Konstantin Rjabcew, administrator infrastruktury kernel.org, opublikowa\u0142 wyniki analizy ruchu serwisu git.kernel.org, kt\u00f3ry pozwala na przegl\u0105danie zawarto\u015bci repozytori\u00f3w git projekt\u00f3w zwi\u0105zanych z rozwojem j\u0105dra Linux. Codziennie serwis obs\u0142uguje oko\u0142o 6 milion\u00f3w zapyta\u0144 o informacje o commitach, z kt\u00f3rych 66% przypada na boty, kt\u00f3re udaje si\u0119 zablokowa\u0107 dzi\u0119ki systemowi Anubis. 33% zapyta\u0144 przechodzi weryfikacj\u0119 systemu Anubis, kt\u00f3ry zezwala na dost\u0119p tylko po rozwi\u0105zaniu w j\u0119zyku JavaScript warto\u015bci, kt\u00f3rej hash SHA-256 w po\u0142\u0105czeniu z przekazan\u0105 przez serwer string zawiera okre\u015blon\u0105 liczb\u0119 wiod\u0105cych zer (to zadanie wymaga zasob\u00f3w CPU do rozwi\u0105zania, ale nie wymaga zasob\u00f3w do weryfikacji). <\/p>\n
Dok\u0142adne okre\u015blenie, kto z tych 33% to ludzie, a kto zaawansowane boty, jest niemo\u017cliwe, ale na podstawie charakteru zapyta\u0144 wyci\u0105gni\u0119to wniosek, \u017ce og\u00f3lny udzia\u0142 legitymnych zapyta\u0144 wynosi oko\u0142o 2%, a pozosta\u0142e 98% przypada na skrypty. Jednym z oznak bot\u00f3w s\u0105 bezpo\u015brednie zapytania o stare commity w przypadkowych starych ga\u0142\u0119ziach, kt\u00f3re ma\u0142o prawdopodobne, by mog\u0142y by\u0107 potrzebne ludziom w pracy. Aktywno\u015b\u0107 bot\u00f3w wytwarza ogromne paso\u017cytnicze obci\u0105\u017cenie na serwery<\/a> poniewa\u017c zamiast jednorazowo za\u0142adowa\u0107 ca\u0142y kod i histori\u0119 commit\u00f3w za pomoc\u0105 operacji «git clone», boty wysy\u0142aj\u0105 miliardy zapyta\u0144, przeszukuj\u0105c wszystkie kombinacje przez interfejs webowy i wielokrotnie \u017c\u0105daj\u0105c tych samych danych z r\u00f3\u017cnymi parametrami. <\/p>\n Blokowanie bot\u00f3w wed\u0142ug adres\u00f3w IP<\/a> i system\u00f3w autonomicznych szybko przesta\u0142o dzia\u0142a\u0107, poniewa\u017c boty zacz\u0119\u0142y wysy\u0142a\u0107 zapytania z milion\u00f3w losowych adres\u00f3w IP z sieci domowych lub mobilnych, uzyskanych w wyniku aktywno\u015bci botnet\u00f3w lub monetyzacji dodatk\u00f3w do przegl\u0105darek. Z ka\u017cdego adresu wysy\u0142ane jest tylko 4-5 zapyta\u0144, wi\u0119c blokowanie ich na poziomie zapory sieciowej jest bezsensowne. <\/p>\n Przez jaki\u015b czas blokowanie bot\u00f3w wspiera\u0142 system Anubis, ale z biegiem czasu boty dostosowa\u0142y si\u0119 do wykonywania oblicze\u0144 proponowanych w Anubis. Mi\u0119dzy innymi boty nauczy\u0142y si\u0119 rozwi\u0105zywa\u0107 zadanie na poziomie trudno\u015bci 5, a dalsze podnoszenie poziomu jest problematyczne, poniewa\u017c nawet pi\u0105ty poziom wymaga kilku sekund oblicze\u0144 i bardzo irytuje legitymnych u\u017cytkownik\u00f3w. <\/p>\n W rezultacie, na obs\u0142ug\u0119 zapyta\u0144 skrypter\u00f3w w infrastrukturze kernel.org trzeba po\u015bwi\u0119ca\u0107 wi\u0119cej zasob\u00f3w ni\u017c na wszystkie inne rodzaje legalnych operacji, w tym «git clone». Na 5 serwerach<\/a>, obs\u0142uguj\u0105cych git.kernel.org, w ka\u017cdej chwili 14-16 z dost\u0119pnych 90 rdzeni CPU jest nieprzerwanie zaj\u0119tych wy\u015bwietlaniem commit\u00f3w git dla bot\u00f3w. Aby zmniejszy\u0107 obci\u0105\u017cenie, administratorzy pr\u00f3buj\u0105 teraz ograniczy\u0107 mo\u017cliwo\u015bci us\u0142ugi, wy\u0142\u0105czy\u0107 niekt\u00f3re zasobo\u017cerne operacje, ograniczy\u0107 dost\u0119p anonimowy oraz skr\u00f3ci\u0107 liczb\u0119 dost\u0119pnych link\u00f3w do nawigacji. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d \u0420\u044f\u0431\u0446\u0435\u0432, \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b kernel.org, \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430 git.kernel.org, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 git-\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux. \u0415\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 6 \u043c\u043b\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 66% \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Anubis. 33% \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Anubis, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-183180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd4798% zapyta\u0144 do git.kernel.org generuj\u0105 boty, tworz\u0105c ogromne paso\u017cytnicze obci\u0105\u017cenie | ProHoster","description":"Konstantin Riabcew, administrator infrastruktury kernel.org, opublikowa\u0142 wyniki analizy ruchu serwisu git.kernel.org, kt\u00f3ra umo\u017cliwia przegl\u0105danie zawarto\u015bci repozytori\u00f3w git projekt\u00f3w zwi\u0105zanych z rozwojem 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\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142o: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"