{"id":52697,"date":"2019-11-14T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-13T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/uyazvimost-tpm-fail-pozvolyayushhaya-vosstanovit-klyuchi-hranimye-v-tpm-modulyah"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:00:29","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:00:29","slug":"uyazvimost-tpm-fail-pozvolyayushhaya-vosstanovit-klyuchi-hranimye-v-tpm-modulyah","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pl\/blog\/news\/uyazvimost-tpm-fail-pozvolyayushhaya-vosstanovit-klyuchi-hranimye-v-tpm-modulyah","title":{"rendered":"Vulnerability TPM-Fail, which allows recovery of keys stored in TPM modules","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Grupa badawcza z Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Uniwersytetu w Lubece oraz Uniwersytetu Kalifornijskiego w San Diego <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/tpm.fail\/tpmfail.pdf\">opracowa\u0142<\/a><\/noindex> metoda ataku z kana\u0142\u00f3w bocznych, kt\u00f3ra umo\u017cliwia odzyskanie warto\u015bci tajnych kluczy przechowywanych w TPM (Trusted Platform Module). Atak otrzyma\u0142 kryptonim <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/tpm.fail\/\">TPM-Fail<\/a><\/noindex> i dotyczy fTPM (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.intel.com\/content\/www\/us\/en\/support\/articles\/000007452\/mini-pcs.html\">programowa implementacja<\/a><\/noindex> oparta na firmware, dzia\u0142aj\u0105ca na zaszytym procesorze wewn\u0105trz CPU) firmy Intel (CVE-2019-11090) oraz sprz\u0119towe TPM w chipach STMicroelectronics <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.st.com\/en\/secure-mcus\/st33tphf20i2c.html\">ST33<\/a><\/noindex> (CVE-2019-16863).<\/p>\n<p>Badacze <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/VernamGroup\/TPM-Fail\">opublikowali<\/a><\/noindex> stworzyli prototyp narz\u0119dzia do przeprowadzania ataku i zademonstrowali mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 odzyskania 256-bitowego klucza prywatnego, u\u017cywanego do generowania podpis\u00f3w cyfrowych z wykorzystaniem algorytm\u00f3w opartych na krzywych eliptycznych ECDSA oraz EC-Schnorr. W zale\u017cno\u015bci od uprawnie\u0144 ca\u0142kowity czas ataku na systemy Intel fTPM wynosi od 4 do 20 minut i wymaga analizy od 1 do 15 tysi\u0119cy operacji. Atak na systemy z chipem ST33 wymaga oko\u0142o 80 minut i analizy oko\u0142o 40 tysi\u0119cy operacji generowania podpisu cyfrowego. <\/p>\n<p>Badacze r\u00f3wnie\u017c zademonstrowali mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 przeprowadzenia zdalnego ataku w sieciach o du\u017cej pr\u0119dko\u015bci, co pozwoli\u0142o w lokalnej sieci o przepustowo\u015bci 1 GB w warunkach laboratoryjnych na odzyskanie klucza prywatnego w ci\u0105gu pi\u0119ciu godzin, po zmierzeniu czasu odpowiedzi dla 45 tysi\u0119cy sesji autoryzacji z serwerem VPN opartym na oprogramowaniu strongSwan, przechowuj\u0105cym swoje klucze w nara\u017conym na podatno\u015b\u0107 TPM.<\/p>\n<p>Metoda ataku opiera si\u0119 na analizie r\u00f3\u017cnic w czasie wykonywania operacji podczas generowania podpisu cyfrowego. Ocena op\u00f3\u017anienia podczas wykonywania oblicze\u0144 pozwala okre\u015bli\u0107 informacje o poszczeg\u00f3lnych bitach w czasie mno\u017cenia przez skalar podczas operacji na krzywej eliptycznej. Dla ECDSA wystarczy okre\u015blenie nawet kilku bit\u00f3w z informacj\u0105 o wektorze inicjalizacyjnym (nonce), aby przeprowadzi\u0107 atak na sekwencyjne odzyskanie ca\u0142ego klucza prywatnego. Do skutecznego przeprowadzenia ataku konieczna jest analiza czasu generowania kilku tysi\u0119cy podpis\u00f3w cyfrowych, stworzonych na podstawie danych znanych atakuj\u0105cemu.<\/p>\n<p>Luka <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.st.com\/content\/st_com\/en\/campaigns\/tpm-update.html\">naprawiono<\/a><\/noindex> firma STMicroelectronics w nowej wersji chip\u00f3w, w kt\u00f3rych implementacja algorytmu ECDSA zosta\u0142a uwolniona od korelacji z czasem wykonywania operacji. Interesuj\u0105ce jest to, \u017ce chipy STMicroelectronics dotkni\u0119te problemem s\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c wykorzystywane w sprz\u0119cie spe\u0142niaj\u0105cym standard bezpiecze\u0144stwa CommonCriteria (CC) EAL 4+. Badacze sprawdzili r\u00f3wnie\u017c chipy TPM firm Infineon i Nuvoton, ale nie stwierdzono w nich wycieku na podstawie zmiany czasu oblicze\u0144.<\/p>\n<p>W procesorach Intel problem pojawia si\u0119 od wypuszczenia rodziny Haswell w 2013 roku. Zauwa\u017cono, \u017ce problem dotyczy szerokiego zakresu laptop\u00f3w, komputer\u00f3w PC i serwer\u00f3w produkowanych przez r\u00f3\u017cne firmy, w tym Dell, Lenovo i HP.<\/p>\n<p>Firma Intel w\u0142\u0105czy\u0142a poprawk\u0119 w <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.intel.com\/technology\/2019\/11\/ipas-november-2019-intel-platform-update-ipu\/\">listopadowym<\/a><\/noindex> aktualizacji oprogramowania uk\u0142adowego, w kt\u00f3rej poza rozwa\u017canym problemem <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.intel.com\/content\/www\/us\/en\/security-center\/advisory\/intel-sa-00241.html\">usuni\u0119to<\/a><\/noindex> znaleziono jeszcze 24 inne podatno\u015bci, z kt\u00f3rych dziewi\u0119\u0107 przypisano do wysokiego poziomu niebezpiecze\u0144stwa, a jedna do krytycznego. W odniesieniu do podanych problem\u00f3w dost\u0119pne s\u0105 jedynie og\u00f3lne informacje, na przyk\u0142ad, zaznaczone, \u017ce krytyczna podatno\u015b\u0107 (CVE-2019-0169) zwi\u0105zana jest z mo\u017cliwo\u015bci\u0105 wywo\u0142ania przepe\u0142nienia bufora w \u015brodowiskach Intel CSME (Converged Security and Management Engine) i Intel TXE (Trusted Execution Engine), co pozwala atakuj\u0105cemu podnie\u015b\u0107 swoje uprawnienia i uzyska\u0107 dost\u0119p do poufnych danych.<\/p>\n<p>Mo\u017cna r\u00f3wnie\u017c zauwa\u017cy\u0107 <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/jovanbulck\/0xbadc0de\">ujawnianie<\/a><\/noindex> wynik\u00f3w audytu r\u00f3\u017cnych SDK do rozwoju aplikacji, kt\u00f3re wsp\u00f3\u0142dzia\u0142aj\u0105 z kodem wykonywanym w izolowanych enklawach. W celu identyfikacji problematycznych funkcji, kt\u00f3re mog\u0105 by\u0107 wykorzystywane do przeprowadzania atak\u00f3w, zbadano osiem SDK: <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/intel\/linux-sgx\">Intel SGX-SDK<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/lsds\/sgx-lkl\">SGX-LKL<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/openenclave.io\/sdk\/\">Microsoft OpenEnclave<\/a><\/noindex>, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/grapheneproject.io\/\">Graphene<\/a><\/noindex>,<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/fortanix.com\/products\/runtime-encryption\/edp\/\">Rust-EDP<\/a><\/noindex> i <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/cloud.google.com\/blog\/products\/gcp\/introducing-asylo-an-open-source-framework-for-confidential-computing\">Google Asylo<\/a><\/noindex> dla Intel SGX, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/keystone-enclave.org\/\">Keystone<\/a><\/noindex>  dla RISC-V i <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/distrinet.cs.kuleuven.be\/software\/sancus\/\" target=\"_blank\">Sancus<\/a><\/noindex> dla Sancus TEE. W trakcie audytu zidentyfikowano <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/jovanbulck\/0xbadc0de\/blob\/master\/ccs19-tale.pdf\">ujawniono<\/a><\/noindex> 35 podatno\u015bci, na podstawie kt\u00f3rych opracowano kilka scenariuszy atak\u00f3w, umo\u017cliwiaj\u0105cych wydobycie kluczy AES z enklawy lub zorganizowanie wykonania w\u0142asnego kodu poprzez stworzenie warunk\u00f3w do uszkodzenia zawarto\u015bci pami\u0119ci.<\/p>\n<p><center><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/raw.githubusercontent.com\/jovanbulck\/0xbadc0de\/master\/thumbnail.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vulnerability TPM-Fail, which allows recovery of keys stored in TPM modules\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/4c83ec77b9618ac531060dc585820d32.png\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/a><\/noindex><\/center><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142o: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51862\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0412\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0430, \u041b\u044e\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u041a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d-\u0414\u0438\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0439, \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 TPM (Trusted Platform Module). \u0410\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f TPM-Fail \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 fTPM (\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0438, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 CPU) \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Intel (CVE-2019-11090) \u0438 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":52698,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52697","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 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