{"id":102428,"date":"2021-11-30T15:36:39","date_gmt":"2021-11-30T13:36:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vortex-otkrytyj-gpgpu-na-baze-arhitektury-risc-v-sovmestimyj-s-opencl"},"modified":"2021-11-30T15:36:39","modified_gmt":"2021-11-30T13:36:41","slug":"vortex-otkrytyj-gpgpu-na-baze-arhitektury-risc-v-sovmestimyj-s-opencl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/vortex-otkrytyj-gpgpu-na-baze-arhitektury-risc-v-sovmestimyj-s-opencl","title":{"rendered":"Vortex \u2014 GPGPU aberto baseado na arquitetura RISC-V, compat\u00edvel com OpenCL","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Um grupo de pesquisadores do Instituto de Tecnologia da Ge\u00f3rgia est\u00e1 desenvolvendo o projeto de pesquisa Vortex, que oferece uma GPGPU aberta baseada na arquitetura do conjunto de instru\u00e7\u00f5es RISC-V, visando realizar c\u00e1lculos paralelos utilizando a API OpenCL e o modelo de execu\u00e7\u00e3o SIMT (Single Instruction, Multiple Threads), al\u00e9m de conduzir pesquisas em gr\u00e1ficos 3D e desenvolver novas arquiteturas de GPU. O projeto ainda est\u00e1 na fase de prot\u00f3tipo, operando com FPGAs. Os esquemas, descri\u00e7\u00f5es de blocos de hardware em Verilog, simuladores, drivers e a documenta\u00e7\u00e3o do projeto s\u00e3o distribu\u00eddos sob a licen\u00e7a BSD.     <\/p>\n<p>Na forma atual, \u00e9 oferecido um ISA padr\u00e3o RISC-V, ampliado com algumas instru\u00e7\u00f5es adicionais necess\u00e1rias para suportar fun\u00e7\u00f5es de GPU e gerenciamento de threads. Durante o desenvolvimento, os autores do projeto tentaram minimizar as mudan\u00e7as na arquitetura do conjunto de instru\u00e7\u00f5es RISC-V, utilizando ao m\u00e1ximo as instru\u00e7\u00f5es vetoriais j\u00e1 existentes. Uma abordagem semelhante tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 aplicada no projeto RV64X, que tamb\u00e9m desenvolve uma GPU aberta baseada nas tecnologias RISC-V.  <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vortex - GPGPU aberto baseado na arquitetura RISC-V, compat\u00edvel com OpenCL\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/b28015da9f9188f87f402a8b14ee070b.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>        <\/p>\n<p>As capacidades do Vortex para processamento gr\u00e1fico ainda s\u00e3o limitadas. Foi anunciado que haver\u00e1 suporte para OpenGL ES baseado no Vortex, mas no pr\u00f3prio GPU ainda est\u00e1 implementada apenas a instru\u00e7\u00e3o &#171;tex&#187; para acelerar o processamento de texturas, que \u00e9 realizada no n\u00edvel do shader de fragmento. O rasterizador embutido est\u00e1 ausente \u2014 todo o processamento de opera\u00e7\u00f5es geom\u00e9tricas \u00e9 realizado pelo CPU do sistema, e os primitivos b\u00e1sicos para pontos, linhas e tri\u00e2ngulos, assim como o processamento de fragmentos, profundidade e transpar\u00eancia, s\u00e3o implementados usando o n\u00facleo OpenCL.   <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vortex - GPGPU aberto baseado na arquitetura RISC-V, compat\u00edvel com OpenCL\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/a12215387481ff353fb2fd4454c286da.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>    <\/p>\n<p>No futuro, est\u00e1 previsto implementar extens\u00f5es ISA espec\u00edficas para processamento gr\u00e1fico, adicionar suporte para as APIs CUDA e Vulkan, bem como extens\u00f5es para acelerar sistemas de aprendizado de m\u00e1quina e an\u00e1lise de dados. Para o desenvolvimento de aplicativos, \u00e9 oferecida uma caixa de ferramentas que inclui op\u00e7\u00f5es do PoCL (compilador e runtime OpenCL) adaptadas para trabalhar com Vortex, LLVM\/Clang, GCC e Binutils. \u00c9 suportada a simula\u00e7\u00e3o do funcionamento do chip utilizando Verilator (simulador Verilog) e SimX (simula\u00e7\u00e3o de software).    <center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Vortex - GPGPU aberto baseado na arquitetura RISC-V, compat\u00edvel com OpenCL\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/d0b801f648a6863f190ec62c4a36fb6a.jpg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center>    <\/p>\n<p>Principais caracter\u00edsticas do Vortex:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Suporte \u00e0 arquitetura do conjunto de instru\u00e7\u00f5es RISC-V RV32IMF.\n<li class=\"l\"> Escalonamento do chip at\u00e9 64 n\u00facleos com caches L2 e L3 opcionais.\n<li class=\"l\"> Cada n\u00facleo pode executar 1024 threads e operar a uma frequ\u00eancia de 250 MHz.\n<li class=\"l\"> A capacidade computacional m\u00e1xima \u00e9 estimada em 128 Gflops, enquanto a largura de banda da mem\u00f3ria \u00e9 de 16 GB\/s. A implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de 32 n\u00facleos, operando a uma frequ\u00eancia de 200 MHz, com a FPGA Altera Stratix 10, demonstrou um desempenho de 25,6 GFlops.\n<li class=\"l\"> Suporte ao padr\u00e3o OpenCL 1.2.\n<li class=\"l\"> Possibilidade de implementa\u00e7\u00e3o baseada em FPGA Intel Arria 10 e Intel Stratix 10.    <\/ul>\n<p>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=56253\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0422\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0414\u0436\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 Vortex, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0439 GPGPU \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 RISC-V, \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c API OpenCL \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f SIMT (Single Instruction, Multiple Threads), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 3D-\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440 GPU. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":102429,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102428","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0422\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0414\u0436\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 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