{"id":113594,"date":"2024-02-14T22:02:42","date_gmt":"2024-02-14T20:02:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimosti-keytrap-i-nsec3-zatragivayushhie-bolshinstvo-realizaczij-dnssec"},"modified":"2024-02-14T22:02:42","modified_gmt":"2024-02-14T20:02:42","slug":"uyazvimosti-keytrap-i-nsec3-zatragivayushhie-bolshinstvo-realizaczij-dnssec","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/uyazvimosti-keytrap-i-nsec3-zatragivayushhie-bolshinstvo-realizaczij-dnssec","title":{"rendered":"As vulnerabilidades KeyTrap e NSEC3 afetam a maioria das implementa\u00e7\u00f5es do DNSSEC","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Duas vulnerabilidades foram identificadas em v\u00e1rias implementa\u00e7\u00f5es do protocolo DNSSEC, afetando os resolvedores DNS BIND, PowerDNS, dnsmasq, Knot Resolver e Unbound. Essas vulnerabilidades podem causar nega\u00e7\u00e3o de servi\u00e7o nos resolvedores DNS que realizam valida\u00e7\u00f5es com DNSSEC, devido ao gerenciamento excessivo da CPU, prejudicando o processamento de outras solicita\u00e7\u00f5es. Para realizar o ataque, basta enviar ao resolvedor DNS que utiliza DNSSEC uma solicita\u00e7\u00e3o que aciona uma zona DNS especialmente formatada no servidor do invasor.      <\/p>\n<p>Problemas identificados:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2023-50387 (nome de c\u00f3digo KeyTrap) \u2014 ao acessar zonas DNS especificamente formatadas, causa uma nega\u00e7\u00e3o de servi\u00e7o devido \u00e0 cria\u00e7\u00e3o de uma carga significativa na CPU e \u00e0 longa execu\u00e7\u00e3o da verifica\u00e7\u00e3o DNSSEC. Para realizar o ataque, \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio hospedar uma zona de dom\u00ednio com configura\u00e7\u00f5es maliciosas em um servidor DNS controlado pelo atacante e fazer com que um servidor DNS recursivo acesse essa zona, levando \u00e0 nega\u00e7\u00e3o de servi\u00e7o desejada pelo atacante.\n<p>As configura\u00e7\u00f5es maliciosas consistem em usar uma combina\u00e7\u00e3o de chaves que conflitantes entre si, registros RRSET e assinaturas digitais para a zona. A tentativa de verifica\u00e7\u00e3o utilizando essas chaves resulta na execu\u00e7\u00e3o de opera\u00e7\u00f5es prolongadas e intensivas em recursos, que podem sobrecarregar completamente a CPU e bloquear o processamento de outras solicita\u00e7\u00f5es (por exemplo, afirma-se que durante um ataque ao BIND, o processamento de outras solicita\u00e7\u00f5es foi interrompido por 16 horas).      <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2023-50868 (nome de c\u00f3digo NSEC3) \u2014 nega\u00e7\u00e3o de servi\u00e7o devido \u00e0 realiza\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00e1lculos significativos ao calcular hashes em registros NSEC3 (Next Secure v3) durante o processamento de respostas DNSSEC especificamente formatadas. O m\u00e9todo de ataque \u00e9 semelhante \u00e0 primeira vulnerabilidade, exceto que um conjunto de registros NSEC3 RRSET especificamente formatados \u00e9 criado no servidor DNS do invasor.      <\/ul>\n<p>Observa-se que o surgimento das vulnerabilidades mencionadas \u00e9 causado pela defini\u00e7\u00e3o na especifica\u00e7\u00e3o DNSSEC da possibilidade de o servidor DNS enviar todas as chaves criptogr\u00e1ficas dispon\u00edveis, enquanto os resolvedores devem processar quaisquer chaves recebidas at\u00e9 que a verifica\u00e7\u00e3o seja conclu\u00edda com sucesso ou todas as chaves recebidas sejam verificadas.    <\/p>\n<p>Como medida para bloquear vulnerabilidades em resolvedores, o n\u00famero m\u00e1ximo de chaves DNSSEC utilizadas no processo de constru\u00e7\u00e3o da cadeia de confian\u00e7a \u00e9 limitado, assim como o n\u00famero m\u00e1ximo de c\u00e1lculos de hashes para NSEC3, al\u00e9m de serem restringidas as tentativas de verifica\u00e7\u00e3o para cada RRSET (combina\u00e7\u00f5es de chaves e assinaturas) e cada resposta. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/server\/dts-los-angeles\/\"   title=\"servidor\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3614\">servidor<\/a>.     <\/p>\n<p>As vulnerabilidades foram corrigidas nas atualiza\u00e7\u00f5es do Unbound (1.19.1), PowerDNS Recursor (4.8.6, 4.9.3, 5.0.2), Knot Resolver (5.7.1), dnsmasq (2.90) e BIND (9.16.48, 9.18.24 e 9.19.21). O status da corre\u00e7\u00e3o das vulnerabilidades nas distribui\u00e7\u00f5es pode ser avaliado nas seguintes p\u00e1ginas: Debian, Ubuntu, SUSE, RHEL, Fedora, Arch Linux, Gentoo, Slackware, NetBSD, FreeBSD.            <\/p>\n<p>Nas vers\u00f5es do servidor DNS BIND 9.16.48, 9.18.24 e 9.19.21, foram corrigidas ainda mais algumas vulnerabilidades:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2023-4408 \u2014 a an\u00e1lise de mensagens DNS grandes pode resultar em alta carga na CPU.\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2023-5517 \u2014 uma solicita\u00e7\u00e3o de zona reversa especificamente formatada pode causar uma falha devido \u00e0 ativa\u00e7\u00e3o de uma verifica\u00e7\u00e3o assert. O problema se manifesta apenas em configura\u00e7\u00f5es com a op\u00e7\u00e3o 'nxdomain-redirect' ativada.\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2023-5679 \u2014 a defini\u00e7\u00e3o recursiva de um host pode provocar uma falha devido \u00e0 ativa\u00e7\u00e3o de uma verifica\u00e7\u00e3o assert em sistemas com suporte DNS64 e 'serve-stale' (configura\u00e7\u00f5es stale-cache-enable e stale-answer-enable) ativadas.\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2023-6516 \u2014 solicita\u00e7\u00f5es recursivas especificamente formatadas podem levar ao esgotamento da mem\u00f3ria dispon\u00edvel do processo.    <\/ul>\n<p>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=60599\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 DNSSEC \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 DNS-\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b BIND, PowerDNS, dnsmasq, Knot Resolver \u0438 Unbound. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 DNS-\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 DNSSEC, \u0438\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 CPU, \u043c\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 DNS-\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0432\u0435\u0440, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 DNSSEC, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043a \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043a \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-113594","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 DNSSEC \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 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