{"id":121869,"date":"2025-02-12T14:22:12","date_gmt":"2025-02-12T12:22:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dlya-systemd-razvivaetsya-vozmozhnost-zagruzki-sistemnyh-obrazov-po-http"},"modified":"2025-02-12T14:22:12","modified_gmt":"2025-02-12T12:22:12","slug":"dlya-systemd-razvivaetsya-vozmozhnost-zagruzki-sistemnyh-obrazov-po-http","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/dlya-systemd-razvivaetsya-vozmozhnost-zagruzki-sistemnyh-obrazov-po-http","title":{"rendered":"Para systemd, est\u00e1 sendo desenvolvida a possibilidade de carregar imagens de sistema via HTTP.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Lennart Poettering sugeriu incluir no gerenciador de sistema systemd uma mudan\u00e7a que permite carregar o sistema usando uma imagem de sistema de arquivos raiz obtida de um host externo via protocolo HTTP. A altera\u00e7\u00e3o envolve a amplia\u00e7\u00e3o do systemd com a capacidade de n\u00e3o apenas baixar uma imagem de disco via HTTP na fase inicial de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o, mas tamb\u00e9m descompactar a imagem baixada, vincul\u00e1-la a um dispositivo em modo loopback, montar o dispositivo como \/sysroot e inicializar o sistema a partir dele.      <\/p>\n<p>O suporte para baixar imagens de disco durante a inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema com o systemd-import-generator j\u00e1 est\u00e1 inclu\u00eddo no systemd 257. As demais funcionalidades ainda est\u00e3o em fase de prot\u00f3tipo, precisando de melhorias. A implementa\u00e7\u00e3o ainda n\u00e3o suporta o ciclo completo de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o, mas no futuro planejam desenvolver a funcionalidade para inicializar atrav\u00e9s do UEFI HTTP Boot de imagens de n\u00facleo universais UKI (Unified Kernel Image), que combinam em um \u00fanico arquivo o carregador para UEFI (UEFI boot stub), a imagem do n\u00facleo Linux e o ambiente de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o em mem\u00f3ria initrd.     <\/p>\n<p>A URL for downloading the system image is planned to be calculated based on the URL set for the EFI image in the UEFI HTTP Boot settings (for example, when booting via EFI HTTP Boot \"http:\/\/example.com\/somedir\/myimage.efi\", the UKI initrd handler will load the rootfs image as \"http:\/\/example.com\/somedir\/myimage.raw.xz\"). Furthermore, in addition to HTTP, support for the NVMe-over-TCP technology is expected to be added, allowing access to NVMe drives over the network (NVM Express over Fabrics), using the TCP protocol.      <\/p>\n<p>It is expected that booting from images obtained from an external host will simplify the organization of testing modern immutable operating systems on real hardware. The developer can create an image with the system environment using the mkosi utility on their computer and make it available via HTTP with the command \"mkosi -f serve\". On the computer where the system needs to be tested, it is sufficient to enable HTTP boot in EFI and add the URL of the image to be loaded with the command: kernel-bootcfg \u2014add-uri=http:\/\/192.168.47.11:8081\/image.efi \u2014title=testloop \u2014boot-order=0      <\/p>\n<p>Ap\u00f3s isso, basta reiniciar o computador e ele carregar\u00e1 a imagem padr\u00e3o do n\u00facleo UKI, que por sua vez carregar\u00e1 a imagem de disco preparada pelo desenvolvedor, contendo o sistema de arquivos raiz. At\u00e9 a desativa\u00e7\u00e3o da inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o EFI via HTTP, cada reinicializa\u00e7\u00e3o subsequente do computador levar\u00e1 ao carregamento de uma nova imagem do sistema. Durante esses testes, os discos locais n\u00e3o s\u00e3o afetados.<br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=62711\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0442 \u041f\u043e\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433 (Lennart Poettering) \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440 systemd \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0424\u0421, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e c \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443 HTTP. \u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e systemd \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043f\u043e HTTP \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0438 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