{"id":105466,"date":"2022-11-04T09:37:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-04T07:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/lennart-pottering-predlozhil-modernizirovat-razbivku-zagruzochnyh-razdelov"},"modified":"2022-11-04T09:37:00","modified_gmt":"2022-11-04T07:37:00","slug":"lennart-pottering-predlozhil-modernizirovat-razbivku-zagruzochnyh-razdelov","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/lennart-pottering-predlozhil-modernizirovat-razbivku-zagruzochnyh-razdelov","title":{"rendered":"Lennart Pottering prop\u00f4s a moderniza\u00e7\u00e3o da divis\u00e3o das parti\u00e7\u00f5es de boot.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Lennart Poettering continuou a publica\u00e7\u00e3o de ideias sobre a reformula\u00e7\u00e3o de componentes para inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o do Linux e examinou a situa\u00e7\u00e3o da duplica\u00e7\u00e3o de parti\u00e7\u00f5es de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o. A insatisfa\u00e7\u00e3o surgiu do uso de duas parti\u00e7\u00f5es de disco com diferentes sistemas de arquivos organizando a inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o, que s\u00e3o montadas de forma aninhada \u2014 a parti\u00e7\u00e3o \/boot\/efi baseada no sistema de arquivos VFAT com componentes de firmware EFI (EFI System Partition) e a parti\u00e7\u00e3o \/boot baseada nos sistemas de arquivos ext4, btrfs ou xfs, onde s\u00e3o armazenadas as imagens do kernel Linux e initrd, assim como as configura\u00e7\u00f5es do gerenciador de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o. <\/p>\n

A situa\u00e7\u00e3o se agrava pelo fato de que a parti\u00e7\u00e3o EFI \u00e9 compartilhada entre todos os sistemas, enquanto a parti\u00e7\u00e3o de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o com o n\u00facleo e o initrd \u00e9 criada separadamente para cada distribui\u00e7\u00e3o Linux instalada, o que leva \u00e0 necessidade de criar parti\u00e7\u00f5es desnecess\u00e1rias ao instalar m\u00faltiplas distribui\u00e7\u00f5es no sistema. Por sua vez, a necessidade de suportar diferentes sistemas de arquivos complica o carregador de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o, e o uso de parti\u00e7\u00f5es aninhadas dificulta a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o do montamento autom\u00e1tico (a parti\u00e7\u00e3o \/boot\/efi s\u00f3 pode ser montada ap\u00f3s a montagem da parti\u00e7\u00e3o \/boot). <\/p>\n

Lennart sugeriu, sempre que poss\u00edvel, usar apenas uma parti\u00e7\u00e3o de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o e, em sistemas com EFI, por padr\u00e3o, armazenar as imagens do n\u00facleo e do initrd na parti\u00e7\u00e3o VFAT \/efi. Em sistemas sem EFI ou se durante a instala\u00e7\u00e3o a parti\u00e7\u00e3o EFI j\u00e1 existir (utilizando outra OS em paralelo) e n\u00e3o houver espa\u00e7o livre suficiente, pode-se usar uma parti\u00e7\u00e3o separada \/boot com o tipo XBOOTLDR (a parti\u00e7\u00e3o \/efi na tabela de parti\u00e7\u00f5es tem o tipo ESP). As parti\u00e7\u00f5es ESP e XBOOTLDR devem ser criadas em diret\u00f3rios separados (montagem separada de \/efi e \/boot em vez de um montamento aninhado em \/boot\/efi), tornando-as autodetect\u00e1veis e automont\u00e1veis atrav\u00e9s da identifica\u00e7\u00e3o pelo tipo XBOOTLDR na tabela de parti\u00e7\u00f5es (sem a necessidade de especificar a parti\u00e7\u00e3o em \/etc\/fstab). <\/p>\n

A parti\u00e7\u00e3o \/boot ser\u00e1 compartilhada entre todas as distribui\u00e7\u00f5es Linux instaladas no computador, enquanto os arquivos espec\u00edficos de cada distribui\u00e7\u00e3o ser\u00e3o organizados em subdiret\u00f3rios (cada distribui\u00e7\u00e3o instalada ter\u00e1 seu pr\u00f3prio subdiret\u00f3rio). De acordo com a pr\u00e1tica estabelecida e os requisitos da especifica\u00e7\u00e3o UEFI, apenas o sistema de arquivos VFAT \u00e9 utilizado na parti\u00e7\u00e3o com os componentes EFI. Para padronizar e evitar complica\u00e7\u00f5es para o carregador de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o, recomenda-se usar VFAT tamb\u00e9m como o sistema de arquivos para a parti\u00e7\u00e3o \/boot, o que simplificar\u00e1 significativamente a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o dos componentes que atuam do lado do carregador e acessam dados nas parti\u00e7\u00f5es \/boot e \/efi. A padroniza\u00e7\u00e3o permitir\u00e1 o suporte equitativo a ambas as parti\u00e7\u00f5es (\/boot e \/efi) para a inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o de imagens do kernel e initrd.
\n
Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-105466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Lennaert Pottering prop\u00f4s modernizar a parti\u00e7\u00e3o dos carregadores | ProHoster","description":"Lennaert Pottering continuou a publicar ideias sobre a reestrutura\u00e7\u00e3o dos componentes para o carregamento do Linux e analisou a situa\u00e7\u00e3o dos particionamentos 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