Devido ao aumento dos casos de sequestro de reposit\u00f3rios de grandes projetos e \u00e0 dissemina\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo malicioso atrav\u00e9s da compromiss\u00e3o de contas de desenvolvedores, a empresa GitHub implementar\u00e1 a verifica\u00e7\u00e3o avan\u00e7ada de contas em todos os usu\u00e1rios. Al\u00e9m disso, a partir do in\u00edcio do pr\u00f3ximo ano, ser\u00e1 introduzida a autentica\u00e7\u00e3o de dois fatores obrigat\u00f3ria para os mantenedores e administradores dos 500 pacotes NPM mais populares. <\/p>\n
De 7 de dezembro de 2021 at\u00e9 4 de janeiro de 2022, ser\u00e1 feito a transi\u00e7\u00e3o de todos os mantenedores com direito \u00e0 publica\u00e7\u00e3o de pacotes NPM, mas que n\u00e3o utilizam a autentica\u00e7\u00e3o de dois fatores, para a verifica\u00e7\u00e3o avan\u00e7ada de contas. A verifica\u00e7\u00e3o avan\u00e7ada requer a inser\u00e7\u00e3o de um c\u00f3digo \u00fanico enviado por e-mail ao tentar acessar o site npmjs.com ou ao realizar uma opera\u00e7\u00e3o autenticada na ferramenta npm. <\/p>\n
A verifica\u00e7\u00e3o avan\u00e7ada n\u00e3o substitui, mas complementa a autentica\u00e7\u00e3o de dois fatores opcional anteriormente dispon\u00edvel, que requer confirma\u00e7\u00e3o usando senhas \u00fanicas (TOTP). Quando a autentica\u00e7\u00e3o de dois fatores est\u00e1 ativada, a verifica\u00e7\u00e3o avan\u00e7ada por e-mail n\u00e3o \u00e9 aplicada. A partir de 1\u00ba de fevereiro de 2022, come\u00e7ar\u00e1 o processo de transi\u00e7\u00e3o para a autentica\u00e7\u00e3o de dois fatores obrigat\u00f3ria para os mantenedores dos 100 pacotes NPM mais populares, que t\u00eam o maior n\u00famero de depend\u00eancias. Ap\u00f3s a migra\u00e7\u00e3o dos primeiros 100, a mudan\u00e7a ser\u00e1 expandida para os 500 pacotes NPM mais populares em termos de depend\u00eancias. <\/p>\n
Al\u00e9m do esquema de autentica\u00e7\u00e3o de dois fatores baseado em aplicativos para gerar senhas \u00fanicas (Authy, Google Authenticator, FreeOTP, etc.) atualmente dispon\u00edvel, em abril de 2022, planeja-se adicionar a possibilidade de uso de chaves de hardware e scanners biom\u00e9tricos, que t\u00eam suporte ao protocolo WebAuthn, bem como a capacidade de registrar e gerenciar diferentes fatores adicionais de autentica\u00e7\u00e3o. <\/p>\n
Vale lembrar que, de acordo com uma pesquisa realizada em 2020, apenas 9,27% dos mantenedores de pacotes utilizam autentica\u00e7\u00e3o de dois fatores para proteger o acesso, e em 13,37% dos casos, ao registrar novas contas, os desenvolvedores tentaram reutilizar senhas comprometidas que constam em vazamentos conhecidos. Durante a verifica\u00e7\u00e3o da seguran\u00e7a das senhas utilizadas, foi poss\u00edvel acessar 12% das contas no NPM (13% dos pacotes) devido ao uso de senhas previs\u00edveis e triviais, como \"123456\". Entre os problemas, encontraram-se 4 contas de usu\u00e1rios dos 20 pacotes mais populares, 13 contas de pacotes que foram baixados mais de 50 milh\u00f5es de vezes por m\u00eas, 40 com mais de 10 milh\u00f5es de downloads mensais e 282 com mais de 1 milh\u00e3o de downloads por m\u00eas. Considerando o download de m\u00f3dulos na cadeia de depend\u00eancias, a comprova\u00e7\u00e3o de contas n\u00e3o seguras poderia afetar at\u00e9 52% de todos os m\u00f3dulos no NPM. \u0412 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439 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Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"