O reposit\u00f3rio de pacotes Python PyPI (Python Package Index) oferece a possibilidade de usar um novo m\u00e9todo de publica\u00e7\u00e3o de pacotes seguro, permitindo evitar o armazenamento de senhas fixas e tokens de acesso \u00e0 API em sistemas externos (como em GitHub Actions). O novo m\u00e9todo de autentica\u00e7\u00e3o recebeu o nome de 'Trusted Publishers' e visa resolver o problema da publica\u00e7\u00e3o de atualiza\u00e7\u00f5es maliciosas resultantes da compromiss\u00e3o de sistemas externos e da obten\u00e7\u00e3o de senhas ou tokens pr\u00e9-determinados por criminosos. <\/p>\n
O novo m\u00e9todo de autentica\u00e7\u00e3o baseia-se no uso do padr\u00e3o OpenID Connect (OIDC), que implica a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de tokens de autentica\u00e7\u00e3o com tempo limitado, os quais s\u00e3o trocados entre servi\u00e7os externos e o cat\u00e1logo PyPI para confirmar a opera\u00e7\u00e3o de publica\u00e7\u00e3o do pacote, em vez do uso tradicional de login\/senha ou tokens de acesso \u00e0 API gerados manualmente. A possibilidade de aplicar o mecanismo 'Trusted Publishers' j\u00e1 foi implementada para handlers executados no GitHub Actions. No futuro, espera-se a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o do suporte a Trusted Publishers tamb\u00e9m para outros servi\u00e7os externos. <\/p>\n
Pacotes acompanhados poder\u00e3o, do lado do PyPI, atribuir um sinal de confian\u00e7a aos identificadores fornecidos por provedores externos OpenID (IdP, Provedor de Identidade OpenID), que o servi\u00e7o externo utilizar\u00e1 para solicitar ao PyPI tokens ef\u00eameros. Os tokens gerados pelo OpenID Connect confirmam a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre o projeto e o manipulador, permitindo ao PyPI realizar verifica\u00e7\u00f5es adicionais dos metadados, por exemplo, verificando se o pacote publicado se relaciona a um determinado reposit\u00f3rio. Os tokens n\u00e3o s\u00e3o armazenados, s\u00e3o vinculados a APIs espec\u00edficas e expiram automaticamente ap\u00f3s um curto per\u00edodo de validade. <\/p>\n
Adicionalmente, pode-se mencionar o relat\u00f3rio da empresa Sonatype, que informou sobre a identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de 6933 pacotes maliciosos no cat\u00e1logo PyPI em mar\u00e7o de 2023. Desde 2019, o n\u00famero total de pacotes maliciosos detectados no PyPI ultrapassou 115 mil. A maior parte dos pacotes maliciosos se disfar\u00e7a como bibliotecas populares atrav\u00e9s de typosquatting (atribui\u00e7\u00e3o de nomes semelhantes, diferindo por s\u00edmbolos individuais, como exampl em vez de example, djangoo em vez de django, pyhton em vez de python, etc.) \u2014 os criminosos contam com usu\u00e1rios desatentos que cometem erros de digita\u00e7\u00e3o ou n\u00e3o percebem as diferen\u00e7as nos nomes durante a busca. As a\u00e7\u00f5es maliciosas geralmente est\u00e3o relacionadas ao envio de dados confidenciais encontrados na m\u00e1quina local como resultado da identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de arquivos t\u00edpicos com senhas, chaves de acesso, carteiras digitais, tokens, cookies de sess\u00e3o e outras informa\u00e7\u00f5es confidenciais. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 Python-\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 PyPI (Python Package Index) \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432, 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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-108047","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47O PyPI implementou a possibilidade de publicar pacotes sem a necessidade de senhas e tokens de API | ProHoster","description":"O reposit\u00f3rio de pacotes Python PyPI (Python Package Index) oferece agora um novo m\u00e9todo seguro de publica\u00e7\u00e3o de pacotes, permitindo a sua utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o sem a necessidade de armazenamento em sistemas externos (por exemplo, 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Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"