{"id":53527,"date":"2019-12-04T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-12-03T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/podvodnaya-akustika-mozhet-pomoch-spasti-korallovye-rify"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:01:26","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:01:26","slug":"podvodnaya-akustika-mozhet-pomoch-spasti-korallovye-rify","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pl\/blog\/news\/podvodnaya-akustika-mozhet-pomoch-spasti-korallovye-rify","title":{"rendered":"Podwodna akustyka mo\u017ce pom\u00f3c uratowa\u0107 rafy koralowe","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Zag\u0142ada raf koralowych to ogromny problem, kt\u00f3ry obecnie stoi przed oceanologami. Mi\u0119dzynarodowa grupa naukowc\u00f3w z brytyjskich uniwersytet\u00f3w w Exeter i Bristolu, a tak\u017ce australijskiego uniwersytetu Jamesa Cooka oraz Australijskiego Instytutu Nauk Morskich twierdzi, \u017ce \"akustyczne wzbogacenie\" mog\u0142oby sta\u0107 si\u0119 cennym narz\u0119dziem pomagaj\u0105cym w odbudowie uszkodzonych raf koralowych.<\/p>\n

\"Podwodna<\/p>\n

Pracuj\u0105c nad analiz\u0105 umieraj\u0105cego Wielkiego Bariery Koralowej w Australii, naukowcy zainstalowali podwodne g\u0142o\u015bniki, odtwarzaj\u0105ce nagrania zdrowych raf, w obszarach z martwymi koralami, i odkryli dwukrotnie wi\u0119cej ryb, kt\u00f3re przyby\u0142y \u2014 i zosta\u0142y \u2014 w por\u00f3wnaniu z podobnymi obszarami, gdzie d\u017awi\u0119k nie by\u0142 odtwarzany. \"Ryby maj\u0105 kluczowe znaczenie dla funkcjonowania raf koralowych jako zdrowych ekosystem\u00f3w, powiedzia\u0142 Tim Gordon z Uniwersytetu w Exeter. \u2014 Zwi\u0119kszenie populacji ryb w ten spos\u00f3b mo\u017ce pom\u00f3c uruchomi\u0107 procesy naturalnej regeneracji, przeciwdzia\u0142aj\u0105c szkodom, kt\u00f3re obserwujemy na wielu rafach koralowych na ca\u0142ym \u015bwiecie.\"<\/p>\n

Ta nowa metoda dzia\u0142a, odtwarzaj\u0105c d\u017awi\u0119ki, kt\u00f3re znikaj\u0105, gdy rafy degraduj\u0105. \"Zdrowe rafy koralowe s\u0105 niesamowicie ha\u0142a\u015bliwymi miejscami: trzask krewetek, ryczenie i chrumkanie ryb tworz\u0105 osza\u0142amiaj\u0105cy biologiczny pejza\u017c d\u017awi\u0119kowy. M\u0142ode ryby przyci\u0105gaj\u0105 te d\u017awi\u0119ki, gdy szukaj\u0105 miejsca do osiedlenia si\u0119, powiedzia\u0142 profesor Steve Simpson z Uniwersytetu w Exeter. \u2014 Rafy staj\u0105 si\u0119 upiornie ciche, gdy degraduj\u0105, poniewa\u017c krewetki i ryby znikaj\u0105, ale dzi\u0119ki g\u0142o\u015bnikom przywracaj\u0105cym ten utracony krajobraz d\u017awi\u0119kowy mo\u017cemy ponownie przyci\u0105gn\u0105\u0107 m\u0142ode ryby.\"<\/p>\n

Biolog ryb z Australijskiego Instytutu Nauk Morskich, doktor Mark Meekan, doda\u0142: \"Oczywi\u015bcie, przyci\u0105gni\u0119cie ryb do martwej rafy nie przywr\u00f3ci jej \u017cycia automatycznie, ale regeneracja wspierana przez ryby, kt\u00f3re oczyszczaj\u0105 raf\u0119 i tworz\u0105 przestrze\u0144 dla wzrostu koralowc\u00f3w, mo\u017ce pom\u00f3c.\"<\/p>\n

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Badania wykaza\u0142y, \u017ce d\u017awi\u0119ki zdrowego rafy podwodnej podwoi\u0142y og\u00f3ln\u0105 liczb\u0119 ryb przyci\u0105ganych do eksperymentalnych obszar\u00f3w habitat\u00f3w rafy oraz zwi\u0119kszy\u0142y liczb\u0119 obecnych gatunk\u00f3w o 50 %. To zr\u00f3\u017cnicowanie obejmowa\u0142o gatunki ze wszystkich poziom\u00f3w \u0142a\u0144cucha pokarmowego \u2014 ro\u015blino\u017cerc\u00f3w, detrytuso\u017cerc\u00f3w, planktono\u017cerc\u00f3w i drapie\u017cnych ryb. R\u00f3\u017cne grupy ryb pe\u0142ni\u0105 r\u00f3\u017cne funkcje w rafach koralowych, co oznacza, \u017ce obfita i r\u00f3\u017cnorodna populacja ryb jest kluczowym czynnikiem utrzymania zdrowego ekosystemu.<\/p>\n

\"Podwodna<\/p>\n

Profesor Andy Radford z Uniwersytetu w Bristolu powiedzia\u0142: «Akustyczne wzbogacenie to obiecuj\u0105ca metoda zarz\u0105dzania na poziomie lokalnym. W po\u0142\u0105czeniu z odbudow\u0105 siedlisk i innymi dzia\u0142aniami na rzecz ochrony przyrody, rekonstrukcja spo\u0142eczno\u015bci rybnych w ten spos\u00f3b mo\u017ce przyspieszy\u0107 regeneracj\u0119 ekosystem\u00f3w. Niemniej jednak musimy nadal zmaga\u0107 si\u0119 z wieloma innymi zagro\u017ceniami, takimi jak zmiana klimatu, nadmierna eksploatacja ryb i zanieczyszczenie w\u00f3d, aby chroni\u0107 te delikatne ekosystemy».<\/p>\n

Pan Gordon doda\u0142: «Chocia\u017c przyci\u0105gni\u0119cie wi\u0119kszej liczby ryb samo w sobie nie uratuje raf koralowych, nowe metody, takie jak ta, daj\u0105 nam wi\u0119cej narz\u0119dzi w walce o ratunek tych cennych i wra\u017cliwych ekosystem\u00f3w. Od innowacji w lokalnym zarz\u0105dzaniu po mi\u0119dzynarodowe dzia\u0142ania polityczne, potrzebny jest znaczny post\u0119p na wszystkich poziomach, aby zapewni\u0107 lepsz\u0105 przysz\u0142o\u015b\u0107 dla raf na ca\u0142ym \u015bwiecie».<\/p>\n

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\u0179r\u00f3d\u0142o: 3dnews.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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