{"id":107724,"date":"2023-04-04T18:48:10","date_gmt":"2023-04-04T16:48:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/?p=107724"},"modified":"2023-04-04T19:05:55","modified_gmt":"2023-04-04T17:05:55","slug":"v-fedora-rassmatrivayut-vozmozhnost-primeneniya-shifrovaniya-fs-po-umolchaniyu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/v-fedora-rassmatrivayut-vozmozhnost-primeneniya-shifrovaniya-fs-po-umolchaniyu","title":{"rendered":"O Fedora est\u00e1 considerando a possibilidade de aplicar criptografia do sistema de arquivos por padr\u00e3o","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Owen Taylor, criador do GNOME Shell e da biblioteca Pango, que faz parte do grupo de trabalho de desenvolvimento do Fedora para esta\u00e7\u00f5es de trabalho, apresentou uma proposta para a criptografia padr\u00e3o das parti\u00e7\u00f5es de sistema e dos diret\u00f3rios pessoais dos usu\u00e1rios no Fedora Workstation. Entre os benef\u00edcios da ado\u00e7\u00e3o da criptografia padr\u00e3o est\u00e3o a prote\u00e7\u00e3o de dados em caso de roubo de laptop, a defesa contra ataques a dispositivos deixados sem supervis\u00e3o, e a manuten\u00e7\u00e3o da privacidade e integridade desde o in\u00edcio, sem necessidade de manobras adicionais. <\/p>\n

De acordo com o esbo\u00e7o preparado, a criptografia deve utilizar Btrfs fscrypt. Para as parti\u00e7\u00f5es do sistema, as chaves de criptografia devem ser armazenadas no m\u00f3dulo TPM e utilizadas em associa\u00e7\u00e3o com assinaturas digitais, aplicadas para verificar a integridade do carregador de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o, do n\u00facleo e do initrd (ou seja, na fase de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema, o usu\u00e1rio n\u00e3o precisar\u00e1 inserir uma senha para descriptografar as parti\u00e7\u00f5es do sistema). Ao criptografar os diret\u00f3rios pessoais, as chaves devem ser geradas com base no nome de usu\u00e1rio e na senha do usu\u00e1rio (a conex\u00e3o ao diret\u00f3rio pessoal criptografado ser\u00e1 realizada no momento do login do usu\u00e1rio). <\/p>\n

Os prazos para a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o da iniciativa dependem da transi\u00e7\u00e3o da distribui\u00e7\u00e3o para uma imagem de n\u00facleo unificada (UKI - Unified Kernel Image), que combina em um \u00fanico arquivo o manipulador para carregar o n\u00facleo a partir do UEFI (UEFI boot stub), a imagem do n\u00facleo Linux e o ambiente de sistema inicializ\u00e1vel em mem\u00f3ria initrd. Sem o suporte do UKI, n\u00e3o \u00e9 poss\u00edvel garantir a invariabilidade do conte\u00fado do ambiente initrd, onde as chaves para a descriptografia do FS s\u00e3o determinadas (por exemplo, um atacante pode substituir o initrd e simular um pedido de senha; para evitar isso, \u00e9 necess\u00e1ria uma inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o verificada de toda a cadeia at\u00e9 a montagem do FS). <\/p>\n

Na sua forma atual, o instalador do Fedora possui uma op\u00e7\u00e3o para criptografar parti\u00e7\u00f5es em n\u00edvel de bloco utilizando dm-crypt, com uma frase secreta separada, n\u00e3o vinculada \u00e0 conta do usu\u00e1rio. Nesta solu\u00e7\u00e3o, observam-se problemas como a inadequa\u00e7\u00e3o para a criptografia isolada em sistemas multiusu\u00e1rio, a falta de suporte \u00e0 internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o e recursos para pessoas com defici\u00eancia, a possibilidade de ataques atrav\u00e9s de um carregador de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o substituto (um carregador de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o implantado por um atacante pode se passar pelo carregador original e solicitar a senha de descriptografia) e a necessidade de suporte a framebuffer no initrd para exibir o pedido de senha.
\n
Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041e\u0443\u044d\u043d \u0422\u0435\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0440 (Owen Taylor), \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c GNOME Shell \u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 Pango, \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0443\u044e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044e Fedora \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0439, \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-107724","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47No Fedora, est\u00e1 em considera\u00e7\u00e3o a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de criptografia de sistema de arquivos por padr\u00e3o | ProHoster","description":"Owen Taylor, criador do GNOME Shell e da biblioteca Pango, que faz parte do grupo de trabalho para o desenvolvimento do Fedora para esta\u00e7\u00f5es de trabalho, apresentou para discuss\u00e3o um plano para criptografar por padr\u00e3o as parti\u00e7\u00f5es do sistema e os diret\u00f3rios pessoais.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/v-fedora-rassmatrivayut-vozmozhnost-primeneniya-shifrovaniya-fs-po-umolchaniyu","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"pt_PT","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0412 Fedora \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0424\u0421 \u043f\u043e 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