{"id":103599,"date":"2022-03-23T15:37:14","date_gmt":"2022-03-23T13:37:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-java-se-18"},"modified":"2022-03-23T15:37:14","modified_gmt":"2022-03-23T13:37:14","slug":"vypusk-java-se-18","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/vypusk-java-se-18","title":{"rendered":"Lan\u00e7amento do Java SE 18","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ap\u00f3s seis meses de desenvolvimento, a Oracle lan\u00e7ou a plataforma Java SE 18 (Java Platform, Standard Edition 18), cuja implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de refer\u00eancia \u00e9 baseada no projeto aberto OpenJDK. Exceto pela remo\u00e7\u00e3o de algumas funcionalidades obsoletas, o Java SE 18 mant\u00e9m a compatibilidade retroativa com vers\u00f5es anteriores da plataforma Java \u2014 a maioria dos projetos Java escritos anteriormente funcionar\u00e1 sem altera\u00e7\u00f5es ao ser executada na nova vers\u00e3o. As compila\u00e7\u00f5es da Java SE 18 (JDK, JRE e Server JRE) preparadas para instala\u00e7\u00e3o est\u00e3o dispon\u00edveis para Linux (x86_64, AArch64), Windows (x86_64) e macOS (x86_64, AArch64). A implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de refer\u00eancia Java 18, desenvolvida no \u00e2mbito do projeto OpenJDK, \u00e9 totalmente aberta sob a licen\u00e7a GPLv2, com exce\u00e7\u00f5es do GNU ClassPath que permitem a vincula\u00e7\u00e3o din\u00e2mica a produtos comerciais.     <\/p>\n<p>O Java SE 18 \u00e9 classificado como uma vers\u00e3o com ciclo de suporte regular, com atualiza\u00e7\u00f5es sendo lan\u00e7adas at\u00e9 o pr\u00f3ximo lan\u00e7amento. Para uma vers\u00e3o com suporte de longo prazo (LTS), recomenda-se o uso do Java SE 17, cuja atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o ser\u00e1 disponibilizada at\u00e9 2029. Vale lembrar que, a partir do lan\u00e7amento do Java 10, o projeto passou a adotar um novo processo de desenvolvimento, com um ciclo mais curto para a forma\u00e7\u00e3o de novos lan\u00e7amentos. Novas funcionalidades agora s\u00e3o desenvolvidas em um branch master continuamente atualizado, que incorpora mudan\u00e7as j\u00e1 finalizadas e a partir do qual s\u00e3o ramificadas vers\u00f5es para estabiliza\u00e7\u00e3o a cada seis meses.     <\/p>\n<p>Entre as novidades do Java 18, podemos destacar:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> A codifica\u00e7\u00e3o UTF-8 \u00e9 utilizada por padr\u00e3o. As APIs Java que manipulam dados de texto levando em considera\u00e7\u00e3o a codifica\u00e7\u00e3o de caracteres agora usar\u00e3o UTF-8 por padr\u00e3o em todas as plataformas, independentemente das configura\u00e7\u00f5es do sistema ou da localidade definida. Para retornar ao comportamento anterior, onde a codifica\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 escolhida com base na localidade do sistema, pode-se usar o par\u00e2metro \u201c-Dfile.encoding=COMPAT\u201d.\n<li class=\"l\"> O pacote com.sun.net.httpserver foi inclu\u00eddo, que cont\u00e9m a ferramenta jwebserver e uma API de biblioteca com a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de um servidor http simples para entregar conte\u00fado est\u00e1tico (CGI e manipuladores semelhantes a servlet n\u00e3o s\u00e3o suportados). O servidor http incorporado n\u00e3o \u00e9 otimizado para cargas de trabalho e n\u00e3o suporta controle de acesso e autentica\u00e7\u00e3o, pois \u00e9 voltado principalmente para uso durante o desenvolvimento para a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de prot\u00f3tipos, depura\u00e7\u00e3o e teste de projetos.\n<li class=\"l\"> O JavaDoc implementou suporte para a tag \u201c@snippet\u201d para incorporar exemplos de trabalho e trechos de c\u00f3digo na documenta\u00e7\u00e3o da API, que podem ser verificados, real\u00e7ados e integrados com IDEs.\n<li class=\"l\"> A implementa\u00e7\u00e3o da API java.lang.reflect (Core Reflection) foi reformulada, destinada a obter informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre m\u00e9todos, campos e construtores de classes, bem como acesso \u00e0 estrutura interna das classes. A pr\u00f3pria API java.lang.reflect permaneceu inalterada, mas agora \u00e9 implementada por meio do uso de descritores de m\u00e9todos (method handles), fornecidos pelo m\u00f3dulo java.lang.invoke, em vez de utilizar geradores de bytecode. A mudan\u00e7a permitiu unificar as implementa\u00e7\u00f5es de java.lang.reflect e java.lang.invoke, simplificando sua manuten\u00e7\u00e3o.\n<li class=\"l\"> Uma terceira implementa\u00e7\u00e3o preliminar da API Vector foi proposta, fornecendo fun\u00e7\u00f5es para c\u00e1lculos vetoriais que s\u00e3o realizados usando instru\u00e7\u00f5es vetoriais de processadores x86_64 e AArch64, permitindo a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o simult\u00e2nea de opera\u00e7\u00f5es a v\u00e1rios valores (SIMD). Ao contr\u00e1rio das capacidades de vetoriza\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica de opera\u00e7\u00f5es escalares oferecidas pelo compilador JIT HotSpot, a nova API permite o controle expl\u00edcito da vetoriza\u00e7\u00e3o para o processamento paralelo de dados.\n<li class=\"l\"> Uma interface SPI (service-provider interface) foi adicionada para a resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de nomes de hosts e <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/lir\/ipv4\/\"   title=\"endere\u00e7os IP\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"851\">endere\u00e7os IP<\/a>, permitindo que java.net.InetAddress utilize resolvedores alternativos, n\u00e3o vinculados aos manipuladores oferecidos pelo sistema operacional.\n<li class=\"l\"> Uma segunda implementa\u00e7\u00e3o preliminar da API Foreign Function &amp; Memory foi proposta, permitindo que aplicativos interajam com c\u00f3digo e dados fora do ambiente de execu\u00e7\u00e3o Java. A nova API possibilita chamadas eficientes para fun\u00e7\u00f5es que n\u00e3o s\u00e3o executadas na JVM e acessa mem\u00f3ria n\u00e3o gerenciada pela JVM. Por exemplo, \u00e9 poss\u00edvel chamar fun\u00e7\u00f5es de bibliotecas compartilhadas externas e acessar dados de processos sem usar o JNI.\n<li class=\"l\"> Uma segunda implementa\u00e7\u00e3o experimental de correspond\u00eancia de padr\u00f5es nas express\u00f5es &#171;switch&#187; foi adicionada, permitindo que em r\u00f3tulos &#171;case&#187; sejam usados n\u00e3o apenas valores exatos, mas padr\u00f5es flex\u00edveis que abrangem uma s\u00e9rie de valores. Antes, era necess\u00e1rio usar longas cadeias de express\u00f5es &#171;if&#8230;else&#187;.          Object o = 123L;     String formatted = switch (o) {         case Integer i -&gt; String.format(&#171;int %d&#187;, i);         case Long l    -&gt; String.format(&#171;long %d&#187;, l);         case Double d  -&gt; String.format(&#171;double %f&#187;, d);         case String s  -&gt; String.format(&#171;String %s&#187;, s);         default        -&gt; o.toString();     };\n<li class=\"l\"> O mecanismo de finaliza\u00e7\u00e3o foi declarado obsoleto e ser\u00e1 desativado em uma das pr\u00f3ximas vers\u00f5es, assim como os m\u00e9todos relacionados, como Object.finalize(), Enum.finalize(), Runtime.runFinalization() e System.runFinalization().\n<li class=\"l\"> Os coletores de lixo ZGC (Z Garbage Collector), SerialGC e ParallelGC implementaram suporte \u00e0 deduplica\u00e7\u00e3o de strings.    <\/ul>\n<p>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=56899\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Oracle \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443 Java SE 18 (Java Platform, Standard Edition 18), \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 OpenJDK. \u0417\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0432 Java SE 18 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b Java &#8212; \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 Java-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-103599","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Oracle \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0430 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