{"id":115283,"date":"2024-04-24T14:30:11","date_gmt":"2024-04-24T12:30:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-emulyatora-qemu-9-0-0"},"modified":"2024-04-24T14:30:11","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T12:30:11","slug":"vypusk-emulyatora-qemu-9-0-0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/vypusk-emulyatora-qemu-9-0-0","title":{"rendered":"Lan\u00e7amento do emulador QEMU 9.0.0","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Lan\u00e7ado o projeto QEMU 9.0. Como emulador, o QEMU permite executar um programa compilado para uma plataforma de hardware em um sistema com uma arquitetura completamente diferente, por exemplo, rodar um aplicativo para ARM em um PC compat\u00edvel com x86. No modo de virtualiza\u00e7\u00e3o, o desempenho da execu\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo em um ambiente isolado \u00e9 pr\u00f3ximo ao de um sistema de hardware, gra\u00e7as \u00e0 execu\u00e7\u00e3o direta de instru\u00e7\u00f5es no CPU e ao uso do hipervisor Xen ou do m\u00f3dulo KVM no Linux, ou do m\u00f3dulo NVMM no NetBSD.    <\/p>\n<p>O projeto foi inicialmente criado por Fabrice Bellard com o objetivo de permitir a execu\u00e7\u00e3o de arquivos execut\u00e1veis Linux compilados para a plataforma x86 em arquiteturas diferentes da x86. Ao longo dos anos de desenvolvimento, o suporte para emula\u00e7\u00e3o total foi adicionado a 14 arquiteturas de hardware, e o n\u00famero de dispositivos de hardware emulados ultrapassou 400. Na prepara\u00e7\u00e3o da vers\u00e3o 9.0, mais de 2700 altera\u00e7\u00f5es de 220 desenvolvedores foram incorporadas.           <\/p>\n<p>Melhorias-chave adicionadas no QEMU 9.0:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> No driver virtio-blk, que fornece um dispositivo de bloco virtual para <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/vps\/\"   title=\"m\u00e1quinas virtuais\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2035\">m\u00e1quinas virtuais<\/a>, foi adicionada a compatibilidade com um sistema de filas multicanal (multiqueue), permitindo a divis\u00e3o de filas para diferentes dispositivos de bloco para garantir acesso multithread em sistemas multicore (filas diferentes de um disco podem ser processadas por diferentes threads de entrada\/sa\u00edda).\n<li class=\"l\"> O dispositivo usb-storage agora suporta as propriedades 'backend_defaults', 'logical_block_size', 'physical_block_size', 'min_io_size', 'opt_io_size' e 'discard_granularity'.\n<li class=\"l\"> Na biblioteca gdbstub, destinada \u00e0 depura\u00e7\u00e3o remota no GDB usando o protocolo RSP (Remote Serial Protocol), foi adicionado suporte para o modo fork-follow, opera\u00e7\u00e3o siginfo:read e intercepta\u00e7\u00e3o de chamadas de sistema no espa\u00e7o do usu\u00e1rio.\n<li class=\"l\"> Os backends de pr\u00e9-aloca\u00e7\u00e3o de mem\u00f3ria foram adaptados para funcionar em modo multithread e agora podem processar solicita\u00e7\u00f5es simultaneamente de m\u00faltiplas threads.\n<li class=\"l\"> Na ferramenta de migra\u00e7\u00e3o de m\u00e1quinas virtuais, foi adicionado o modo 'mapped-ram', que aumenta a efici\u00eancia na cria\u00e7\u00e3o de snapshots. A detec\u00e7\u00e3o de p\u00e1ginas de mem\u00f3ria vazias foi aprimorada, o que acelerou significativamente a migra\u00e7\u00e3o de m\u00e1quinas virtuais inativas quando o suporte multifd est\u00e1 dispon\u00edvel. O suporte para reinicializa\u00e7\u00e3o a partir de um estado salvo (checkpoint-restart) foi implementado na migra\u00e7\u00e3o com VFIO (Virtual Function I\/O).\n<li class=\"l\"> Reimplementa\u00e7\u00e3o do dispositivo ESP SCSI (am53c974\/dc390).\n<li class=\"l\"> Foi adicionada a suporte ao algoritmo de criptografia SM4 e a possibilidade de us\u00e1-lo no driver do dispositivo de bloco 'luks'.\n<li class=\"l\"> O driver 'luks' agora suporta a cria\u00e7\u00e3o e o uso de arquivos com cabe\u00e7alhos LUKS salvos.\n<li class=\"l\"> No emulador da arquitetura ARM, foi adicionada a compatibilidade com as placas L475E-IOT01A IoT, mp3-an536 (MPS3 com firmware AN536) e raspi4b (Raspberry Pi 4 Model B). Implementado o suporte \u00e0 emula\u00e7\u00e3o das extens\u00f5es de processador ECV (Enhanced Counter Virtualization), NV (Nested Virtualization) e NV2 (Enhanced Nested Virtualization). Ampliadas as capacidades dos emuladores das placas Freescale i.MX6, Allwinner R40, Bananapi, Raspberry Pi, npcm7xx e virt.\n<li class=\"l\"> No emulador da arquitetura RISC-V, foi adicionado o suporte \u00e0s extens\u00f5es do conjunto de instru\u00e7\u00f5es Zacas, amocas, RVA22, Zaamo, Zalrsc e Ztso. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"m\u00e1quinas virtuais\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4248\">m\u00e1quinas virtuais<\/a>  Para RISC-V, foi implementado o suporte ao SMBIOS. Para SRAT, SLIT, AIA e PLIC, foi adicionado suporte a ACPI. O suporte a tabelas RHCT foi atualizado.\n<li class=\"l\"> No emulador de arquitetura HPPA, a vers\u00e3o 16 do firmware SeaBIOS-hppa foi atualizada. O tamanho m\u00e1ximo da mem\u00f3ria foi aumentado de 3 GB para 3840 MB. O suporte para a op\u00e7\u00e3o '--nodefaults' foi adicionado.\n<li class=\"l\"> No emulador da arquitetura LoongArch, foi implementado suporte a acelera\u00e7\u00e3o KVM e suporte \u00e0s extens\u00f5es vetoriais do conjunto de instru\u00e7\u00f5es LSX\/LASX.\n<li class=\"l\"> No emulador da arquitetura s390x, foi adicionado o suporte \u00e0s instru\u00e7\u00f5es CVDG, CVB, CVBY e CVBG. A emula\u00e7\u00e3o de LAE (Load Address Extended) foi melhorada.\n<li class=\"l\"> No emulador da arquitetura 68k, foi adicionado o dispositivo nubus-virtio-mmio, permitindo o acesso a dispositivos virtio de m\u00e1quinas q800.\n<li class=\"l\"> Foi habilitada a compila\u00e7\u00e3o com a flag '-fzero-call-used-regs', que protege contra vazamentos de informa\u00e7\u00f5es de fun\u00e7\u00f5es e reduz o n\u00famero de blocos apropriados para a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de gadgets ROP (Return-Oriented Programming) em exploits. Tamb\u00e9m foi adicionada a compila\u00e7\u00e3o com a flag '-ftrivial-auto-var-init=zero' para a inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica com valor zero de todas as vari\u00e1veis armazenadas na pilha.\n<li class=\"l\"> Para executar QEMU com KVM, agora \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio ter pelo menos o kernel Linux 4.4. Para hosts ARM, essa exig\u00eancia ser\u00e1 elevada para a vers\u00e3o 4.19 no futuro. O suporte para o uso de Windows de 32 bits como sistemas operacionais host foi descontinuado.\n<li class=\"l\"> Adicionado suporte ao OpenBSD 7.4.      <\/ul>\n<p>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=61060\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 QEMU 9.0. \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u044d\u043c\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 QEMU \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f ARM \u043d\u0430 x86-\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043c \u041f\u041a. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 QEMU \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043a \u0430\u043f\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 CPU \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-115283","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta 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