Pa njira zisanu zoyambirira zomwe zafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi Talumikiza magawo atatu akutali ndi netiweki yeniyeni. Imodzi yomwe ili mu network network, ena awiriwo ali mu ma DC awiri osiyana.
Izi sizinatenge nthawi yochuluka, ngakhale kuti mfundo zonsezi zinawonjezeredwa pa intaneti imodzi ndi imodzi. Koma bwanji ngati mukufuna kulumikiza osati chimodzi chokha, koma node zonse pa netiweki thupi ZeroTier pafupifupi network? Ntchitoyi inandichitikira tsiku lina pamene ndinadabwa ndi nkhani yokonzekera kupeza kuchokera pa intaneti kupita ku makina osindikizira ndi rauta.
Ndinayesa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, koma sizinali zofulumira komanso zosavuta kulikonse. Mwachitsanzo, chosindikizira cha netiweki - simungathe kungochilumikiza. Mikrotik - ZeroTier sichikuthandizira. Zoyenera kuchita? Pambuyo pa googling kwambiri ndikusanthula zida, ndidafika pozindikira kuti ndikofunikira kukonza mlatho wa netiweki.
Network Bridge (komanso mlatho kuchokera ku Chingerezi Bridge) ndi chipangizo chachiwiri chamtundu wa OSI, chopangidwa kuti chiphatikize magawo (ma subnet) a netiweki yamakompyuta kukhala netiweki imodzi.
Ndikufuna kugawana nawo nkhani ya momwe ndidapangira izi m'nkhaniyi..
Zimatengera chiyani kuti timange mlatho ...
Poyamba, ine, monga woyang'anira, ndimayenera kusankha kuti ndi node iti pamaneti yomwe ingakhale ngati mlatho. Nditaphunzira zomwe mungasankhe, ndinazindikira kuti ikhoza kukhala chipangizo chilichonse cha kompyuta chomwe chili ndi mphamvu yokonza mlatho pakati pa maukonde. Itha kukhala ngati rauta - chipangizo kapena , komanso seva yokhazikika kapena kompyuta.
Poyamba, ndithudi, ndinaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito rauta ndi OpenWRT pa bolodi. Koma chifukwa chakuti Mikrotik yomwe ilipo imandikwanira kwathunthu, ngakhale sichigwirizana ndi kusakanikirana ndi ZeroTier, ndipo sindikufuna kupotoza ndi "kuvina ndi maseche," ndinaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito kompyuta ngati mlatho wa intaneti. Mwakutero, Raspberry Pi 3 Model B yolumikizidwa nthawi zonse ndi netiweki yakuthupi yomwe ikuyenda ndi mtundu waposachedwa wa Raspbian, OS yochokera pa Debian Buster.
Kuti athe kukonza mlatho, mawonekedwe amodzi a netiweki omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mautumiki ena ayenera kupezeka pa chipangizocho. Kwa ine, Ethernet yayikulu inali ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kale, kotero ndidakonza yachiwiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito adaputala ya USB-Ethernet yotengera RTL8152 chipset kuchokera ku Realtek pa ntchitoyi.
Pambuyo polumikiza adaputala ku doko laulere la USB, kukonzanso ndikuyambiranso dongosolo:
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
sudo rebootNdinayang'ana ngati dongosolo likuwona adaputala ya USB Ethernet:
sudo lsusbPambuyo pofufuza zomwe zapezeka
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0bda:8152 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL8152 Fast Ethernet Adapter
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0424:ec00 Standard Microsystems Corp. SMSC9512/9514 Fast Ethernet Adapter
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0424:9514 Standard Microsystems Corp. SMC9514 Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hubNdinasangalala kudziwa kuti Chipangizo 004 ndi adaputala yanga yokha.
Kenako, ndidafotokoza mawonekedwe a netiweki omwe amaperekedwa ku adaputala iyi:
dmesg | grep 8152[ 2.400424] usb 1-1.3: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=8152, bcdDevice=20.00
[ 6.363837] usbcore: registered new interface driver r8152
[ 6.669986] r8152 1-1.3:1.0 eth1: v1.09.9
[ 8.808282] r8152 1-1.3:1.0 eth1: carrier onZinapezeka eth1 🙂 Ndipo tsopano nditha kuyikonza ndi mlatho wa netiweki.
Zomwe ndidachita ndikutsata algorithm ili pansipa:
- Mapaketi a network bridge management adayika:
sudo apt-get install bridge-utils - ZeroTier ONE:
curl -s https://install.zerotier.com | sudo bash - kupita ku netiweki ya ZeroTier yomwe ilipo:
sudo zerotier-cli join <Network ID> - Anapereka lamulo loletsa adilesi ya IP ya ZeroTier ndikuwongolera njira:
sudo zerotier-cli set <networkID> allowManaged=0
Kenako pamanetiweki controller:
В Mitundu adadina tsatanetsatane, adapeza ndikutsata ulalo v4AssignMode ndikuletsa kugawa kwa ma adilesi a IP pochotsa cholembera Gawirani zokha kuchokera ku IP Assignment Pool
Pambuyo pake, ndidavomereza node yolumikizidwa ndikuyika dzina ndikuyang'ana mabokosi Wovomerezeka и Active Bridge. Sindinapereke adilesi ya IP.
Kenako adabwerera kukakhazikitsa mlatho wa netiweki pa node, pomwe adatsegula fayilo yosinthira maukonde kuti asinthe kudzera pa terminal:
sudo nano /etc/network/interfacesNdinawonjeza kuti mizere yotsatirayi?
auto eth1
allow-hotplug eth1
iface eth1 inet manual
auto br0
allow-hotplug br0
iface br0 inet static
address 192.168.0.10
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.0.1
network 192.168.0.0
broadcast 192.168.0.255
dns-nameservers 127.0.0.1
bridge_ports eth1 ztXXXXXXXX
bridge_fd 0
bridge_maxage 0
Kumeneko eth1 - adaputala yolumikizidwa ya USB Ethernet yomwe sinapatsidwe adilesi ya IP.
br0 - mlatho wa netiweki ukupangidwa wokhala ndi adilesi yokhazikika ya IP yoperekedwa kuchokera pamaadiresi a netiweki yanga.
ztXXXXXXXXX - dzina la mawonekedwe a ZeroTier, omwe adadziwika ndi lamulo:
sudo ifconfigNditalowa zambiri, ndidasunga fayilo yosinthira ndikutsitsanso mautumiki apaintaneti ndi lamulo:
sudo /etc/init.d/networking restartKuti muwone magwiridwe antchito a mlatho, ndidayendetsa lamulo:
sudo brctl show Malinga ndi zomwe adalandira, mlatho wakwera.
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
br0 8000.00e04c360769 no eth1
ztXXXXXXXXKenako, ndinasinthira kwa woyang'anira netiweki kuti ndikhazikitse njira.
Chifukwa chiyani ndidatsata ulalo womwe uli pamndandanda wama network? IP ntchito network mlatho. Kenako, pawindo lomwe limatsegulidwa, dinani Njira zoyendetsedwa. Ndinapita ku tsamba latsopano, kumene monga chandamale adanenanso 0.0.0.0 / 0, ndi ngati Chipatala - Adilesi ya IP ya mlatho wa netiweki kuchokera pamaadiresi osiyanasiyana a netiweki ya bungwe, yomwe yatchulidwa kale. Kwa ine 192.168.0.10
Adatsimikizira zomwe adalowa ndikuyamba kuyang'ana kulumikizidwa kwa maukonde a mfundozo, ndikuwongolera mfundo mu maukonde pafupifupi kuchokera pamtundu wa maukonde akuthupi komanso mosemphanitsa.
Ndizomwezo!
Komabe, mosiyana ndi ma prototype omwe zithunzizo zidatengedwa, ma adilesi a IP a ma node amtundu wapaintaneti amachokera kumitundu yofanana ndi ma adilesi a IP a node pa intaneti. Mukalumikiza maukonde, chitsanzochi ndi chotheka, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti samalumikizana ndi ma adilesi omwe amagawidwa ndi seva ya DHCP.
Sindilankhula padera za kukhazikitsa mlatho wapaintaneti pagulu lomwe likuyendetsa MS Windows ndi magawo ena a Linux m'nkhaniyi - intaneti ili ndi zida zambiri pamutuwu. Ponena za makonda omwe ali kumbali yowongolera maukonde, amafanana ndi omwe afotokozedwa pamwambapa.
Ndikungofuna kudziwa kuti Raspberry PI ndi bajeti komanso chida chothandizira kulumikiza maukonde ndi ZeroTier, osati ngati yankho lokhazikika. Mwachitsanzo, anthu akunja angagwiritse ntchito mlatho wokonzedweratu wokhazikitsidwa ndi Raspberry PI kuti muphatikize mwamsanga maukonde amtundu wa kasitomala omwe akutumikiridwa ndi omwe akuchokera ku ZeroTier.
Ndiroleni nditsirize mbali iyi ya nkhaniyi. Ndikuyembekezera mafunso, mayankho ndi ndemanga - chifukwa ndi maziko awo kuti ndidzamanga zomwe zili m'nkhani yotsatira. Pakadali pano, ndikukupemphani kuti muyese kukonza netiweki yanu pogwiritsa ntchito makina owongolera omwe ali ndi GUI yotengera VDS kuchokera pamsika pa. Zithunzi za RUVDS. Komanso, makasitomala onse atsopano ali ndi nthawi yaulere ya masiku atatu!
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Source: www.habr.com