{"id":104340,"date":"2022-06-10T09:36:51","date_gmt":"2022-06-10T07:36:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/simbiote-vredonosnoe-po-dlya-linux-ispolzuyushhee-ebpf-i-ld_preload-dlya-skrytiya"},"modified":"2022-06-10T09:36:51","modified_gmt":"2022-06-10T07:36:52","slug":"simbiote-vredonosnoe-po-dlya-linux-ispolzuyushhee-ebpf-i-ld_preload-dlya-skrytiya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/simbiote-vredonosnoe-po-dlya-linux-ispolzuyushhee-ebpf-i-ld_preload-dlya-skrytiya","title":{"rendered":"Simbiote \u2014 malware para Linux, utilizando eBPF e LD_PRELOAD para oculta\u00e7\u00e3o","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Pesquisadores das empresas Intezer e BlackBerry descobriram um malware codinome Simbiote, utilizado para injetar backdoors e rootkits em servidores comprometidos que operam sob Linux. O malware foi identificado em sistemas de institui\u00e7\u00f5es financeiras em v\u00e1rios pa\u00edses da Am\u00e9rica Latina. Para instalar o Simbiote no sistema, o invasor deve ter acesso root, que pode ser obtido, por exemplo, como resultado da explora\u00e7\u00e3o de vulnerabilidades n\u00e3o corrigidas ou do vazamento de credenciais. O Simbiote permite que o invasor mantenha sua presen\u00e7a no sistema ap\u00f3s a invas\u00e3o para realizar novos ataques, ocultar a atividade de outros aplicativos maliciosos e organizar a intercepta\u00e7\u00e3o de dados confidenciais. <\/p>\n

Uma caracter\u00edstica do Simbiote \u00e9 a sua distribui\u00e7\u00e3o na forma de uma biblioteca compartilhada, que \u00e9 carregada durante a inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o de todos os processos por meio do mecanismo LD_PRELOAD e substitui algumas chamadas da biblioteca padr\u00e3o. Os manipuladores de chamadas substitu\u00eddas ocultam a atividade relacionada ao backdoor, por exemplo, excluem elementos espec\u00edficos da lista de processos, bloqueiam o acesso a determinados arquivos em \/proc, ocultam arquivos em diret\u00f3rios, excluem a biblioteca compartilhada maliciosa da sa\u00edda do ldd (o que envolve a intercepta\u00e7\u00e3o da fun\u00e7\u00e3o execve e a an\u00e1lise de chamadas com a vari\u00e1vel de ambiente LD_TRACE_LOADED_OBJECTS), e n\u00e3o mostram sockets de rede associados \u00e0 atividade maliciosa. <\/p>\n

Para se proteger contra a inspe\u00e7\u00e3o de tr\u00e1fego, ocorre a redefini\u00e7\u00e3o de fun\u00e7\u00f5es da biblioteca libpcap, a filtragem de leitura de \/proc\/net\/tcp e o carregamento no kernel de programas eBPF, que impedem o funcionamento de analisadores de tr\u00e1fego e descartam solicita\u00e7\u00f5es externas para seus pr\u00f3prios manipuladores de rede. O programa eBPF \u00e9 iniciado entre os primeiros manipuladores e \u00e9 executado no n\u00edvel mais baixo da pilha de rede, o que permite ocultar a atividade de rede do backdoor, inclusive de analisadores que s\u00e3o iniciados posteriormente. <\/p>\n

O Simbiote tamb\u00e9m permite contornar alguns analisadores de atividade no sistema de arquivos, uma vez que o roubo de dados confidenciais pode ocorrer n\u00e3o no n\u00edvel da abertura de arquivos, mas atrav\u00e9s da intercepta\u00e7\u00e3o de opera\u00e7\u00f5es de leitura desses arquivos em aplicativos leg\u00edtimos (por exemplo, a substitui\u00e7\u00e3o de fun\u00e7\u00f5es de biblioteca permite interceptar a entrada do usu\u00e1rio da senha ou os dados carregados de arquivos com a chave de acesso). Para organizar o acesso remoto, o Simbiote intercepta algumas chamadas PAM (Pluggable Authentication Module), permitindo conectar-se ao sistema via SSH com determinadas credenciais de ataque. Tamb\u00e9m est\u00e1 prevista uma capacidade oculta de eleva\u00e7\u00e3o de privil\u00e9gios para o usu\u00e1rio root atrav\u00e9s da defini\u00e7\u00e3o da vari\u00e1vel de ambiente HTTP_SETTHIS.

\"Simbiote<\/center>
\n
Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 Intezer \u0438 BlackBerry \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u041f\u041e, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f Simbiote \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u044d\u043a\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438 rootkit-\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c Linux. \u0412\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u041f\u041e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d \u041b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 Simbiote \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c root-\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":104341,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104340","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Simbiote \u2014 malware para Linux, utilizando eBPF e LD_PRELOAD para oculta\u00e7\u00e3o | ProHoster","description":"Pesquisadores das empresas Intezer e BlackBerry descobriram um malware codinome Simbiote, utilizado para implantar backdoors e rootkits em servidores comprometidos que operam sob 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