{"id":115667,"date":"2024-05-10T13:52:08","date_gmt":"2024-05-10T11:52:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/predlozhenie-po-vklyucheniyu-rezhima-tcp_nodelay-po-umolchaniyu"},"modified":"2024-05-10T13:52:08","modified_gmt":"2024-05-10T11:52:08","slug":"predlozhenie-po-vklyucheniyu-rezhima-tcp_nodelay-po-umolchaniyu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/predlozhenie-po-vklyucheniyu-rezhima-tcp_nodelay-po-umolchaniyu","title":{"rendered":"Proposta para incluir o modo TCP_NODELAY por padr\u00e3o","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Marc Brooker, engenheiro da Amazon Web Services (AWS), desmistificou as concep\u00e7\u00f5es sobre a efic\u00e1cia da transmiss\u00e3o de pequenas mensagens utilizando o algoritmo de Nagle, aplicado por padr\u00e3o na pilha TCP\/IP. As recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es incluem desativar o algoritmo de Nagle por padr\u00e3o, o que pode ser feito em aplicativos individuais ao definir a op\u00e7\u00e3o TCP_NODELAY para sockets de rede usando a chamada setsockopt, o que j\u00e1 \u00e9 feito h\u00e1 muito tempo em projetos como Node.js e curl.     <\/p>\n<p>O algoritmo de Nagle permite agregar pequenas mensagens para reduzir o tr\u00e1fego \u2014 ele retarda o envio de novos segmentos TCP at\u00e9 receber a confirma\u00e7\u00e3o do recebimento dos dados enviados anteriormente. Por exemplo, sem o uso de agrega\u00e7\u00e3o, ao enviar 1 byte, 40 bytes adicionais s\u00e3o enviados com os cabe\u00e7alhos de pacote TCP e IP. Nas condi\u00e7\u00f5es modernas, o uso do algoritmo de Nagle leva a um aumento significativo nas lat\u00eancias, inaceit\u00e1veis para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es interativas e distribu\u00eddas.     <\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00eas principais argumentos s\u00e3o apresentados em favor do uso padr\u00e3o da op\u00e7\u00e3o TCP_NODELAY, que desativa o algoritmo de Nagle:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> A incompatibilidade do algoritmo de Nagle com a otimiza\u00e7\u00e3o de 'delayed ACK', onde a resposta ACK n\u00e3o \u00e9 enviada imediatamente, mas ap\u00f3s o recebimento dos dados de resposta. O problema \u00e9 que, no algoritmo de Nagle, a chegada do pacote ACK \u00e9 um sinal para enviar os dados agregados, e se o pacote ACK n\u00e3o chega, o envio ocorre apenas ap\u00f3s a expira\u00e7\u00e3o do tempo limite. Assim, forma-se um ciclo vicioso e o pacote ACK n\u00e3o funciona como sinal, pois o outro lado n\u00e3o recebe os dados devido ao seu ac\u00famulo no lado do remetente, e o remetente n\u00e3o os envia at\u00e9 o tempo limite, j\u00e1 que n\u00e3o recebe o pacote ACK.\n<li class=\"l\"> O RFC para o algoritmo de Nagle foi aceito em 1984 e n\u00e3o \u00e9 projetado para os par\u00e2metros das modernas redes de alta velocidade e <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/server\/\"   title=\"servidores\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1546\">servidores<\/a> data centers, o que leva a problemas de responsividade. O tempo de lat\u00eancia entre o envio de uma solicita\u00e7\u00e3o e a recep\u00e7\u00e3o da resposta (RTT) em redes modernas \u00e9 de 0.5 ms + alguns milissegundos na troca de dados entre data centers em uma mesma regi\u00e3o + at\u00e9 cem milissegundos ao enviar globalmente. Durante esses milissegundos, um servidor moderno pode realizar uma enorme quantidade de trabalho.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es distribu\u00eddas modernas n\u00e3o enviam mais bytes individuais de dados; a agrega\u00e7\u00e3o de pequenos dados geralmente \u00e9 realizada no n\u00edvel do aplicativo. Mesmo que o tamanho dos dados \u00fateis seja de apenas alguns bytes, o tamanho real das informa\u00e7\u00f5es enviadas geralmente aumenta substancialmente ap\u00f3s a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da serializa\u00e7\u00e3o, o uso de APIs em JSON e o envio utilizando criptografia TLS. A economia de 40 bytes se torna menos relevante.      <\/ul>\n<p>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=61145\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041c\u0430\u0440\u043a \u0411\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0435\u0440 (Marc Brooker), \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Amazon Web Services (AWS), \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u0430 \u041d\u0435\u0439\u0433\u043b\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432 TCP\/IP \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435. \u0420\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u0430 \u041d\u0435\u0439\u0433\u043b\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 TCP_NODELAY \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-115667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041c\u0430\u0440\u043a \u0411\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0435\u0440 (Marc Brooker), \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u0438\u0437 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o modo TCP_NODELAY por padr\u00e3o | ProHoster","description":"Marc Brooker, engenheiro da Amazon Web Services (AWS), abordou os equ\u00edvocos relacionados ao aumento da efici\u00eancia na transmiss\u00e3o de pequenas mensagens ao utilizar o algoritmo de Nagle.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/predlozhenie-po-vklyucheniyu-rezhima-tcp_nodelay-po-umolchaniyu","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"pt_PT","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e 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