{"id":37225,"date":"2019-10-31T22:16:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:16:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/ataka-knob-pozvolyayushhaya-perehvatit-zashifrovannyj-trafik-bluetooth\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:16:26","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:16:26","slug":"ataka-knob-pozvolyayushhaya-perehvatit-zashifrovannyj-trafik-bluetooth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pl\/blog\/news\/ataka-knob-pozvolyayushhaya-perehvatit-zashifrovannyj-trafik-bluetooth","title":{"rendered":"Atak KNOB, kt\u00f3ry umo\u017cliwia przechwycenie zaszyfrowanego ruchu Bluetooth","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/francozappa.github.io\/post\/knob-announce\/\">Odkryto<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/system\/files\/sec19-antonioli.pdf\">informacje<\/a><\/noindex> o ataku <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/knobattack.com\/\">KNOB<\/a><\/noindex> (Key Negotiation Of Bluetooth), pozwalaj\u0105cej na przechwytywanie i podmian\u0119 informacji w zaszyfrowanym ruchu Bluetooth. Maj\u0105c mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 zablokowania bezpo\u015bredniego przesy\u0142ania pakiet\u00f3w w trakcie negocjacji po\u0142\u0105czenia urz\u0105dze\u0144 Bluetooth, atakuj\u0105cy mo\u017ce doprowadzi\u0107 do u\u017cycia kluczy zawieraj\u0105cych zaledwie 1 bajt entropii, co umo\u017cliwia zastosowanie metody brute-force do okre\u015blenia klucza szyfrowania. <\/p>\n<p>Problem wynika z niedoci\u0105gni\u0119\u0107 (CVE-2019-9506) w specyfikacji Bluetooth BR\/EDR Core 5.1 oraz wcze\u015bniejszych wersji, kt\u00f3re dopuszczaj\u0105 u\u017cycie zbyt kr\u00f3tkich kluczy szyfrowania i nie zapobiegaj\u0105 ingerencji atakuj\u0105cego na etapie negocjacji po\u0142\u0105czenia, co skutkuje mo\u017cliwo\u015bci\u0105 powrotu do takich niereliabilnych kluczy (mo\u017cliwa jest podmiana pakiet\u00f3w przez nieautoryzowanego atakuj\u0105cego). Atak mo\u017ce by\u0107 przeprowadzony w momencie negocjacji po\u0142\u0105czenia urz\u0105dze\u0144 (ju\u017c ustanowione sesje nie mog\u0105 by\u0107 zaatakowane) i jest skuteczny tylko dla po\u0142\u0105cze\u0144 w trybach BR\/EDR (Bluetooth Basic Rate\/Enhanced Data Rate), je\u015bli oba urz\u0105dzenia s\u0105 nara\u017cone na t\u0119 luk\u0119. W przypadku udanego odgadni\u0119cia klucza, przest\u0119pca mo\u017ce odszyfrowa\u0107 przesy\u0142ane dane i niezauwa\u017calnie dla ofiary wykona\u0107 podmian\u0119 w ruchu dowolnego szyfrogramu.<\/p>\n<p>Podczas nawi\u0105zywania po\u0142\u0105czenia mi\u0119dzy dwoma kontrolerami Bluetooth A i B, kontroler A po uwierzytelnieniu kluczem kana\u0142owym (link key) mo\u017ce zaproponowa\u0107 u\u017cycie 16 bajt\u00f3w entropii jako klucza szyfrowania (encryption key), a kontroler B mo\u017ce zgodzi\u0107 si\u0119 na t\u0119 warto\u015b\u0107 lub zaproponowa\u0107 mniejsz\u0105, je\u015bli nie jest w stanie utworzy\u0107 klucza o proponowanym rozmiarze. W odpowiedzi kontroler A mo\u017ce zaakceptowa\u0107 odpowiedni\u0105 propozycj\u0119 i aktywowa\u0107 szyfrowany kana\u0142 komunikacyjny. Na tym etapie negocjacji parametr\u00f3w nie stosuje si\u0119 szyfrowania, co daje atakuj\u0105cemu mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 wtr\u0105cenia si\u0119 w wymian\u0119 danych mi\u0119dzy kontrolerami i podmiany pakietu z proponowanym rozmiarem entropii. Poniewa\u017c dopuszczalny rozmiar klucza waha si\u0119 od 1 do 16 bajt\u00f3w, drugi kontroler zaakceptuje t\u0119 warto\u015b\u0107 i wy\u015ble swoje potwierdzenie z podobn\u0105 warto\u015bci\u0105.<\/p>\n<p><center><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usenix.org\/system\/files\/sec19-antonioli.pdf\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Atak KNOB, kt\u00f3ry umo\u017cliwia przechwycenie zaszyfrowanego ruchu Bluetooth\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/00852a72cea4b661260af415244a748b.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Aby odtworzy\u0107 luk\u0119 w warunkach laboratoryjnych (aktywno\u015b\u0107 przest\u0119pcy by\u0142a emitowana na jednym z urz\u0105dze\u0144), zaproponowano<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/francozappa\/knob\/tree\/master\/poc-internalblue\">prototyp narz\u0119dziowy<\/a><\/noindex> do przeprowadzenia ataku.<br \/>\nAby zrealizowa\u0107 rzeczywist\u0105 atak, atakuj\u0105cy musi znajdowa\u0107 si\u0119 w zasi\u0119gu odbioru urz\u0105dze\u0144 ofiar i mie\u0107 mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 tymczasowego zablokowania sygna\u0142u z ka\u017cdego urz\u0105dzenia, co proponuje si\u0119 zrealizowa\u0107 poprzez manipulacj\u0119 sygna\u0142em lub reaktywne zak\u0142\u00f3canie. <\/p>\n<p>Organizacja Bluetooth SIG, odpowiedzialna za opracowywanie standard\u00f3w Bluetooth, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bluetooth.com\/security\/statement-key-negotiation-of-bluetooth\/\">opublikowa\u0142a<\/a><\/noindex>  dostosowuje specyfikacj\u0119 numer 11838, w kt\u00f3rej dla producent\u00f3w zaproponowano \u015brodki do zablokowania luki (minimalny rozmiar klucza szyfrowania zosta\u0142 zwi\u0119kszony z 1 do 7). Problem <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kb.cert.org\/vuls\/id\/918987\/\">objawia si\u0119<\/a><\/noindex> w  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.icasi.org\/br-edr-encryption-key-bluetooth-vulnerability\/\">wszystkich<\/a><\/noindex> odpowiednich stosach Bluetooth i oprogramowaniu sprz\u0119towym chip\u00f3w Bluetooth, w tym produkt\u00f3w <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/software.intel.com\/security-software-guidance\/insights\/more-information-exploiting-low-entropy-encryption-key-negotiation-bluetooth-bredr\">Intel<\/a><\/noindex>, Broadcom, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/support.lenovo.com\/us\/en\/product_security\/LEN-27173\">Lenovo<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/support.apple.com\/kb\/HT201222\">Apple<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/portal.msrc.microsoft.com\/en-US\/security-guidance\/advisory\/CVE-2019-9506\">Microsoft<\/a><\/noindex>, Qualcomm, Linux, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/source.android.com\/security\/bulletin\/2019-08-01\">Android<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/support.blackberry.com\/kb\/articleDetail?articleNumber=000057251\">Blackberry<\/a><\/noindex> i <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/tools.cisco.com\/security\/center\/content\/CiscoSecurityAdvisory\/cisco-sa-20190813-bluetooth\">Cisco<\/a><\/noindex> (spo\u015br\u00f3d 14 przetestowanych chip\u00f3w wszystkie okaza\u0142y si\u0119 podatne). W stosie Bluetooth j\u0105dra Linux  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/bluetooth\/bluetooth.git\/commit\/?id=58a96fc35375ab87db7c5b69336f5befde1b548f\">dodano<\/a><\/noindex> znajduje si\u0119 poprawka, kt\u00f3ra pozwala zmienia\u0107 minimalny rozmiar klucza szyfrowania. <\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142o: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51303\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0420\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0435 KNOB (Key Negotiation Of Bluetooth), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c Bluetooth-\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0435. \u0418\u043c\u0435\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f Bluetooth-\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0439, \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e 1 \u0431\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u044d\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 (brute-force) \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430 \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":27914,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37225","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0420\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pl\/blog\/news\/ataka-knob-pozvolyayushhaya-perehvatit-zashifrovannyj-trafik-bluetooth\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.1.1\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n\t\t<meta 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