Monga zanenedwa nthawi zambiri, china chake chiyenera kuchitika ndi transistor yaying'ono kuposa 5 nm. Masiku ano, opanga ma chip akupanga njira zapamwamba kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zipata zoyima za FinFET. Ma transistors a FinFET amatha kupangidwabe pogwiritsa ntchito njira zaukadaulo za 5-nm ndi 4-nm (zilizonse zomwe izi zikutanthawuza), koma kale pakupanga ma semiconductors a 3-nm, mawonekedwe a FinFET amasiya kugwira ntchito momwe ayenera. Zipata za transistors ndi zazing'ono kwambiri ndipo mphamvu yamagetsi si yotsika mokwanira kuti ma transistors apitirize kugwira ntchito yawo ngati zipata m'mabwalo osakanikirana. Choncho, makampani ndi, makamaka, Samsung, kuyambira 3nm ndondomeko teknoloji, kusintha kwa kupanga transistors ndi mphete kapena GAA (Gate-All-Around) zipata zonse. Ndi kutulutsidwa kwa atolankhani posachedwapa, Samsung yangopereka chithunzithunzi cha mawonekedwe a ma transistors atsopano komanso ubwino wowagwiritsa ntchito.
Monga momwe tawonetsera m'chifaniziro pamwambapa, pamene miyezo yopangira zinthu ikucheperachepera, zipata zasintha kuchokera kuzinthu zopanga mapulani zomwe zingathe kulamulira malo amodzi pansi pa chipata, kupita ku njira zowongoka zozunguliridwa ndi zipata kumbali zitatu, ndipo pamapeto pake zimasunthira pafupi ndi ngalande zozingidwa ndi zipata zokhala ndi zipata. mbali zonse zinayi. Njira yonseyi inatsagana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa dera lachipata kuzungulira njira yoyendetsedwa, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti kuchepetsa mphamvu zamagetsi ku ma transistors popanda kusokoneza makhalidwe amakono a transistors, motero, kumapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito za transistors. ndi kuchepa kwa mafunde otuluka. Pachifukwa ichi, ma transistors a GAA adzakhala korona watsopano wa chilengedwe ndipo sizidzafunika kukonzanso kwakukulu kwa njira zamakono za CMOS.
Njira zozunguliridwa ndi chipata zimatha kupangidwa ngati milatho yopyapyala (nanowires) kapena ngati milatho yayikulu kapena ma nanopages. Samsung yalengeza chisankho chake mokomera ma nanopages ndipo imati iteteza chitukuko chake ndi ma patent, ngakhale idapanga zida zonsezi ndikulowabe mgwirizano ndi IBM ndi makampani ena, mwachitsanzo, ndi AMD. Samsung sidzatchula ma transistors atsopano GAA, koma dzina la mwini wake MBCFET (Multi Bridge Channel FET). Masamba otambalala adzapereka mafunde ofunikira, omwe ndi ovuta kukwaniritsa pamayendedwe a nanowire.
Kusintha kwa zipata za mphete kumapangitsanso mphamvu zamagetsi zatsopano za transistor. Izi zikutanthauza kuti magetsi operekera ma transistors amatha kuchepetsedwa. Pazinthu za FinFET, kampaniyo imatcha 0,75 V. Kusintha kwa MBCFET transistors kudzachepetsanso malire awa.
Kampaniyo imatcha mwayi wotsatira wa MBCFET transistors kusinthasintha kodabwitsa kwamayankho. Chifukwa chake, ngati mawonekedwe a FinFET ma transistors popanga angangowongoleredwa mwachisawawa, kuyika malire angapo mu projekiti ya transistor iliyonse, ndiye kuti kupanga mabwalo okhala ndi ma transistors a MBCFET kudzafanana ndi kukonza kwabwino kwambiri kwa polojekiti iliyonse. Ndipo izi zidzakhala zosavuta kuchita: zidzakhala zokwanira kusankha makulidwe ofunikira a nanopage, ndipo chizindikiro ichi chikhoza kusinthidwa motsatira.
Popanga ma transistors a MBCFET, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ukadaulo wapamwamba wa CMOS ndi zida zamafakitale zomwe zimayikidwa m'mafakitale ndizoyenera popanda kusintha kwakukulu. Gawo lokhalo lopangira ma silicon wafers lidzafunika kusintha pang'ono, zomwe ndizomveka, ndipo ndizo zonse. Kumbali ya magulu olumikizana ndi zigawo za metallization, simuyenera kusintha chilichonse.
Pomaliza, Samsung kwa nthawi yoyamba ikupereka kufotokoza kwabwino kwa zosintha zomwe kusintha kwaukadaulo wa 3nm process ndi MBCFET transistors kudzabweretsa nazo (kumveketsa, Samsung sikulankhula mwachindunji zaukadaulo wa 3nm, koma idanenanso kuti. teknoloji ya 4nm idzagwiritsabe ntchito FinFET transistors). Choncho, poyerekeza ndi teknoloji ya 7nm FinFET ndondomeko, kusamukira ku chikhalidwe chatsopano ndipo MBCFET idzapereka kuchepetsa 50% pakugwiritsa ntchito, kuwonjezeka kwa 30% ndi kuchepetsa 45% m'dera la chip. Osati "kaya, kapena", koma kwathunthu. Kodi zimenezi zidzachitika liti? Zitha kuchitika kumapeto kwa 2021.
Source: 3dnews.ru