{"id":115792,"date":"2024-05-15T08:59:29","date_gmt":"2024-05-15T06:59:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dlya-openbsd-realizovana-nastrojka-vklyuchayushhaya-rezhim-tcp_nodelay-dlya-vsej-sistemy"},"modified":"2026-02-14T13:19:52","modified_gmt":"2026-02-14T11:19:52","slug":"dlya-openbsd-realizovana-nastrojka-vklyuchayushhaya-rezhim-tcp_nodelay-dlya-vsej-sistemy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/dlya-openbsd-realizovana-nastrojka-vklyuchayushhaya-rezhim-tcp_nodelay-dlya-vsej-sistemy","title":{"rendered":"Para o OpenBSD, foi implementada uma configura\u00e7\u00e3o que inclui o modo TCP_NODELAY para todo o sistema.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Job Snijders, um renomado desenvolvedor do OpenBSD, l\u00edder de um dos comit\u00eas da IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force), autor de 11 RFCs relacionados \u00e0 roteamento e RPKI, e criador do IRRd (Internet Routing Registry Daemon), publicou um conjunto de patches para o OpenBSD, adicionando um novo par\u00e2metro sysctl \u2018net.inet.tcp.nodelay\u2019 para desabilitar o algoritmo de Nagle em n\u00edvel de sistema. O par\u00e2metro isenta os desenvolvedores de aplicativos de definir a bandeira TCP_NODELAY para sockets individuais. <\/p>\n

O algoritmo de Nagle \u00e9 utilizado para agregar pequenas mensagens com o objetivo de reduzir o tr\u00e1fego. O algoritmo suspende o envio de novos segmentos TCP at\u00e9 que se receba a confirma\u00e7\u00e3o do recebimento de dados previamente enviados ou at\u00e9 que ocorra um timeout. Por exemplo, sem a agrega\u00e7\u00e3o, ao enviar 1 byte, enviam-se adicionalmente 40 bytes com os cabe\u00e7alhos TCP e IP do pacote, enquanto com o algoritmo de Nagle \u2014 as mensagens enviadas antes da confirma\u00e7\u00e3o da parte remota se acumulam e s\u00e3o enviadas em um \u00fanico pacote. Devido \u00e0 otimiza\u00e7\u00e3o \u2018delayed ACK\u2019, que retarda o envio de pacotes ACK, o sinal atrav\u00e9s de pacotes de confirma\u00e7\u00e3o, na verdade, n\u00e3o funciona, e o envio das mensagens acumuladas ocorre quando ocorre um timeout. <\/p>\n

Snijders acredita que, nas condi\u00e7\u00f5es atuais, o algoritmo de Nagle, desenvolvido em uma \u00e9poca em que diversos usu\u00e1rios competiam por uma largura de banda de 1200 bps, est\u00e1 obsoleto e em redes de alta velocidade<\/a> traz mais danos do que benef\u00edcios. Recentemente, uma posi\u00e7\u00e3o similar foi expressa por Marc Brooker da Amazon Web Services (AWS). Os argumentos a favor da desativa\u00e7\u00e3o do algoritmo de Nagle por padr\u00e3o podem ser encontrados em uma nota divulgada h\u00e1 alguns dias. <\/p>\n

Para desativar o algoritmo de Nagle, existe a op\u00e7\u00e3o TCP_NODELAY, que pode ser configurada para sockets de rede individuais. O modo TCP_NODELAY j\u00e1 \u00e9 amplamente utilizado em muitas aplica\u00e7\u00f5es do OpenBSD, incluindo openssh, httpd, iscsid, relayd, bgpd e unwind, e, segundo Snijders, chegou o momento de proporcionar a possibilidade de sua ativa\u00e7\u00e3o para todos os sockets TCP em n\u00edvel de sistema. Snijders tamb\u00e9m sugere discutir a ado\u00e7\u00e3o do TCP_NODELAY por padr\u00e3o e a transforma\u00e7\u00e3o do algoritmo de Nagle em uma op\u00e7\u00e3o ativa separada.
\n
Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0414\u0436\u043e\u0431 \u0421\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0441 (Job Snijders), \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a OpenBSD, \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0432 IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force), \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 11 RFC, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0438 RPKI, \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c IRRd (Internet Routing Registry Daemon), \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f OpenBSD, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 sysctl-\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 «net.inet.tcp.nodelay» \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u0430 \u041d\u0435\u0439\u0433\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f 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