Foram lan\u00e7adas as vers\u00f5es corretivas do sistema de controle de vers\u00f5es distribu\u00eddo Git 2.39.1, 2.38.3, 2.37.5, 2.36.4, 2.35.6, 2.34.6, 2.33.6, 2.32.5, 2.31.6 e 2.30.7, nas quais foram corrigidas duas vulnerabilidades que permitem a execu\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo n\u00e3o autorizado no sistema do usu\u00e1rio ao utilizar o comando «git archive» e ao trabalhar com reposit\u00f3rios externos n\u00e3o confi\u00e1veis. As vulnerabilidades foram causadas por erros na formata\u00e7\u00e3o de commits e na an\u00e1lise do arquivo «.gitattributes», que, ao lidar com reposit\u00f3rios externos, podem resultar em escrita em \u00e1reas de mem\u00f3ria fora da pilha e leitura de dados arbitr\u00e1rios da mem\u00f3ria. <\/p>\n
Ambas as vulnerabilidades foram identificadas durante uma auditoria de seguran\u00e7a no c\u00f3digo-base do Git, realizada pela empresa X41 a pedido do fundo OSTIF (Open Source Technology Improvement Fund), criado com o objetivo de aumentar a seguran\u00e7a de projetos de c\u00f3digo aberto. Al\u00e9m dos dois problemas cr\u00edticos mencionados, a auditoria tamb\u00e9m encontrou uma vulnerabilidade grave, uma de m\u00e9dio risco e quatro problemas considerados n\u00e3o perigosos. Tamb\u00e9m foram dadas 27 recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es para melhorar a seguran\u00e7a do c\u00f3digo-base. <\/p>\n
A vulnerabilidade se manifesta tanto em chamadas diretas com par\u00e2metros de formata\u00e7\u00e3o especialmente formatados (por exemplo, ao executar «git log —format=…»), quanto de forma indireta atrav\u00e9s da aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de formata\u00e7\u00e3o durante a execu\u00e7\u00e3o do comando «git archive» em um reposit\u00f3rio controlado pelo atacante. No segundo caso, os modificadores de formata\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o definidos pelo par\u00e2metro export-subst no arquivo «.gitattributes», que pode ser hospedado pelo atacante em seu pr\u00f3prio reposit\u00f3rio. O problema pode ser explorado para ler e escrever em \u00e1reas arbitr\u00e1rias na pilha e levar \u00e0 execu\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo malicioso ao trabalhar com reposit\u00f3rios n\u00e3o verificados. <\/p>\n
\u00c9 poss\u00edvel acompanhar a publica\u00e7\u00e3o de atualiza\u00e7\u00f5es de pacotes nas distribui\u00e7\u00f5es nas p\u00e1ginas: Debian, Ubuntu, Gentoo, RHEL, SUSE, Arch, FreeBSD, NetBSD. Para reduzir o risco de um ataque quando n\u00e3o \u00e9 poss\u00edvel instalar atualiza\u00e7\u00f5es a tempo, recomenda-se evitar trabalhar com reposit\u00f3rios n\u00e3o confi\u00e1veis e usar o comando \u2018git archive\u2019. \u00c9 importante lembrar que o comando \u2018git archive\u2019 pode ser executado implicitamente, por exemplo, a partir do git daemon. Para desativar a execu\u00e7\u00e3o do \u2018git archive\u2019 no git daemon, deve-se alterar o par\u00e2metro daemon.uploadArch com o comando \u2018git config \u2014global daemon.uploadArch false\u2019. <\/p>\n
Al\u00e9m disso, pode-se destacar mais uma vulnerabilidade (CVE-2022-41953) no produto Git para Windows, que permite a execu\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo ao clonar reposit\u00f3rios externos n\u00e3o verificados atrav\u00e9s da interface gr\u00e1fica. O problema \u00e9 causado pelo fato de que o Git GUI para Windows executa automaticamente alguns comandos de p\u00f3s-processamento ap\u00f3s a opera\u00e7\u00e3o \u2018checkout\u2019, como a execu\u00e7\u00e3o do programa de verifica\u00e7\u00e3o de ortografia, considerando que os caminhos de busca do arquivo de verifica\u00e7\u00e3o de ortografia incluem a \u00e1rvore de trabalho clonada (o ataque se resume a adicionar o verificador de ortografia na \u00e1rvore de trabalho do reposit\u00f3rio). \u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 Git 2.39.1, 2.38.3, 2.37.5, 2.36.4, 2.35.6, 2.34.6, 2.33.6, 2.32.5, 2.31.6 \u0438 2.30.7, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b «git archive» \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-106404","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Duas vulnerabilidades no Git que podem levar \u00e0 execu\u00e7\u00e3o remota de c\u00f3digo | ProHoster","description":"Foram publicados lan\u00e7amentos corretivos do sistema de controle de vers\u00e3o distribu\u00eddo Git 2.39.1, 2.38.3, 2.37.5, 2.36.4, 2.35.6, 2.34.6, 2.33.6, 2.32.5, 2.31.6 e 2.30.7, nos quais duas vulnerabilidades foram 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Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"