A empresa Cloudflare, que oferece uma rede de entrega de conte\u00fado e atende cerca de 20% do tr\u00e1fego da internet, publicou um relat\u00f3rio sobre a viola\u00e7\u00e3o de um dos servidores em sua infraestrutura, onde funcionava um site wiki interno baseado na plataforma Atlassian Confluence, um sistema de rastreamento de erros Atlassian Jira e o sistema de controle de vers\u00e3o Bitbucket. A an\u00e1lise mostrou que o invasor conseguiu acessar o servidor utilizando tokens obtidos durante a viola\u00e7\u00e3o de outubro da empresa Okta, que resultou na vazamento de tokens de acesso. <\/p>\n
Ap\u00f3s a revela\u00e7\u00e3o no outono sobre a viola\u00e7\u00e3o da Okta, a empresa Cloudflare iniciou um processo de atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o das credenciais, chaves e tokens utilizados pelos servi\u00e7os da Okta. No entanto, um token e tr\u00eas contas (de v\u00e1rias milhares), que foram comprometidas na viola\u00e7\u00e3o da Okta, n\u00e3o foram substitu\u00eddas e continuaram em funcionamento, que foi como o invasor conseguiu explor\u00e1-las. Essas credenciais foram consideradas n\u00e3o utilizadas, mas na pr\u00e1tica permitiam o acesso \u00e0 plataforma Atlassian, ao sistema de controle de vers\u00e3o Bitbucket, a uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o SaaS com acesso administrativo ao ambiente Atlassian Jira, e ao ambiente na AWS que atende o cat\u00e1logo Cloudflare Apps, mas n\u00e3o tinham acesso \u00e0 infraestrutura CDN nem armazenavam dados confidenciais. <\/p>\n
O incidente n\u00e3o afetou os dados e sistemas dos usu\u00e1rios da Cloudflare. A auditoria realizada determinou que o ataque se limitou aos sistemas com produtos Atlassian e n\u00e3o se espalhou para outros servidores<\/a>, gra\u00e7as \u00e0 aplica\u00e7\u00e3o do modelo de Zero Trust e isolamento de partes da infraestrutura na Cloudflare. <\/p>\n A viola\u00e7\u00e3o do servidor da Cloudflare foi detectada em 23 de novembro, enquanto os primeiros ind\u00edcios de acesso n\u00e3o autorizado ao wiki e ao sistema de rastreamento de erros foram registrados em 14 de novembro. Em 22 de novembro, o invasor instalou um backdoor para obter acesso permanente, criado com o ScriptRunner para Jira. No mesmo dia, o invasor conseguiu acesso ao sistema de controle de vers\u00e3o, onde a plataforma Atlassian Bitbucket era utilizada. Ap\u00f3s isso, foram realizadas tentativas de conex\u00e3o com a console servidor<\/a>, utilizada para acessar um datacenter ainda n\u00e3o em opera\u00e7\u00e3o no Brasil, mas todas as tentativas de conex\u00e3o falharam. <\/p>\n Pelo que parece, a atividade do invasor se restringiu ao estudo da arquitetura da rede de entrega de conte\u00fado e \u00e0 busca por vulnerabilidades. Durante sua atividade, o invasor utilizou pesquisas na wiki com palavras-chave relacionadas ao acesso remoto, segredos, openconnect, cloudflared e tokens. Foi registrada a abertura de 202 p\u00e1ginas wiki (de 194100) e 36 relat\u00f3rios de problemas (de 2059357) relacionados \u00e0 gest\u00e3o de corre\u00e7\u00e3o de vulnerabilidades e rota\u00e7\u00e3o de chaves. Tamb\u00e9m foi identificada a transfer\u00eancia de 120 reposit\u00f3rios de c\u00f3digo (de 11904), a maioria dos quais estava relacionada a backup, configura\u00e7\u00e3o e gerenciamento de CDN, sistemas de identifica\u00e7\u00e3o, acesso remoto e utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o das plataformas Terraform e Kubernetes. Em alguns desses reposit\u00f3rios, estavam presentes chaves criptografadas deixadas no c\u00f3digo, que foram substitu\u00eddas logo ap\u00f3s o incidente, apesar do uso de m\u00e9todos de criptografia robustos. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Cloudflare, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e 20% \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442-\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043e \u0432\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0439 wiki-\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b Atlassian Confluence, \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043a Atlassian Jira \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c Bitbucket. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c 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Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"