Foi lan\u00e7ada a vers\u00e3o do distribuidor NixOS 25.05, que \u00e9 baseada no gerenciador de pacotes Nix e fornece desenvolvimentos pr\u00f3prios para simplificar a configura\u00e7\u00e3o e a manuten\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema. No NixOS, toda a configura\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema \u00e9 feita atrav\u00e9s de um \u00fanico arquivo de configura\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema, configuration.nix. Existem op\u00e7\u00f5es para reverter rapidamente o sistema para uma configura\u00e7\u00e3o anterior e alternar entre diferentes estados do sistema. A instala\u00e7\u00e3o de pacotes individuais por usu\u00e1rios \u00e9 suportada, assim como a possibilidade de usar v\u00e1rias vers\u00f5es de um mesmo programa simultaneamente. Compila\u00e7\u00f5es reproduz\u00edveis s\u00e3o garantidas. Para as arquiteturas x86_64 e ARM64, uma imagem de instala\u00e7\u00e3o com interface gr\u00e1fica (3,7 GB) e uma vers\u00e3o console reduzida (1,4 GB) foram preparadas. <\/p>\n
Ao usar o Nix, o resultado da constru\u00e7\u00e3o de pacotes \u00e9 armazenado em um subdiret\u00f3rio separado em \/nix\/store. Por exemplo, ap\u00f3s a constru\u00e7\u00e3o, o pacote firefox pode ser gravado em \/nix\/store\/5onlv1pc3ed6n5nskg8ew4twcfd0d5ae4ec5d4-firefox-138.0.4\/, onde \u00ab5onlv1pc3ed6n5nskg8ew4twcfd0d5ae4ec5d4\u00bb \u00e9 o hash de todas as suas depend\u00eancias e instru\u00e7\u00f5es de constru\u00e7\u00e3o. A instala\u00e7\u00e3o de um pacote implica sua constru\u00e7\u00e3o ou download de uma vers\u00e3o j\u00e1 constru\u00edda (desde que tenha sido constru\u00edda anteriormente no Hydra \u2014 servi\u00e7o de constru\u00e7\u00e3o do projeto NixOS), al\u00e9m da cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um diret\u00f3rio com links simb\u00f3licos para todos os pacotes no perfil do sistema ou do usu\u00e1rio, com a subsequente adi\u00e7\u00e3o desse diret\u00f3rio ao PATH. Uma abordagem semelhante \u00e9 utilizada no gerenciador de pacotes GNU Guix, que se baseia nos desenvolvimentos do Nix. A cole\u00e7\u00e3o de pacotes \u00e9 apresentada em um reposit\u00f3rio especial chamado Nixpkgs. <\/p>\n
Principais novidades: <\/p>\n
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