Os desenvolvedores da rede an\u00f4nima Tor lan\u00e7aram a primeira vers\u00e3o est\u00e1vel (1.0.0) do projeto Arti, que desenvolve um cliente Tor escrito na linguagem Rust. A vers\u00e3o 1.0 \u00e9 considerada adequada para uso por usu\u00e1rios comuns e oferece o mesmo n\u00edvel de privacidade, usabilidade e estabilidade que a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o principal em C. A API tamb\u00e9m foi estabilizada, permitindo o uso da funcionalidade do Arti em outras aplica\u00e7\u00f5es. O c\u00f3digo \u00e9 distribu\u00eddo sob as licen\u00e7as Apache 2.0 e MIT. <\/p>\n
Ao contr\u00e1rio da implementa\u00e7\u00e3o em C, que foi inicialmente projetada como um proxy SOCKS e posteriormente ajustada para outras necessidades, o Arti se desenvolve originalmente na forma de uma biblioteca modular embutida, que poder\u00e1 ser utilizada por diferentes aplica\u00e7\u00f5es. Al\u00e9m disso, ao desenvolver o novo projeto, todo o conhecimento adquirido na cria\u00e7\u00e3o do Tor \u00e9 levado em conta, permitindo evitar problemas arquitet\u00f4nicos conhecidos, tornando o projeto mais modular e eficiente. <\/p>\n
A raz\u00e3o para reescrever o Tor em Rust foi o desejo de alcan\u00e7ar um n\u00edvel mais alto de seguran\u00e7a do c\u00f3digo, utilizando uma linguagem que proporciona um trabalho seguro com a mem\u00f3ria. Segundo os desenvolvedores do Tor, pelo menos metade de todas as vulnerabilidades monitoradas pelo projeto ser\u00e1 eliminada na implementa\u00e7\u00e3o em Rust, desde que o c\u00f3digo n\u00e3o utilize blocos «unsafe». Rust tamb\u00e9m permitir\u00e1 maior velocidade de desenvolvimento em compara\u00e7\u00e3o ao C, devido \u00e0 expressividade da linguagem e \u00e0s garantias rigorosas, que permitem evitar retrabalho e a escrita de c\u00f3digo desnecess\u00e1rio. <\/p>\n
Ap\u00f3s o desenvolvimento da primeira vers\u00e3o, o uso da linguagem Rust mostrou-se justific\u00e1vel. Por exemplo, foi observado que, em cada etapa, o c\u00f3digo em Rust apresentava menos erros do que em um desenvolvimento compar\u00e1vel em C — os erros que surgiram durante o processo estavam principalmente relacionados \u00e0 l\u00f3gica e sem\u00e2ntica. A rigorosidade do compilador rustc, que alguns consideram uma desvantagem, acabou se revelando uma vantagem, j\u00e1 que, se o c\u00f3digo compila e passa nos testes, a probabilidade de sua corre\u00e7\u00e3o aumenta significativamente. <\/p>\n
No trabalho na nova vers\u00e3o, a acelera\u00e7\u00e3o no desenvolvimento tamb\u00e9m foi confirmada, o que se relaciona n\u00e3o apenas ao fato de que a funcionalidade foi recriada com base em um modelo existente, mas tamb\u00e9m \u00e0 sem\u00e2ntica mais expressiva do Rust, \u00e0s bibliotecas de fun\u00e7\u00f5es convenientes e ao uso das capacidades do Rust para assegurar a seguran\u00e7a do c\u00f3digo. Entre as desvantagens destaca-se o tamanho grande dos pacotes gerados — como a biblioteca padr\u00e3o do Rust n\u00e3o \u00e9 fornecida nos sistemas por padr\u00e3o, ela precisa ser inclu\u00edda nos pacotes oferecidos para download. <\/p>\n
A vers\u00e3o 1.0 est\u00e1 essencialmente focada no funcionamento b\u00e1sico como cliente. A vers\u00e3o 1.1 ir\u00e1 implementar suporte a transporte plug\u00e1vel e pontes para contornar bloqueios. A vers\u00e3o 1.2 dever\u00e1 incluir suporte a servi\u00e7os onion e funcionalidades associadas, como o protocolo de controle de congestionamento (RTT Congestion Control) e medidas de prote\u00e7\u00e3o contra ataques DDoS. O objetivo de alcan\u00e7ar paridade com o cliente em linguagem C est\u00e1 previsto na vers\u00e3o 2.0, que tamb\u00e9m oferecer\u00e1 bindings para o uso do Arti em c\u00f3digos de v\u00e1rias linguagens de programa\u00e7\u00e3o. <\/p>\n
Nos pr\u00f3ximos anos, o trabalho ser\u00e1 direcionado para a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o das funcionalidades necess\u00e1rias para o funcionamento do rel\u00e9 e servidores<\/a> diret\u00f3rios. Quando o c\u00f3digo em Rust atingir um n\u00edvel capaz de substituir completamente a vers\u00e3o em C, os desenvolvedores pretendem dar ao Arti o status de implementa\u00e7\u00e3o principal do Tor e interromper o suporte \u00e0 implementa\u00e7\u00e3o em C. O suporte \u00e0 vers\u00e3o em C ser\u00e1 gradualmente descontinuado, oferecendo uma migra\u00e7\u00e3o suave. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 Tor \u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a (1.0.0) \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Arti, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e Tor-\u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust. \u0412\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a 1.0 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u044e\u0437\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0421\u0438. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 API, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 Arti \u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u041a\u043e\u0434 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-105011","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Primeira vers\u00e3o est\u00e1vel do Arti, implementa\u00e7\u00e3o oficial do Tor em Rust | ProHoster","description":"Os desenvolvedores da rede an\u00f4nima Tor formaram a primeira vers\u00e3o est\u00e1vel (1.0.0) do projeto Arti, que est\u00e1 desenvolvendo um cliente Tor escrito em 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Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"