{"id":100767,"date":"2021-07-15T16:22:45","date_gmt":"2021-07-15T14:22:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-v-podsisteme-yadra-linux-netfilter"},"modified":"2021-07-15T16:22:45","modified_gmt":"2021-07-15T14:22:45","slug":"uyazvimost-v-podsisteme-yadra-linux-netfilter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/uyazvimost-v-podsisteme-yadra-linux-netfilter","title":{"rendered":"Vulnerabilidade no subsistema do n\u00facleo do Linux Netfilter","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>No Netfilter, um subsistema do kernel Linux usado para filtrar e modificar pacotes de rede, foi identificada uma vulnerabilidade (CVE-2021-22555) que permite a um usu\u00e1rio local obter privil\u00e9gios de root no sistema, mesmo estando em um cont\u00eainer isolado. Um prot\u00f3tipo funcional de um exploit foi desenvolvido para testar, contornando os mecanismos de prote\u00e7\u00e3o KASLR, SMAP e SMEP. O pesquisador que descobriu a vulnerabilidade recebeu da Google uma recompensa de 20 mil d\u00f3lares por identificar o m\u00e9todo de contorno da isola\u00e7\u00e3o de cont\u00eaineres Kubernetes em um cluster kCTF.        <\/p>\n<p>O problema se manifesta a partir do kernel 2.6.19, lan\u00e7ado h\u00e1 15 anos, e \u00e9 causado por um erro nos manipuladores IPT_SO_SET_REPLACE e IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACE, resultando em um estouro de buffer ao enviar par\u00e2metros especialmente formatados atrav\u00e9s da chamada setsockopt em modo compat. Normalmente, a chamada compat_setsockopt() s\u00f3 pode ser executada por um usu\u00e1rio root, mas as permiss\u00f5es necess\u00e1rias para realizar o ataque tamb\u00e9m podem ser obtidas por um usu\u00e1rio n\u00e3o privilegiado em sistemas com suporte a namespaces de usu\u00e1rios habilitado.     <\/p>\n<p>O usu\u00e1rio pode criar um cont\u00eainer com um usu\u00e1rio root separado e explor\u00e1-lo para aproveitar a vulnerabilidade. Por exemplo, os &#171;namespaces de usu\u00e1rio&#187; est\u00e3o ativados por padr\u00e3o no Ubuntu e Fedora, mas n\u00e3o est\u00e3o ativados no Debian e RHEL. O patch para corrigir a vulnerabilidade foi incorporado ao kernel do Linux em 13 de abril. As atualiza\u00e7\u00f5es de pacotes j\u00e1 foram formadas pelos projetos Debian, Arch Linux e Fedora. No Ubuntu, RHEL e SUSE, as atualiza\u00e7\u00f5es est\u00e3o em fase de prepara\u00e7\u00e3o.      <\/p>\n<p>O problema ocorre na fun\u00e7\u00e3o xt_compat_target_from_user() devido ao c\u00e1lculo incorreto do tamanho da mem\u00f3ria ao salvar as estruturas do kernel ap\u00f3s a convers\u00e3o de uma representa\u00e7\u00e3o de 32 para 64 bits. A falha permite gravar quatro bytes zero em qualquer posi\u00e7\u00e3o al\u00e9m do buffer alocado, limitada ao deslocamento 0x4C. Essa capacidade foi suficiente para criar um exploit que permite a obten\u00e7\u00e3o de privil\u00e9gios de root \u2014 atrav\u00e9s da limpeza do ponteiro m_list-&gt;next na estrutura msg_msg, foram criadas condi\u00e7\u00f5es para acessar dados ap\u00f3s a libera\u00e7\u00e3o da mem\u00f3ria (use-after-free), que foi ent\u00e3o utilizada para obter informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre endere\u00e7os e modificar outras estruturas por meio da manipula\u00e7\u00e3o da chamada de sistema msgsnd().<br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=55488\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 Netfilter, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c (CVE-2021-22555), \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0438 root \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0435. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043f \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b KASLR, SMAP \u0438 SMEP. \u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b \u043e\u0442 Google \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c 20 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0437\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-100767","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 Netfilter, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 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