atakwatiwa ndi nzika ya ku Switzerland, amakambirana mwakhama mavuto a "ana" awo, amagawana komwe angapeze cosmetologist ndi wojambula wodzoladzola, komanso amafunsa mafunso ochititsa chidwi a la "N'chifukwa chiyani mwamuna waku Russia ali bwino / woipa kuposa Swiss? munthu?” Palinso amayi apakhomo akatswiri omwe amayendetsa magulu athunthu pa FB ndi VK. Amakhala m'magulu ndi mabwalo awa, kupanga mabwenzi, kukhumudwa komanso kumenyana. Tsoka ilo, popanda iwo, maguluwa sakanakhalako nkomwe, ndipo sipakanakhala zoyenera kukopa mamembala atsopano. Palibe munthu - mawu chabe.
Chachiwiri, ophunzira, ophunzira omaliza maphunziro ndi anthu ena omwe adasamutsidwa kwakanthawi kupita kugawo la Switzerland. Amabwera kudzaphunzira, nthawi zina amakhala kuti azigwira ntchito mwapadera, ngati ali ndi mwayi (onani. za ntchito). Ophunzira amakhala ndi maphwando ndi zochitika za ophunzira, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimabwera ndi anthu ochokera padziko lonse lapansi. Zikuwoneka kwa ine kuti ili ndilo gulu losangalala kwambiri, chifukwa ali ndi mwayi ndi nthawi osati kungogwira ntchito, komanso kukhala ndi mpumulo wabwino. Koma siziri ndendende!
Chachitatu, ochokera kumayiko ena omwe adabwera mdziko muno ngati akatswiri ochita bwino. Nthawi zambiri samawona chilichonse koma ntchito, amakhala otanganidwa ndi ntchito zawo ndipo samawoneka kawirikawiri pazochitika wamba. Tsoka ilo, chiwerengero chawo ndi chochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi magulu awiri apitawa.
Chachinayi, ofunafuna kosatha a moyo wabwino omwe amatha kupanga ntchito imodzi yofufuza ntchito yokhala ndi zolakwika zambiri za galamala ndikudikirira kuti wina awagwiritse ntchito. Ndiroleni ndikukumbutseninso: a Swiss ndi okonda dziko pang'ono pankhaniyi, kumanja ndi kumanzere, samapereka zilolezo kwa aliyense.
Chachisanu, chatsopano komanso osati Chirasha kwambiri, Aka "Oligarchs" omwe ali ndi malo osungirako ndege ku Switzerland.
Zimakhala zovuta kusonkhanitsa anthu ambiri osiyanasiyana, koma patchuthi ndi zochitika zosangalatsa zomwe tonsefe timakumana nazo - Tsiku Lopambana, Chaka Chatsopano kapena barbecue-mashlyk panyanja - mpaka anthu 50-60 ndi otheka.
Pitani ku migodi komwe mchere wa tebulo umakumbidwa m'tawuni ya Bex
Tipitilizebe pankhani yazachuma pankhaniyi...
PS: Pakuwunikiranso zolembedwazo, ndemanga zamtengo wapatali ndi zokambirana, chiyamikiro changa chachikulu ndi chiyamikiro chikupita kwa Anna, Albert (), Yura ndi Sasha.
PPS: Mphindi yotsatsa. Pokhudzana ndi zamakono zamakono, ndikufuna kunena kuti Moscow State University ikutsegula sukulu yokhazikika chaka chino (ndipo wakhala akuphunzitsa kwa zaka 2 kale!) Pali mwayi wophunzira Chitchaina, komanso kulandira madipuloma a 2 nthawi imodzi (zapadera za IT kuchokera ku Moscow State University Computing ndi Mathematics Complex zilipo). Mutha kudziwa zambiri za yunivesite, mayendedwe ndi mwayi kwa ophunzira .
Kanema kuti amveke bwino za chipwirikiti chomwe chikuchitika:
Source: www.habr.com