{"id":114452,"date":"2024-03-20T12:25:49","date_gmt":"2024-03-20T10:25:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/ataka-na-nekotorye-protokoly-na-osnove-udp-privodyashhaya-k-zacziklivaniyu-obmena-paketami"},"modified":"2024-03-20T12:25:49","modified_gmt":"2024-03-20T10:25:49","slug":"ataka-na-nekotorye-protokoly-na-osnove-udp-privodyashhaya-k-zacziklivaniyu-obmena-paketami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pl\/blog\/news\/ataka-na-nekotorye-protokoly-na-osnove-udp-privodyashhaya-k-zacziklivaniyu-obmena-paketami","title":{"rendered":"Atak na niekt\u00f3re protoko\u0142y oparte na UDP, prowadz\u0105cy do zap\u0119tlenia wymiany pakiet\u00f3w","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Centrum Koordynacyjne CERT (grupa komputerowa reagowania na sytuacje awaryjne) opublikowa\u0142o ostrze\u017cenie o serii luk w implementacjach r\u00f3\u017cnych protoko\u0142\u00f3w aplikacyjnych, kt\u00f3re jako transport wykorzystuj\u0105 protok\u00f3\u0142 UDP. Luki mog\u0105 by\u0107 wykorzystywane do organizacji atak\u00f3w typu denial of service z powodu mo\u017cliwo\u015bci zap\u0119tlenia wymiany pakiet\u00f3w mi\u0119dzy dwoma hostami. Na przyk\u0142ad, atakuj\u0105cy mog\u0105 spowodowa\u0107 wyczerpanie dost\u0119pnej przepustowo\u015bci sieci, zablokowanie pracy us\u0142ug sieciowych (np. poprzez stworzenie du\u017cego obci\u0105\u017cenia i przekroczenie limitu intensywno\u015bci zapyta\u0144) oraz wdra\u017ca\u0107 wzmacniacze ruchu do atak\u00f3w DDoS. <\/p>\n

W\u015br\u00f3d protoko\u0142\u00f3w, niekt\u00f3re implementacje kt\u00f3rych s\u0105 podatne na luki, wymieniane s\u0105 DNS, NTP, TFTP, Echo (RFC862), Chargen (RFC864) i QOTD (RFC865). Obecno\u015b\u0107 luki (CVE-2024-2169) zosta\u0142a potwierdzona w wybranych produktach firm Cisco, Microsoft, Broadcom, Brother, Honeywell (CVE-2024-1309) i MikroTik. Jako \u015brodki zaradcze w celu zablokowania luk zaleca si\u0119 w\u0142\u0105czenie na zaporze blokady spoofingu (uRPF), ograniczenie dost\u0119pu do zb\u0119dnych us\u0142ug UDP oraz skonfigurowanie ograniczenia intensywno\u015bci ruchu (rate-limit i QoS). <\/p>\n

Vulnerabilities arise from the lack of protection of the UDP protocol against address spoofing \u2014 if there is no anti-spoofing protection on transit routers, an attacker can specify any server's IP address in the UDP packet and send this packet to another server, which will return a response to the specified fake address. The method of attack boils down to creating a situation where packets are exchanged in a loop between servers using vulnerable implementations of the protocol. For example, in response to an incoming packet, the target server may send a response with an error code, and the server whose address was spoofed by the attacker will send its response, which will, in turn, lead to the return of a packet with an error code. Thus, serwery<\/a> they will start to play packets in 'ping-pong' to infinity.

\"Atak<\/center> <\/p>\n

Warto zauwa\u017cy\u0107, \u017ce podobna metoda ataku nie jest nowa i w serwerze<\/a> Synchronizacja czasu ntpd - jedna z opcji ataku zosta\u0142a usuni\u0119ta jeszcze w 2009 roku (CVE-2009-3563) w wersjach 4.2.4p8 i 4.2.5. Atak polega\u0142 na wysy\u0142aniu pakietu NTP z fa\u0142szywym adresem i ustawion\u0105 flag\u0105 MODE_PRIVATE, w trakcie przetwarzania kt\u00f3rego docelowy serwer zwraca\u0142 odpowied\u017a o braku mo\u017cliwo\u015bci u\u017cycia trybu prywatnego, pozostawiaj\u0105c flag\u0119 MODE_PRIVATE w odpowiedzi. W zwi\u0105zku z tym inny serwer r\u00f3wnie\u017c nie m\u00f3g\u0142 przetworzy\u0107 tej flagi i zwraca\u0142 swoj\u0105 odpowied\u017a, co prowadzi\u0142o do cyklu wymiany pakiet\u00f3w mi\u0119dzy dwoma serwerami NTP. W przypadku protoko\u0142u DNS ostrze\u017cenie o mo\u017cliwo\u015bci przeprowadzenia podobnego ataku opublikowano ju\u017c w 1996 roku. <\/p>\n

Globalne skanowanie adres\u00f3w w internecie wykaza\u0142o, \u017ce obecnie w sieci znajduje si\u0119 co najmniej 23 tysi\u0105ce podatnych serwer\u00f3w TFTP, 63 tysi\u0105ce serwer\u00f3w DNS, 89 tysi\u0119cy serwer\u00f3w NTP, 56 tysi\u0119cy us\u0142ug Echo\/RFC862, 22 tysi\u0105ce us\u0142ug Chargen\/RFC864 oraz 21 tysi\u0119cy us\u0142ug QOTD\/RFC865. Przyjmuje si\u0119, \u017ce w przypadku serwer\u00f3w NTP istnienie nieusuni\u0119tej podatno\u015bci zwi\u0105zane jest z u\u017cywaniem bardzo starych wersji ntpd wydanych przed 2010 rokiem. Us\u0142ugi Echo, Chargen i QOTD s\u0105 podatne z natury ze wzgl\u0119du na swoj\u0105 architektur\u0119. Sytuacja z serwerami TFTP i DNS wymaga interwencji ich administrator\u00f3w. Serwery atftpd i tftpd nie s\u0105 nara\u017cone na problem, poniewa\u017c u\u017cywaj\u0105 losowej liczby portu sieciowego \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142owego przy wysy\u0142aniu odpowiedzi. Wspomniane s\u0105 podatne serwery DNS dproxy-nexgen. W produktach Microsoft problem wyst\u0119puje w WDS (Windows Deployment Services), a w produktach Cisco problem dotyczy router\u00f3w serii 2800 i 2970.
\n
\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142o: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041a\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440 CERT (\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0432\u044b\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438), \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432, 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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":114453,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-114452","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Atak na niekt\u00f3re protoko\u0142y oparte na UDP, prowadz\u0105cy do cyklu wymiany pakiet\u00f3w | ProHoster","description":"Centrum koordynacyjne CERT (zespo\u0301\u0142 reagowania na sytuacje kryzysowe) opublikowa\u0142o ostrze\u017cenie o serii podatno\u015bci w realizacjach r\u00f3\u017cnych protoko\u0142\u00f3w aplikacyjnych, u\u017cywaj\u0105cych jako 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