{"id":120515,"date":"2024-11-07T13:09:07","date_gmt":"2024-11-07T11:09:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dostupen-lima-1-0-instrumentarij-dlya-zapuska-virtualnyh-mashin-s-linux"},"modified":"2024-11-07T13:09:07","modified_gmt":"2024-11-07T11:09:09","slug":"dostupen-lima-1-0-instrumentarij-dlya-zapuska-virtualnyh-mashin-s-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/dostupen-lima-1-0-instrumentarij-dlya-zapuska-virtualnyh-mashin-s-linux","title":{"rendered":"Est\u00e1 dispon\u00edvel o Lima 1.0, uma ferramenta para executar m\u00e1quinas virtuais com Linux.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Foi lan\u00e7ada a vers\u00e3o 1.0 da ferramenta Lima, inicialmente desenvolvida como uma camada semelhante ao WSL2 (Subsistema Windows para Linux) para a execu\u00e7\u00e3o de aplicativos Linux no macOS (Linux-on-Mac), mas que evoluiu para uma ferramenta universal para executar m\u00e1quinas virtuais com Linux em diferentes sistemas operacionais. Atualmente, o Lima pode ser usado em sistemas macOS, Linux, Windows e BSD. O objetivo principal do projeto \u00e9 fornecer uma maneira simples de executar distribui\u00e7\u00f5es Linux arbitr\u00e1rias em cont\u00eaineres isolados ou ambientes virtuais, garantindo ao mesmo tempo o redirecionamento autom\u00e1tico de portas de rede e o compartilhamento de arquivos. O c\u00f3digo do projeto \u00e9 escrito em Go e \u00e9 distribu\u00eddo sob a licen\u00e7a Apache 2.0. <\/p>\n

Para a execu\u00e7\u00e3o isolada de ambientes Linux em sistemas Linux e BSD, pode-se usar o runtime containerd e diferentes mecanismos de isolamento de cont\u00eaineres (Apptainer, Docker, Podman, LXD). No macOS, utiliza-se QEMU com o acelerador HVF ou a ferramenta de virtualiza\u00e7\u00e3o Virtualization.framework nativa do macOS. Para executar ambientes Linux no Windows, utiliza-se a camada WSL2 (Subsistema Windows para Linux). O suporte para a execu\u00e7\u00e3o de distribui\u00e7\u00f5es Linux compiladas para a arquitetura x86_64 em sistemas host com arquitetura ARM64 e vice-versa \u00e9 garantido. Em modo experimental, h\u00e1 suporte para as arquiteturas riscv64 e ARM32. <\/p>\n

Para organizar o acesso aos arquivos do ambiente de hospedagem, podem ser utilizados SSHFS, virtio-9p-pci\/virtfs (por padr\u00e3o) e virtiofs. O redirecionamento de portas de rede \u00e9 feito atrav\u00e9s do monitoramento de conex\u00f5es de rede por meio de \/proc\/net\/tcp e iptables, seguido do in\u00edcio autom\u00e1tico do «ssh» com a op\u00e7\u00e3o «-L». Como recursos experimentais, est\u00e1 dispon\u00edvel o encaminhamento de acesso ao sistema de som ALSA e a organiza\u00e7\u00e3o de conex\u00f5es remotas via VNC. <\/p>\n

Para o r\u00e1pido provisionamento de ambientes, s\u00e3o fornecidos modelos preparados para v\u00e1rias vers\u00f5es das distribui\u00e7\u00f5es AlmaLinux, Alpine, Arch Linux, Debian, Fedora, Gentoo, openSUSE, Oracle Linux, Rocky e Ubuntu. Para a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de suas pr\u00f3prias imagens do sistema, recomenda-se usar a ferramenta BuildKit. A possibilidade de usar o Lima para executar ambientes Linux \u00e9 integrada nas ferramentas Finch (Amazon), Rancher Desktop (SUSE), Colima e Podman Desktop (Red Hat). Uma interface gr\u00e1fica para o usu\u00e1rio do Lima GUI, desenvolvida com Qt, est\u00e1 sendo desenvolvida separadamente.

\"Est\u00e1<\/center>
\"Est\u00e1<\/center> <\/p>\n

A vers\u00e3o Lima 1.0 \u00e9 marcada como o primeiro lan\u00e7amento est\u00e1vel do projeto, refletindo tr\u00eas anos de desenvolvimento e incluindo algumas mudan\u00e7as acumuladas que quebram a compatibilidade. O suporte para o driver vz, que utiliza o sistema de virtualiza\u00e7\u00e3o Virtualization.framework na plataforma macOS, foi estabilizado. Em sistemas a partir do macOS 13.5, o driver vz agora \u00e9 utilizado por padr\u00e3o. Os drivers 9p para compartilhamento de arquivos e o driver user-v2 para acesso em rede tamb\u00e9m foram promovidos a est\u00e1veis. O suporte para redirecionamento de portas UDP foi adicionado. Muitos modelos de instala\u00e7\u00e3o de distribui\u00e7\u00f5es foram atualizados, como a adi\u00e7\u00e3o de modelos para Fedora 41 e Ubuntu 24.10.
\n
Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f Lima 1.0, \u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430 WSL2 (Windows Subsystem for Linux) \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 Linux-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 macOS (LInux-on-MAc), \u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d \u0441 Linux \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 Lima \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 macOS, Linux, Windows \u0438 BSD-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445. \u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0430 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