{"id":101790,"date":"2021-10-26T16:22:50","date_gmt":"2021-10-26T14:22:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/proekt-kerla-razvivaet-linux-sovmestimoe-yadro-na-yazyke-rust"},"modified":"2021-10-26T16:22:50","modified_gmt":"2021-10-26T14:22:51","slug":"proekt-kerla-razvivaet-linux-sovmestimoe-yadro-na-yazyke-rust","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/proekt-kerla-razvivaet-linux-sovmestimoe-yadro-na-yazyke-rust","title":{"rendered":"O projeto Kerla est\u00e1 desenvolvendo um n\u00facleo compat\u00edvel com Linux na linguagem Rust","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

No \u00e2mbito do projeto Kerla, est\u00e1 sendo desenvolvido o n\u00facleo de um sistema operacional escrito na linguagem Rust. O novo n\u00facleo \u00e9 inicialmente voltado para garantir compatibilidade com o n\u00facleo do Linux em n\u00edvel ABI, o que permitir\u00e1 executar arquivos execut\u00e1veis n\u00e3o modificados, compilados para Linux, em um ambiente baseado no Kerla. O c\u00f3digo \u00e9 distribu\u00eddo sob as licen\u00e7as Apache 2.0 e MIT. O projeto \u00e9 desenvolvido pelo programador japon\u00eas Seiya Nuta, conhecido pela cria\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema operacional de micro n\u00facleos Resea, escrito na linguagem C. <\/p>\n

Na fase atual de desenvolvimento, o Kerla pode operar apenas em sistemas com arquitetura x86_64 e implementa chamadas de sistema b\u00e1sicas, como write, stat, mmap, pipe e poll, suportando sinais, canais nomeados e trocas de contexto. Para gerenciamento de processos, s\u00e3o fornecidas chamadas como fork, wait4 e execve. H\u00e1 suporte para tty e pseudoterminais (pty). At\u00e9 o momento, os sistemas de arquivos suportados incluem initramfs (utilizado para montar o sistema de arquivos raiz), tmpfs e devfs. Um stack de rede com suporte a sockets TCP e UDP foi implementado com a biblioteca smoltcp. <\/p>\n

O desenvolvedor preparou um ambiente de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o que pode ser executado no QEMU ou no m\u00e1quina virtual<\/a> Firecracker com o driver virtio-net, ao qual j\u00e1 \u00e9 poss\u00edvel se conectar por SSH. A biblioteca do sistema utilizada \u00e9 o musl, e as utilidades do usu\u00e1rio s\u00e3o \u2014 BusyBox.

\"O<\/center> <\/p>\n

Com base no Docker, foi desenvolvida uma sistema de constru\u00e7\u00e3o que permite criar suas pr\u00f3prias imagens de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o initramfs com o n\u00facleo do Kerla. Separadamente, est\u00e1 sendo desenvolvida uma shell semelhante ao fish, chamada nsh, e um stack GUI chamado Kazari, baseado no protocolo Wayland.

\"O<\/center> <\/p>\n

O uso da linguagem Rust em um projeto permite reduzir o n\u00famero de erros no c\u00f3digo gra\u00e7as \u00e0 aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de t\u00e9cnicas de programa\u00e7\u00e3o segura e ao aumento da efici\u00eancia na identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de problemas relacionados \u00e0 mem\u00f3ria. A opera\u00e7\u00e3o segura com a mem\u00f3ria em Rust \u00e9 garantida durante a compila\u00e7\u00e3o por meio da verifica\u00e7\u00e3o de refer\u00eancias, rastreamento da posse de objetos e considera\u00e7\u00e3o do tempo de vida dos objetos (escopo), al\u00e9m da avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da corre\u00e7\u00e3o no acesso \u00e0 mem\u00f3ria durante a execu\u00e7\u00e3o do c\u00f3digo. Al\u00e9m disso, Rust oferece ferramentas para prote\u00e7\u00e3o contra estouros inteiros, exige a inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o obrigat\u00f3ria dos valores das vari\u00e1veis antes do uso, aplica o conceito de refer\u00eancias e vari\u00e1veis imut\u00e1veis (immutable) por padr\u00e3o, e oferece forte tipagem est\u00e1tica para minimizar erros l\u00f3gicos, facilitando o tratamento de valores de entrada por meio de t\u00e9cnicas de correspond\u00eancia de padr\u00f5es. <\/p>\n

Para o desenvolvimento de componentes de baixo n\u00edvel, como o n\u00facleo do sistema operacional, Rust oferece suporte a ponteiros brutos, empacotamento de estruturas, inser\u00e7\u00f5es inline de assembleia e a inclus\u00e3o de arquivos em assembleia. Para opera\u00e7\u00f5es que n\u00e3o dependem da biblioteca padr\u00e3o, existem pacotes de crate independentes para realizar opera\u00e7\u00f5es com strings, vetores e flags de bits. Dentre os benef\u00edcios, destacam-se as ferramentas integradas para avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da qualidade do c\u00f3digo (linter, rust-analyzer) e a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de testes unit\u00e1rios, que podem ser executados n\u00e3o apenas em hardware real, mas tamb\u00e9m no QEMU.
\n
Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Kerla \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust. \u041d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c Linux \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 ABI, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 Kerla \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u044b, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f Linux. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 Apache 2.0 \u0438 MIT. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044f\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0421\u0435\u0439\u044f \u041d\u0443\u0442\u0430 (Seiya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":101791,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-101790","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47O projeto Kerla desenvolve um n\u00facleo compat\u00edvel com Linux em Rust | ProHoster","description":"No \u00e2mbito do projeto Kerla, est\u00e1 em desenvolvimento um n\u00facleo de sistema operacional escrito na linguagem 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