{"id":116397,"date":"2024-06-06T21:40:01","date_gmt":"2024-06-06T19:40:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-distributiva-blendos-4-podderzhivayushhego-pakety-iz-arch-fedora-debian-centos-i-ubuntu"},"modified":"2024-06-06T21:40:01","modified_gmt":"2024-06-06T19:40:02","slug":"reliz-distributiva-blendos-4-podderzhivayushhego-pakety-iz-arch-fedora-debian-centos-i-ubuntu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/reliz-distributiva-blendos-4-podderzhivayushhego-pakety-iz-arch-fedora-debian-centos-i-ubuntu","title":{"rendered":"Lan\u00e7amento da distribui\u00e7\u00e3o blendOS 4, suportando pacotes do Arch, Fedora, Debian, CentOS e Ubuntu","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Foi lan\u00e7ado o distribuidor blendOS 4, que utiliza isolamento por cont\u00eainer para garantir a coexist\u00eancia, em um \u00fanico sistema, de pacotes de diferentes distribui\u00e7\u00f5es Linux. Al\u00e9m dos pacotes da distribui\u00e7\u00e3o Arch Linux, que \u00e9 utilizada no ambiente base, e dos pacotes universais no formato Flatpak, \u00e9 poss\u00edvel instalar pacotes do Fedora 39, Debian 13 (ramo testing), CentOS Stream e Ubuntu 22.04 (os pacotes s\u00e3o instalados em cont\u00eaineres baseados nessas distribui\u00e7\u00f5es). Al\u00e9m disso, o blendOS oferece um ambiente para a instala\u00e7\u00e3o e execu\u00e7\u00e3o de aplicativos Android a partir das lojas Google Play e F-Droid. Est\u00e3o dispon\u00edveis os ambientes de trabalho GNOME, KDE, Xfce, MATE, Budgie, Cinnamon e LXQt. O tamanho da imagem de instala\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 de 2,2 GB.

\"Lan\u00e7amento<\/center> <\/p>\n

O ambiente de sistema base n\u00e3o se altera durante a opera\u00e7\u00e3o (immutable) e \u00e9 atualizado de forma at\u00f4mica usando parti\u00e7\u00f5es de raiz que se substituem. Imagens ISO mais novas s\u00e3o usadas como fonte de atualiza\u00e7\u00f5es, e o conte\u00fado \u00e9 sincronizado com o ambiente base por meio do zsync (o tamanho dos dados baixados durante a atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o varia, em m\u00e9dia, de 10 a 100 MB). Quando uma nova imagem ISO \u00e9 disponibilizada, uma segunda FS root \u00e9 criada no sistema, que se torna a FS root ativa ap\u00f3s a pr\u00f3xima reinicializa\u00e7\u00e3o, enquanto a antiga permanece para a instala\u00e7\u00e3o da pr\u00f3xima atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o. <\/p>\n

Para a instala\u00e7\u00e3o do distribuidor, \u00e9 utilizado um backend pr\u00f3prio do instalador com uma interface baseada em Jade-GUI do Crystal Linux. \u00c9 suportada a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de scripts para a replica\u00e7\u00e3o de instala\u00e7\u00f5es id\u00eanticas em diferentes computadores \u2014 configura\u00e7\u00f5es de \u00e1rea de trabalho, lista de cont\u00eaineres implantados e a rela\u00e7\u00e3o de pacotes instalados podem ser salvas em um arquivo YAML, que pode ser importado em outro sistema. <\/p>\n

A nova vers\u00e3o se destaca pela transi\u00e7\u00e3o para uma descri\u00e7\u00e3o declarativa dos componentes, que \u00e9 armazenada em um \u00fanico arquivo \"system.yaml\". O usu\u00e1rio pode definir neste arquivo os pacotes necess\u00e1rios para instala\u00e7\u00e3o sobre o sistema base, ambientes de desktop, vers\u00f5es do kernel Linux e drivers dispon\u00edveis no reposit\u00f3rio Arch Linux. Assim, a natureza at\u00f4mica do sistema base \u00e9 mantida, enquanto todos os pacotes adicionais o expandem. <\/p>\n

Em cont\u00eaineres separados, ativados atrav\u00e9s do configurador do sistema ou da ferramenta de linha de comando, podem ser instalados pacotes de reposit\u00f3rios Fedora, Debian, CentOS Stream e Ubuntu. A tentativa de abrir pacotes nos formatos DEB, RPM e APK tamb\u00e9m resulta na cria\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica de um cont\u00eainer com a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o necess\u00e1ria para o pacote. Ao instalar o mesmo aplicativo em diferentes cont\u00eaineres, a decis\u00e3o sobre qual vers\u00e3o do aplicativo ser\u00e1 executada \u00e9 feita com base na prioridade configurada. <\/p>\n

Os aplicativos dos cont\u00eaineres se integram ao sistema principal, utilizando uma ferramenta semelhante ao Distrobox (a primeira vers\u00e3o do blendOS era uma camada em torno do Distrobox, mas depois foi substitu\u00edda pela sua pr\u00f3pria edi\u00e7\u00e3o da ferramenta, que tamb\u00e9m utiliza a plataforma Podman para gerenciar cont\u00eaineres). A ferramenta monta o diret\u00f3rio home do usu\u00e1rio nos cont\u00eaineres e configura o acesso a servidor<\/a> X11 e Wayland para executar aplicativos gr\u00e1ficos a partir do cont\u00eainer, organiza a sa\u00edda de \u00e1udio e realiza a integra\u00e7\u00e3o no n\u00edvel D-Bus e udev. <\/p>\n

O suporte ao Android \u00e9 implementado atrav\u00e9s do pacote WayDroid, que permite criar um ambiente isolado em uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o Linux convencional para carregar a imagem completa do sistema da plataforma Android. A execu\u00e7\u00e3o de aplicativos Android \u00e9 suportada apenas em ambientes gr\u00e1ficos baseados em Wayland (GNOME e KDE Plasma).
\n
Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 Arch Linux, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435 Flatpak, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 Fedora 39, Debian 13 (\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 testing), CentOS Stream \u0438 Ubuntu 22.04 (\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 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