{"id":121227,"date":"2025-01-04T21:46:00","date_gmt":"2025-01-04T19:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/naibolee-vazhnye-sobytiya-2024-goda-svyazannye-s-otkrytymi-proektami"},"modified":"2026-02-08T19:38:48","modified_gmt":"2026-02-08T17:38:48","slug":"naibolee-vazhnye-sobytiya-2024-goda-svyazannye-s-otkrytymi-proektami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/naibolee-vazhnye-sobytiya-2024-goda-svyazannye-s-otkrytymi-proektami","title":{"rendered":"Os eventos mais importantes de 2024 relacionados a projetos abertos","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Uma sele\u00e7\u00e3o final dos eventos mais importantes e not\u00e1veis de 2024 relacionados a projetos abertos e seguran\u00e7a da informa\u00e7\u00e3o:      <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Conflitos: Crise no projeto NixOS. Exclus\u00e3o de Sonny Pierce do conselho da GfNOME Foundation. Afastamento tempor\u00e1rio do autor de B\u0441acheFS e suas cr\u00edticas a Linus Torvalds. Afastamento de um dos principais desenvolvedores do Python. Conflito entre WordPress e WP Engine, que resultou na substitui\u00e7\u00e3o do plugin ACF. Ataques da Malibal ao CoreBoot. Queixa ao regulador europeu sobre a Mozilla. Bloqueio do uBlock Origin Lite. Rebranding do Apache devido a quest\u00f5es ind\u00edgenas.\n<li class=\"l\"> San\u00e7\u00f5es e bloqueios: Exclus\u00e3o de 11 mantenedores do n\u00facleo Linux relacionados \u00e0 R\u00fassia. Recusa do Spring em aceitar altera\u00e7\u00f5es de desenvolvedores da R\u00fassia. Cumprimento dos requisitos da Mozilla pelo Roskomnadzor, seguido pela revoga\u00e7\u00e3o do bloqueio e multa. Bloqueio tempor\u00e1rio da R\u00fassia no Docker Hub. Fechamento de acesso da R\u00fassia aos reposit\u00f3rios OpenTofu. Bloqueio incorreto do OpenXRay no GitHub. Bloqueio no GitLab da extens\u00e3o do navegador BPC.\n<li class=\"l\"> Forks: FreeNginx \u2014 fork of Nginx, Valkey and Redict \u2014 forks of the Redis DBMS, Flock \u2014 fork of Flutter, Apache Cloudberry \u2014 fork of the Greenplum DBMS. The first release of OpenTofu, a fork of Terraform. Transition of OpenSearch, a fork of Elasticsearch, to the Linux Foundation.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aquisi\u00e7\u00f5es, fus\u00f5es e projetos conjuntos: A Microsoft entregou o Mono \u00e0 comunidade Wine. A IBM compra a HashiCorp. A Mozilla adquiriu a empresa Anonym. Fus\u00e3o do Tor com o Tails. Reestrutura\u00e7\u00e3o do OpenSSL e uni\u00e3o com as bibliotecas Bouncy Castle e Cryptlib. Iniciativa para o desenvolvimento da arquitetura x86.\n<li class=\"l\"> Patentes e direitos autorais: Ataques da Nintendo a projetos que desenvolvem emuladores de consoles: Yuzu, Suyu, Ryujinx, forks do Yuzu. A iniciativa OS Zone anulou 54 patentes. Remo\u00e7\u00e3o de parte do c\u00f3digo ZLUDA a pedido da AMD. O HDMI Forum n\u00e3o permitiu a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o do HDMI 2.1 em drivers abertos.\n<li class=\"l\"> Leis e regulamentos: Possibilidade de bloquear desenvolvedores do n\u00facleo Linux que violarem o c\u00f3digo de conduta. A FCC restaurou as regras de neutralidade da rede. Regras de uso de marcas registradas do Rust. NetBSD e Gentoo proibiram o uso de c\u00f3digo gerado por sistemas de IA. O GitHub proibiu o armazenamento de projetos para cria\u00e7\u00e3o de deepfakes.\n<li class=\"l\"> Licen\u00e7as: Rascunho da licen\u00e7a Post-Open. Transi\u00e7\u00e3o dos SGBDs Redis, CockroachDB e ScyllaDB para licen\u00e7a propriet\u00e1ria. Retorno do Elasticsearch para uma licen\u00e7a aberta. Interrup\u00e7\u00e3o do desenvolvimento do SGBD Greenplum como produto aberto. Mudan\u00e7a da licen\u00e7a do Zabbix de GPLv2 para AGPLv3, Forgejo de MIT para GPLv3, OpenVPN de GPLv2 para GPLv2 com exce\u00e7\u00f5es. Problemas de licenciamento com os drivers Tuxedo.\n<li class=\"l\"> Publica\u00e7\u00e3o do c\u00f3digo-fonte do Winamp. Viola\u00e7\u00e3o da licen\u00e7a GPL no c\u00f3digo do Winamp. Remo\u00e7\u00e3o do c\u00f3digo do Winamp.\n<li class=\"l\"> Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 defini\u00e7\u00e3o de sistema de IA aberta e iniciativa para sua revoga\u00e7\u00e3o. Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o da abertura de modelos de IA generativa.\n<li class=\"l\"> Plataformas de desenvolvimento e cat\u00e1logos de aplicativos: Desvincula\u00e7\u00e3o total do Forgejo do Gitea. Transi\u00e7\u00e3o do Fedora para o Forgejo. GitVerse da SberTech. Plataforma P2P Radicle 1.0. Hospedagem de reposit\u00f3rios Git Game of Trees Hub. Autentica\u00e7\u00e3o de dois fatores obrigat\u00f3ria e novo sistema de verifica\u00e7\u00e3o de pacotes no PyPI. 2 bilh\u00f5es de downloads e um milh\u00e3o de usu\u00e1rios no Flathub.\n<li class=\"l\"> Linguagens de programa\u00e7\u00e3o e compiladores: GCC 14, LLVM 18\/19, Java SE 22\/23, Go 1.22\/1.23, .NET 9, Perl 5.40, Julia 1.11, PHP 8.4, Ruby 3.4, V 0.4.8, Snek 1.10, Tcl\/Tk 9.0, Swift 6.0, Clojure 1.12, Mojo 24.3.\n<li class=\"l\"> New languages and compilers: Borgo (combines the best features of Go and Rust). TrapC (C-like language that safely works with memory). Hare (C-like language from the creator of Sway). Pkl (configuration definition language). Vcc \u2014 C\/C++ compiler for Vulkan. Bend \u2014 language for parallel computing on GPUs.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ferramentas de desenvolvimento: Meson 1.6, Automake 1.17, GNU Mes 0.27. Gittuf para prote\u00e7\u00e3o criptogr\u00e1fica de reposit\u00f3rios Git. Ambiente de desenvolvimento Eclipse Theia. Editor de c\u00f3digo Zed foi liberado.\n<li class=\"l\"> Python: Python superou o JavaScript na classifica\u00e7\u00e3o do GitHub. Compilador JIT integrado. Python 3.13. NumPy 2.0.0. Compilador Nuitka 2.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Secure programming: Promotion in C++ of mechanisms for safe memory operations. Strategy for reducing vulnerabilities in Android. Fil-C \u2014 a compiler for safe memory operations in C\/C++. Evaluation of the effectiveness of MiraclePtr in C++. Hyperlight \u2014 hypervisor for isolating individual functions.\n<li class=\"l\"> Rust: Tradutor de IA para reescrever c\u00f3digo C em Rust. Cons\u00f3rcio para desenvolver sistemas altamente confi\u00e1veis em Rust. An\u00e1lise do uso de unsafe em pacotes Rust. Verifica\u00e7\u00e3o da biblioteca padr\u00e3o do Rust. Melhoria da portabilidade entre C++ e Rust.\n<li class=\"l\"> System components: systemd 256\/257, Glibc 2.39\/2.40, GNU Shepherd 1.0.0. Reduction of dependencies in libsystemd. run0 \u2014 integrated replacement for sudo in systemd. Port of systemd based on Musl.\n<li class=\"l\"> Hardware: OpenWrt One router. New Raspberry Pi boards: Pico 2, Compute Module 5, Pico 2 W, 500, Monitor, Media Center. AI assistant Home Assistant Voice. Vortex 2.2 (open GPGPU based on RISC-V). Creation of an open processor compatible with Z80. FuryGpu \u2014 FPGA-based GPU. PiDP-10 (clone of the PDP-10 mainframe). First chip on the OpenTitan platform.\n<li class=\"l\"> Firmwares: A participa\u00e7\u00e3o da Intel no desenvolvimento do CoreBoot. Ferramenta fwupd 2.0.0. Modifica\u00e7\u00e3o de firmwares para chips TI CC13XX e CC26XX.\n<li class=\"l\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/server\/dts-sofia\/\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"408\">Infraestrutura de rede<\/a>: Initiative for using TCP_NODELAY by default (implemented in OpenBSD). Tesla unveiled the TTPoE protocol. The share of garbage traffic increased to 6.8%. free5GC for building 5G core networks. End of support for the OCSP protocol in Let's Encrypt. Pingora framework from Cloudflare. Netplan 1.0 configuration system. F-Stack 1.24 network stack. hostapd\/wpa_supplicant 2.11 with support for Wi-Fi 7.\n<li class=\"l\"> Padr\u00f5es: C23. Vulkan 1.4. POSIX 1003.1-2024. Padroniza\u00e7\u00e3o BPF. OpenMP 6.0. Padroniza\u00e7\u00e3o de algoritmos de criptografia p\u00f3s-qu\u00e2ntica. RFC para o codec de \u00e1udio FLAC.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mecanismos de prote\u00e7\u00e3o: OpenPaX (semelhante ao Grsecurity\/Pax). Sistema de controle de acesso IPE.\n<li class=\"l\"> New OS and distributions: KDE develops its own distribution. ALDOS \u2014 a variant of Fedora without systemd. Asterinas and Maestro kernels, written in Rust and partially compatible with Linux. Apertis \u2014 a distribution for electronic devices from Collabora. Chimera \u2014 a Linux kernel with a FreeBSD environment. Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI. Fedora Atomic Desktops. Serpent OS. AlmaLinux Kitten. A self-updating variant of Manjaro. Selectel OS. TileOS. Helios (based on Illumos). ExectOS (with a microkernel similar to Windows NT).\n<li class=\"l\"> Atualiza\u00e7\u00f5es de distribui\u00e7\u00f5es e SOs: Ubuntu 24.04\/24.10, Ubuntu Core 24, CentOS Stream 10, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10-beta\/9.5\/9.4, Fedora 40\/41, openSUSE Leap 15.6, SUSE Linux Enterprise 15 SP6, openSUSE Leap Micro 6, ALT 10, elementary OS 8, Whonix 17.2, Linux Mint 22, Azure Linux 3.0, Proxmox VE 8.3, Tails 6, Alpine 3.21, Armbian 24.11, NixOS 24.11, Vanilla OS 2, Blend OS 4, Endless OS 6.0, LibreELEC 12.0, Manjaro 24.0, OpenMediaVault 7.0, Redox OS 0.9, Haiku R1-beta5, OpenIndiana 2024.04.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mudan\u00e7as nas distribui\u00e7\u00f5es: Transforma\u00e7\u00e3o do GNOME OS em uma distribui\u00e7\u00e3o para usu\u00e1rios comuns e transi\u00e7\u00e3o para atualiza\u00e7\u00f5es at\u00f4micas. Arch Linux (porta para RISC-V, participa\u00e7\u00e3o da Valve). Fedora (remo\u00e7\u00e3o da sess\u00e3o X11, transi\u00e7\u00e3o para DNF5, ferramentas de IA, instalador baseado em interface web, status da edi\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica para KDE). Mudan\u00e7as na prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de vers\u00f5es intermedi\u00e1rias do RHEL. OpenSUSE (transi\u00e7\u00e3o para a plataforma SLFO\/ALP, instalador Agama, builds repet\u00edveis, descontinua\u00e7\u00e3o do uso da marca SUSE). Novos kernels no Ubuntu.\n<li class=\"l\"> OpenStreetMap migrou do Ubuntu para o Debian. LinkedIn migrou do CentOS para o Azure Linux.\n<li class=\"l\"> Sistemas operacionais em tempo real: RISC OS 5.30. RT-Thread 5.1. Suporte ao modo em tempo real no kernel Linux. Possibilidade de uso gratuito do QNX 8.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> BSD: FreeBSD 14.2, NetBSD 10, OpenBSD 7.6. ravynOS (edi\u00e7\u00e3o do FreeBSD no estilo macOS). NixBSD (NixOS com kernel do FreeBSD). Discuss\u00e3o sobre o uso de Rust no FreeBSD. Melhoria do suporte a laptops no FreeBSD. Novo ciclo de prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de lan\u00e7amentos do FreeBSD. Instalador gr\u00e1fico para o FreeBSD. SmolBSD (cria\u00e7\u00e3o de micro-compila\u00e7\u00f5es do NetBSD).\n<li class=\"l\"> Mobile platforms: Android 15\/16-pre, LineageOS 22, KDE Plasma Mobile 6, Phosh 0.44, webOS 2.27, Ubuntu Touch OTA-7 Focal, Bliss OS, postmarketOS 24.12, \/e\/OS 2.6. Ecosystem of open mobile applications Mobifree. postmarketOS builds based on systemd. Port of Tizen for RISC-V. Droidian \u2014 a Debian variant for smartphones. Support for destructive PIN codes in GrapheneOS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Portando Chrome OS para a plataforma Android. Suporte a aplicativos Linux no Android. MicroFuchsia para m\u00e1quinas virtuais no Android.\n<li class=\"l\"> Gerenciamento de pacotes: Transi\u00e7\u00e3o do OpenWrt para o gerenciador de pacotes APK. Pacstall (anal\u00f3gico do AUR para Ubuntu). GNU Mes 0.27. In\u00edcio do desenvolvimento do RPM 6. Aura 4.0.0. Pacman 7.0. GNU Stow 2.4. Lan\u00e7amentos de testes do APT 3.0. Modernizando o gerenciamento de pacotes no Arch Linux.\n<li class=\"l\"> Novos ambientes de usu\u00e1rio: Miracle, fase alfa para o COSMIC, KDE 6, Theseus Ship (anteriormente KWinFT).\n<li class=\"l\"> Atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o de ambientes de usu\u00e1rio: Xfce 4.20, GNOME 46\/47, KDE Plasma 6.0\/6.1\/6.2, KDE Gear 24.12, MATE 1.28, LXQt 2.1.0, Cinnamon 6.4, Trinity R14.1.3, MaXX Interactive Desktop 2.2, Sway 1.10, Budgie 10.9, Regolith 3.1. Objetivos do KDE para dois anos. Plano do GNOME para 5 anos. 40 anos do X Window System.\n<li class=\"l\"> Atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o de servidores compostos: labwc 0.8.0, Hyprland 0.46, Niri 0.1.10, Cage 0.2, Weston 14.0, Wayfire 0.9.\n<li class=\"l\"> GUI: GTK 4.41\/4.16, Qt 6.7\/6.8, IGL 1.0. FLTK 1.4.0 com suporte a Wayland. Ardour continuou o desenvolvimento de um fork do GTK2. PortableGL 0.98 (implementa\u00e7\u00e3o do OpenGL 3 em C). Novos motores para OpenGL e Vulkan no GTK. Louvre para desenvolvimento de servidores compostos. Desenvolvimento do SDL3.\n<li class=\"l\"> GPU: Mesa 24.0\/24.1\/24.2\/24.3. Suporte ao Direct3D 8 adicionado ao DXVK. Porta de drivers NVIDIA para m\u00f3dulos de kernel abertos. Implementa\u00e7\u00e3o aberta do vGPU da NVIDIA. Projeto LibreCUDA. A AMD publicou a documenta\u00e7\u00e3o para o GPU RDNA 3.5.\n<li class=\"l\"> Promo\u00e7\u00e3o do Wayland: Wayland 1.23. Possibilidade de compilar o GNOME apenas com Wayland. Suporte ao Wayland nos drivers NVIDIA. Raspberry Pi OS migrou para o Wayland. Projeto Frog para promover novos protocolos Wayland. Protocolos experimentais do Wayland.\n<li class=\"l\"> Drivers: Nova (novo driver aberto para GPU da NVIDIA com firmwares GSP). embedded-hal (cria\u00e7\u00e3o de drivers em Rust). Melhoria dos drivers NVK e Zink. EXT2 em Rust. Honeykrisp (driver Vulkan para o chip Apple M1). Disponibilidade do driver panthor para a 10\u00aa gera\u00e7\u00e3o de GPUs Mali. A AMD liberou o driver para NPU com motor XDNA.\n<li class=\"l\"> Multim\u00eddia: Pilha aberta para c\u00e2meras MIPI. FFmpeg 7.0\/7.1, PipeWire 1.2.0, PulseAudio 17.0, OBS Studio 31.0, Kodi 21, MythTV 34. Esta\u00e7\u00e3o de trabalho de \u00e1udio Zrythm 1.0.0. Plataforma de gerenciamento de esta\u00e7\u00f5es de r\u00e1dio Rivendell.\n<li class=\"l\"> Codecs: Codecs de \u00e1udio TSAC e Opus 1.5. Decodificador xHE-AAC da FFMpeg. jpegli \u2014 codificador e decodificador JPEG do Google. Suporte ao JPEG XL na Samsung.\n<li class=\"l\"> Gr\u00e1ficos: Aproxima\u00e7\u00e3o do lan\u00e7amento do GIMP 3.0. Inkscape 1.4, Darktable 5.0, RawTherapee 5.10, Scribus 1.6.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Modelagem e 3D: Blender 4.3, FreeCAD 1.0, CadZinho 0.6, KiCad 8.0. O c\u00f3digo do Google Blocks foi aberto. Programa de visualiza\u00e7\u00e3o 3D OSPRay Studio 1.0 e engine de renderiza\u00e7\u00e3o 3D OSPRay 3.1. Modelo 3D da ilha Caldera. Mapa de redes vi\u00e1rias da Overture Maps.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jogos: Beta do NauEngine da VK, Godot 4.3, Open 3D Engine 24.09, Dagor Engine 24.12. Ferramenta para executar jogos Windows da Asahi. Lakka 5.0. Proton 9.0. Wine 9.0. Minetest renomeado para Luanti. C\u00f3digo do jogo Descent 3 foi aberto. Projeto SteamFork. Suporte ao ASUS ROG Ally no SteamOS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Novos projetos abertos: C\u00f3digo do emulador Mikage foi aberto. A Microsoft abriu o c\u00f3digo do reposit\u00f3rio Garnet. A Valve abriu o c\u00f3digo do Steam Audio. A NVIDIA transferiu a linguagem de shaders Slang para o cons\u00f3rcio Khronos. Abertura do Bitwarden SDK.\n<li class=\"l\"> SGBD: PostgreSQL 17, MySQL 8.4\/9.0\/9.1, MariaDB 11.4, Valkey 8.0, Redis 7.4, DuckDB 1.0, IvorySQL 4.0, SynchDB 1.0, EdgeDB 5.0, Firebird 5.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Web: Node.js 23\/24 com suporte a TypeScript. Deno 2.0. Suporte a c\u00f3digo em linguagem C na plataforma JavaScript Bun. Wasmer 5. Teste Speedometer 3.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Navegadores: Tor Browser 14.0, FixBrowser Wolvic na engine Chromium. 25 anos de Dillo. Verso e Servo-the-browser na engine Servo. Servo passou nos testes Acid2. Press\u00e3o para o desenvolvimento do navegador Ladybird e decis\u00e3o de usar a linguagem Swift nele.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mozilla: Plataforma de publicidade. Descontinua\u00e7\u00e3o da colabora\u00e7\u00e3o com Onerep. Projeto MLS (Mozilla Location Service) foi encerrado. Decis\u00e3o de n\u00e3o interromper o suporte para a segunda vers\u00e3o do manifesto do Chrome. Troca de lideran\u00e7a. Demiss\u00f5es de inverno e outono. Gera\u00e7\u00e3o de sites por IA. Ferramentas de reconhecimento de voz. Rebranding.\n<li class=\"l\"> Firefox: lan\u00e7amentos 122-133, prote\u00e7\u00e3o contra rastreamento usando redirecionamentos, bloqueio de cookies de terceiros, permiss\u00f5es tempor\u00e1rias, exibi\u00e7\u00e3o de miniaturas, tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de trechos de texto, \u201cFirefox Labs\u201d, chatbot integrado, barra lateral, abas verticais, di\u00e1logo unificado de limpeza, substitui\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica de HTTP por HTTPS, suporte a Zstandard, melhorias no Firefox View e no visualizador de PDF, porta para o SO Haiku. Firefox 20 anos.\n<li class=\"l\"> Chrome: lan\u00e7amentos 121-131, micropagamentos para monetiza\u00e7\u00e3o, desempenho de extens\u00f5es, abandono da segunda vers\u00e3o do manifesto, manuten\u00e7\u00e3o do suporte a cookies de terceiros, aviso de descontinua\u00e7\u00e3o do uBlock Origin, integra\u00e7\u00e3o de um grande modelo de linguagem.\n<li class=\"l\"> Sistemas distribui\u00e7\u00f5es e P2P: Rede overlay P2P Nebula 1.9. Meshtastic \u2014 rede mesh baseada em transmissores LoRa. OpenZiti 1.0 para integrar redes overlay em aplicativos. PeerTube 7.0.\n<li class=\"l\"> Pacotes de escrit\u00f3rio: LibreOffice 24.2\/24.8, Calligra 4.0, ONLYOFFICE 8.2.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aprendizado de m\u00e1quina: AlphaFold 3 da DeepMind, modelo hertz-dev para comunica\u00e7\u00e3o de voz, ChatTTS para s\u00edntese de fala, Databricks lan\u00e7ou o modelo DBRX, xAI, lan\u00e7ou o modelo Grok, depurador Transformer Debugger da OpenAI, Google lan\u00e7ou o modelo Gemma.\n<li class=\"l\"> Sistemas de arquivos: An\u00fancio da obsolesc\u00eancia do driver Ext2 e remo\u00e7\u00e3o do ReiserFS. Cluster Ceph com largura de banda de tebibytes por segundo. LittleFS 2.10. Sistema de arquivos em cluster VitastorFS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Virtualiza\u00e7\u00e3o e cont\u00eaineres: Trabalho na migra\u00e7\u00e3o do VMware Workstation para o hipervisor KVM. VMware Workstation e VMware Fusion se tornaram gratuitos. Paravirtualiza\u00e7\u00e3o IOMMU no Xen. VirtualBox sobre KVM. Microsoft lan\u00e7ou o hipervisor OpenVMM\/OpenHCL. Finch para Linux. Migra\u00e7\u00e3o de componentes do Hyper-V para o kernel Linux. Lima 1.0 (Linux-on-Mac), Xen 4.19, XCP-ng 8.3, Kata Containers 3.4, LXC 6.0, QEMU 9.0-9.2, Bubblewrap 0.11, CRIU 4.0, Distrobox 1.8, VirtualBox 7.1, MicroCloud LTS.\n<li class=\"l\"> Aplicativos de servidor: OpenSSH 9.7-9.9, BIND 9.20, Samba 4.20\/4.21, Exim 4.98, Postfix 3.9, servidor SMTP chasquid 1.13, ClamAV 1.4, nginx 1.26 com HTTP\/3, libmicrohttpd 1.0.0, HAProxy 3.0. Transi\u00e7\u00e3o do Let's Encrypt para ntpd-rs. OpenSSH: fim do suporte a DSA, separa\u00e7\u00e3o em m\u00faltiplos processos, prote\u00e7\u00e3o contra for\u00e7a bruta.\n<li class=\"l\"> Kernel Linux: Branch linus-next. Discuss\u00e3o sobre o uso de C++ no kernel. Lunatik (cria\u00e7\u00e3o de manipuladores em Lua). Execu\u00e7\u00e3o do Linux em um chip Intel 4004. C\u00f3digo aberto para suporte ao CPU Elbrus. Colis\u00f5es. Vers\u00f5es da microarquitetura x86_64. Kernel ELKS 0.8 para CPUs de 16 bits. Branch UEK-next da Oracle.\n<li class=\"l\"> eBPF: escalonadores de tarefas, diagn\u00f3stico de dispositivos de entrada, opera\u00e7\u00e3o no espa\u00e7o do usu\u00e1rio, bpftop, atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o do DTrace. Plano para o fim do suporte a CPUs ARM antigas.\n<li class=\"l\"> Principais altera\u00e7\u00f5es no n\u00facleo:\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.7: integra\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema de arquivos Bcachefs, fim do suporte \u00e0 arquitetura Itanium, possibilidade de funcionamento do Nouveau com firmware GSP-R, suporte \u00e0 criptografia TLS em NVMe-TCP, possibilidade de usar exce\u00e7\u00f5es em BPF, suporte a futex em io_uring, otimiza\u00e7\u00e3o de desempenho do escalonador fq (Fair Queuing), suporte \u00e0 extens\u00e3o TCP-AO (TCP Authentication Option) e possibilidade de limitar conex\u00f5es de rede no mecanismo de prote\u00e7\u00e3o Landlock, gerenciamento de acesso ao user namespace e io_uring atrav\u00e9s do AppArmor.\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.8: driver Xe para GPU Intel, modo de prote\u00e7\u00e3o de dispositivos de bloco com sistemas de arquivos montados, mecanismo de escalonador de tarefas Deadline server, otimiza\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica da fus\u00e3o de p\u00e1ginas de mem\u00f3ria id\u00eanticas, primeiro driver na linguagem Rust, chamadas de sistema listmount e statmount, remo\u00e7\u00e3o do bpfilter e SLAB, mecanismo guest_memfd no KVM, profiling de acesso a dados.\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.9: m\u00f3dulo dm-vdo para deduplica\u00e7\u00e3o e compress\u00e3o de dispositivos de bloco, modo de acesso direto a arquivos em FUSE, suporte \u00e0 cria\u00e7\u00e3o de pidfd para threads individuais, mecanismo de tokens BPF, suporte a Rust em sistemas ARM64, descontinua\u00e7\u00e3o do driver de sistema de arquivos Ext2, remo\u00e7\u00e3o do antigo driver NTFS, suporte ao mecanismo Intel FRED.\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.10: Driver ntsync com primitivas de sincroniza\u00e7\u00e3o do Windows NT, componentes DRM Panic para implementar um equivalente \u00e0 'tela azul da morte', fim do suporte a CPUs Alpha antigas, capacidade de verificar a integridade no FS baseado em FUSE, restri\u00e7\u00e3o de acesso a ioctl via mecanismo Landlock, subsistema para profila\u00e7\u00e3o de opera\u00e7\u00f5es de aloca\u00e7\u00e3o de mem\u00f3ria, chamada de sistema mseal(), possibilidade de troca de dados criptografados com dispositivos TPM, suporte para filas de trabalho de alta prioridade em dm-crypt, driver panthor para a d\u00e9cima gera\u00e7\u00e3o de GPUs Mali.\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.11: suporte a opera\u00e7\u00f5es de grava\u00e7\u00e3o at\u00f4mica em n\u00edvel de bloco, suporte a opera\u00e7\u00f5es bind() e listen() em io_uring, novo mecanismo de bloqueios de manipuladores de interrup\u00e7\u00e3o, possibilidade de grava\u00e7\u00e3o em arquivos execut\u00e1veis espelhados na mem\u00f3ria, suporte \u00e0 escrita de drivers de dispositivos de bloco na linguagem Rust, otimiza\u00e7\u00e3o da chamada getrandom(), nova implementa\u00e7\u00e3o do AES-GCM.\n<li class=\"l\"> 6.12: possibilidade de ativa\u00e7\u00e3o do modo em tempo real, sched_ext para cria\u00e7\u00e3o de escalonadores de CPU atrav\u00e9s de eBPF, exibi\u00e7\u00e3o de QR code em condi\u00e7\u00f5es de emerg\u00eancia, mecanismo Device Memory TCP, mecanismo de reserva de recursos SCHED_DEADLINE server, melhoria no escalonador de tarefas EEVDF, m\u00f3dulo IPE para defini\u00e7\u00e3o de pol\u00edticas de integridade.    <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Criptografia: Biblioteca de criptografia homom\u00f3rfica da Apple. Ferramentas PGP sq 1.0, OpenSSL 3.3\/3.4, LibreSSL 4.0, VeraCrypt 1.26.14, GnuPG 2.5, Libgcrypt 1.11.0, Cryptsetup 2.7. Reestrutura\u00e7\u00e3o do OpenSSL. Compatibilidade do Rustls com OpenSSL e nginx. Desenvolvimento de algoritmos de criptografia p\u00f3s-qu\u00e2nticos.\n<li class=\"l\"> Problemas com criptografia: KyberSlash (vulnerabilidade no algoritmo p\u00f3s-qu\u00e2ntico Kyber). EUCLEAK (clonagem de chaves YubiKey 5). Recupera\u00e7\u00e3o da chave PuTTY.\n<li class=\"l\"> Backdoor no pacote XZ Utils: retrospectiva, l\u00f3gica de ativa\u00e7\u00e3o, resultados da auditoria, tentativas de ataques semelhantes em outros projetos.\n<li class=\"l\"> Vulnerabilidades em processadores: BadRAM (AMD, bypass SEV-SNP), Sinkclose (AMD, acesso ao SMM). Bypass da prote\u00e7\u00e3o do Spectre. Indirector (Intel). TikTag (ARM, bypass MemTag). Nova variante BHI (Intel). ZenHammer (AMD). GhostRace (Intel, AMD, ARM, IBM). GhostWrite (RISC-V XuanTie). LeftoverLocals (GPU AMD, Apple, Qualcomm e Imagination). RFDS (Intel Atom).\n<li class=\"l\"> M\u00e9todos de ataque: KeyTrap e NSEC3 no DNSSEC. ArtPrompt e BoN para contornar filtros de sistemas de IA. Port Shadow (redirecionamento de conex\u00f5es e Wi-Fi). TunnelVision (redirecionamento de tr\u00e1fego VPN). Obtendo certificados TLS para dom\u00ednios de terceiros \u00ab.mobi\u00bb. Ataque atrav\u00e9s do IP 0.0.0.0 no navegador. SnailLoad (detec\u00e7\u00e3o de sites abertos pela lat\u00eancia dos pacotes). Ataque ao manipulador de aplicativos n\u00e3o instalados no Ubuntu. Ciclagem de protocolos baseados em UDP. \u00abContinuation flood\u00bb (interrup\u00e7\u00e3o do funcionamento de servidores HTTP\/2.0). Falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o de resposta no protocolo RADIUS. Ataque atrav\u00e9s de sequ\u00eancias de escape. BatBadBut (bibliotecas Rust, PHP, Node.js, Python, Ruby, Go, Erlang e Haskell). <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"240\">VPN<\/a> e Wi-Fi). TunnelVision (redirecionamento de tr\u00e1fego VPN). Obten\u00e7\u00e3o de certificados TLS para dom\u00ednios de terceiros '.mobi'. Ataque atrav\u00e9s do IP 0.0.0.0 no navegador. SnailLoad (detec\u00e7\u00e3o de sites abertos por atraso de pacotes). Ataque ao manipulador de aplicativos n\u00e3o instalados no Ubuntu. Looping de protocolos baseados em UDP. 'Continuation flood' (interrup\u00e7\u00e3o do funcionamento de servidores HTTP\/2.0). Falsifica\u00e7\u00e3o de resposta no protocolo RADIUS. Ataque por sequ\u00eancias de escape. BatBadBut (bibliotecas Rust, PHP, Node.js, Python, Ruby, Go, Erlang e Haskell).\n<li class=\"l\"> Problemas devido \u00e0 gera\u00e7\u00e3o de relat\u00f3rios de vulnerabilidades lixo com IA. Preju\u00edzo \u00e0 reputa\u00e7\u00e3o devido a CVEs com vulnerabilidades falsas e exageradas.\n<li class=\"l\"> Vulnerabilidades locais: n\u00facleo Linux (n_gsm, netfilter, io_uring, nf_tables, ksmbd, ktls, uio, pilha de rede), n\u00facleo FreeBSD (1, 2), GRUB2 (RHEL), tuned, needrestart (padr\u00e3o no Ubuntu Server), PostgreSQL, NetworkManager-libreswan, guix-daemon, pam_oath, Nix, drivers NVIDIA, Flatpak, Buildah, Podman, Node.js, libuv, Glibc.\n<li class=\"l\"> Vulnerabilidades remotas: pilha IPv6 do Linux. Pilha Bluetooth do Android. Vulnerabilidade root no OpenSSH (regreSSHion), vulnerabilidades espec\u00edficas do RHEL e FreeBSD no OpenSSH. Execu\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo em sistemas com CUPS (continua\u00e7\u00e3o). libaom e libvpx (codecs AV1 e VP8\/VP9, ataque poss\u00edvel atrav\u00e9s de navegadores). Servidor NFS FreeBSD e OpenBSD. Apache Struts, GStreamer, Libarchive, X.Org Server (1, 2, 3, 4), libgsf (afeta o GNOME), Emacs, Js2Py, PHP, nginx (HTTP\/3), Fluent Bit, Git, R, Glibc (ataque via scripts PHP), Suricata, ClamAV, runc (afeta Docker e Kubernetes), FFmpeg (JPEG XL), Redis.\n<li class=\"l\"> Invas\u00f5es: Internet Archive. Cloudflare. Barracuda Networks. Comprometimento do reposit\u00f3rio PyTorch. Competi\u00e7\u00f5es Pwn2Own Automotive, Pwn2Own 2024 e Pwn2Own Ireland 2024.\n<li class=\"l\"> Privacidade: An\u00e1lise de sess\u00f5es OpenVPN. Telemetria em Manjaro Linux, Fedora e Go. An\u00e1lise de aplicativos VPN para Android. Estat\u00edsticas sobre bloqueadores de an\u00fancios. Acesso a dados de reposit\u00f3rios GitHub remotos e privados.\n<li class=\"l\"> Vulnerabilidades em firmwares e bootloaders: Vulnerabilidade no Shim (bypass do UEFI Secure Boot). PixieFAIL (ataque a firmwares UEFI via PXE). Vulnerabilidades em firmwares UEFI da Phoenix e AMI MegaRAC. Vulnerabilidades em firmwares da Qualcomm. Bypass do UEFI Secure Boot devido a chave de teste em placas-m\u00e3e.\n<li class=\"l\"> M\u00e9todos de ataque: KeyTrap e NSEC3 no DNSSEC. ArtPrompt e BoN para contornar filtros de sistemas de IA. Port Shadow (redirecionamento de conex\u00f5es e Wi-Fi). TunnelVision (redirecionamento de tr\u00e1fego VPN).\n<li class=\"l\"> Vulnerabilidades em roteadores e equipamentos: Falha em 659 mil roteadores dom\u00e9sticos. Possibilidade de gerenciar modems de milh\u00f5es de assinantes da ISP Cox. Backdoors em roteadores e dispositivos de armazenamento em rede da D-Link. Vulnerabilidades em dispositivos Juniper. Vulnerabilidades em roteadores ASUS. Confus\u00e3o de SSID (substitui\u00e7\u00e3o de rede Wi-Fi). Substitui\u00e7\u00e3o de artefatos de compila\u00e7\u00e3o do OpenWRT. Desbloqueio de fechaduras eletr\u00f4nicas Saflok.\n<li class=\"l\"> Detec\u00e7\u00f5es de pacotes maliciosos nos reposit\u00f3rios PyPI (1, 2) e Snap Store. Vulnerabilidades perigosas no GitHub Enterprise Server, Gogs, GitLab (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). Revis\u00e3o manual de nomes de pacotes no Snap Store. An\u00e1lise de download de pacotes obsoletos do NPM. Modelos de IA maliciosos no reposit\u00f3rio Hugging Face. Cem mil reposit\u00f3rios com c\u00f3digo malicioso no GitHub.\n<li class=\"l\"> Falhas: Problemas ao iniciar o Linux devido a erro na atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o para o Windows (an\u00e1lise). Exclus\u00e3o de \/home ao executar 'systemd-tmpfiles \u2014purge'. Falha na zona de dom\u00ednio RU devido ao DNSSEC. Dessincroniza\u00e7\u00e3o do servidor DNS raiz 'C'. Tema KDE que remove arquivos de usu\u00e1rio.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ataques \u00e0s infraestruturas: Inje\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo malicioso atrav\u00e9s do Polyfill. Vazamento de token de acesso a reposit\u00f3rios do GitHub em Python. DDoS na SourceHut. Vazamento de tokens nos Hugging Face Spaces. Publica\u00e7\u00e3o de vers\u00f5es maliciosas da Ultralytics. Inje\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo malicioso no cliente JavaScript oficial da criptomoeda Solana. C\u00f3digo malicioso no plugin ss-otr para Pidgin.\n<li class=\"l\"> Incidentes: Os atacantes alteraram as configura\u00e7\u00f5es BGP do operador de telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es Orange Espagne. O GitHub atualizou as chaves GPG devido a uma vulnerabilidade na infraestrutura. Exposi\u00e7\u00e3o p\u00fablica de um token de reposit\u00f3rios internos da Mercedes.    <\/ul>\n<p>Ao longo do ano, foram publicadas 1569 not\u00edcias no OpenNET, que receberam 158 mil coment\u00e1rios. No outono de 2024, o projeto OpenNET completar\u00e1 28 anos.<br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62475\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439 2024 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e: \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u044b: \u041a\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0441 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0435 NixOS. \u0418\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0421\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0438 \u041f\u0438\u0440\u0441\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 GfNOME Foundation. \u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 B\u0441acheFS \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441\u043e\u043c. \u041e\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 Python. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442 WordPress c WP Engine, \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430 ACF. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-121227","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0418\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 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