{"id":119480,"date":"2024-08-14T09:43:01","date_gmt":"2024-08-14T07:43:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/nist-standartiziroval-tri-algoritma-postkvantovogo-shifrovaniya"},"modified":"2026-02-15T22:08:21","modified_gmt":"2026-02-15T20:08:21","slug":"nist-standartiziroval-tri-algoritma-postkvantovogo-shifrovaniya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/nist-standartiziroval-tri-algoritma-postkvantovogo-shifrovaniya","title":{"rendered":"O NIST padronizou tr\u00eas algoritmos de criptografia p\u00f3s-qu\u00e2ntica.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>O Instituto Nacional de Padr\u00f5es e Tecnologia dos EUA (NIST) apresentou os tr\u00eas primeiros padr\u00f5es que definem algoritmos criptogr\u00e1ficos resistentes a ataques de computadores qu\u00e2nticos. O primeiro algoritmo padronizado (CRYSTALS-Kyber) define uma forma de encapsulamento de chaves e \u00e9 projetado para criptografar a troca de dados, enquanto os outros dois (CRYSTALS-Dilithium e Sphincs+) implementam variantes de forma\u00e7\u00e3o de assinaturas digitais que podem ser utilizadas para resolver quest\u00f5es relacionadas \u00e0 autentica\u00e7\u00e3o. Para evitar confus\u00f5es, as vers\u00f5es padronizadas dos algoritmos foram renomeadas: CRYSTALS-Kyber em ML-KEM, CRYSTALS-Dilithium em ML-DSA e Sphincs+ em SLH-DSA. Os algoritmos selecionados est\u00e3o sendo desenvolvidos desde 2016 e s\u00e3o vencedores do concurso NIST previamente anunciado para o desenvolvimento de algoritmos de criptografia p\u00f3s-qu\u00e2ntica.      <\/p>\n<p>Os computadores qu\u00e2nticos, que t\u00eam se desenvolvido rapidamente, resolvem muito mais rapidamente problemas de fatora\u00e7\u00e3o de n\u00fameros naturais (RSA) e logaritmos discretos de pontos de curvas el\u00edpticas (ECDSA), que s\u00e3o a base dos modernos algoritmos de criptografia assim\u00e9trica de chave p\u00fablica, efetivamente irresol\u00faveis em processadores cl\u00e1ssicos. No est\u00e1gio atual de desenvolvimento dos computadores qu\u00e2nticos, as capacidades ainda n\u00e3o s\u00e3o suficientes para quebrar os algoritmos cl\u00e1ssicos atuais de criptografia e assinaturas digitais baseadas em chave p\u00fablica, como o ECDSA, mas espera-se que a situa\u00e7\u00e3o possa mudar j\u00e1 nesta d\u00e9cada.    <\/p>\n<p>Padr\u00f5es adotados:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> FIPS 203 \u2014 considerado como o padr\u00e3o principal para <a href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/ssl-sertifikat\/gogetssl-multi-domain\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3313\">encripta\u00e7\u00e3o de dados<\/a>, utilizando o algoritmo CRYSTALS-Kyber (ML-KEM \u2014 Module-Lattice Key-Encapsulation Mechanism) para organizar a troca de chaves entre as partes que realizam a criptografia e a descriptografia de dados. O algoritmo CRYSTALS-Kyber emprega m\u00e9todos de criptografia baseados na resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de problemas da teoria de redes, cujo tempo de resolu\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o se distingue em computadores comuns e qu\u00e2nticos. As vantagens do algoritmo escolhido s\u00e3o o tamanho relativamente pequeno das chaves e a alta velocidade de opera\u00e7\u00e3o.\n<li class=\"l\"> FIPS 204 \u2014 o padr\u00e3o prim\u00e1rio para a forma\u00e7\u00e3o de assinaturas digitais, baseado no algoritmo CRYSTALS-Dilithium (ML-DSA \u2014 Module-Lattice Digital Signature Algorithm), que, assim como o CRYSTALS-Kyber, se baseia na teoria de redes.\n<li class=\"l\"> FIPS 205 \u2014 um padr\u00e3o alternativo para a forma\u00e7\u00e3o de assinaturas digitais, utilizando o algoritmo Sphincs+ (SLH-DSA \u2014 Stateless Hash-Based Digital Signature Algorithm), que aplica m\u00e9todos de criptografia baseados em fun\u00e7\u00f5es hash. O Sphincs+ \u00e9 inferior ao CRYSTALS-Dilithium em termos de tamanho das assinaturas e velocidade de opera\u00e7\u00e3o, mas se baseia em princ\u00edpios matem\u00e1ticos completamente diferentes, ou seja, permanecer\u00e1 eficiente no caso de comprometimento dos algoritmos baseados na teoria de redes.     <\/ul>\n<p>Al\u00e9m disso, at\u00e9 o final do ano, est\u00e1 previsto a aprova\u00e7\u00e3o de um quarto padr\u00e3o \u2014 FIPS 206, destinado ao trabalho com assinaturas digitais e baseado no algoritmo FALCON, que, assim como os algoritmos CRYSTALS-Kyber e CRYSTALS-Dilithium, se baseia na resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de problemas da teoria de redes, mas, ao contr\u00e1rio deles, \u00e9 voltado para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es que exigem um tamanho m\u00ednimo de assinatura. A vers\u00e3o padronizada do algoritmo FALCON ser\u00e1 fornecida sob o nome FN-DSA (FFT (Transformada R\u00e1pida de Fourier) over NTRU-Lattice Digital Signature Algorithm). Tamb\u00e9m est\u00e1 previsto at\u00e9 o final do ano escolher algoritmos para criar padr\u00f5es alternativos de criptografia geral, que ser\u00e3o baseados em princ\u00edpios de funcionamento diferentes dos usados no padr\u00e3o FIPS 203 com base no algoritmo CRYSTALS-Kyber.      <center>  <div class=\"youtube-placeholder\" data-id=\"vWJS62eIVxI\" onclick=\"loadVideo(this)\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/vWJS62eIVxI\/hqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"Por que no hosting comum a administra\u00e7\u00e3o do PrestaShop \u00e9 lenta, e no seu n\u00e3o \u00e9?\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;\">\r\n        <div class=\"play-button\"><\/div>\r\n    <\/div><\/center><br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=61700\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0421\u0428\u0410 (NIST) \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430, \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442\u043e\u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c\u044b, \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043c (CRYSTALS-Kyber) \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430\u043f\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438, \u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 (CRYSTALS-Dilithium \u0438 Sphincs+) \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u0430\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-119480","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" 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criptografia p\u00f3s-qu\u00e2ntica | ProHoster","description":"O Instituto Nacional de Padr\u00f5es e Tecnologia dos EUA (NIST) apresentou os tr\u00eas primeiros padr\u00f5es que definem algoritmos criptogr\u00e1ficos resistentes a ataques de computadores qu\u00e2nticos.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/nist-standartiziroval-tri-algoritma-postkvantovogo-shifrovaniya","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"pt_PT","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47NIST \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b 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