{"id":146607,"date":"2025-10-28T11:11:55","date_gmt":"2025-10-28T09:11:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vo-freebsd-obespechena-podderzhka-vosproizvodimyh-sborok-i-sborki-bez-prav-root"},"modified":"2025-10-28T11:11:55","modified_gmt":"2025-10-28T09:11:55","slug":"vo-freebsd-obespechena-podderzhka-vosproizvodimyh-sborok-i-sborki-bez-prav-root","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/vo-freebsd-obespechena-podderzhka-vosproizvodimyh-sborok-i-sborki-bez-prav-root","title":{"rendered":"O FreeBSD agora oferece suporte a builds reproduz\u00edveis e builds sem privil\u00e9gios de root","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

A organiza\u00e7\u00e3o FreeBSD Foundation anunciou a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de suporte a compila\u00e7\u00f5es reproduz\u00edveis, permitindo garantir que os arquivos bin\u00e1rios distribu\u00eddos sejam gerados a partir do c\u00f3digo-fonte fornecido e n\u00e3o contenham altera\u00e7\u00f5es ocultas. Ao mesmo tempo, foi anunciado que ser\u00e1 poss\u00edvel compilar o FreeBSD em ambientes n\u00e3o privilegiados, que n\u00e3o exigem permiss\u00f5es de root. A elimina\u00e7\u00e3o de componentes executados durante a compila\u00e7\u00e3o com permiss\u00f5es de root aumentar\u00e1 a seguran\u00e7a da infraestrutura para a gera\u00e7\u00e3o de lan\u00e7amentos do FreeBSD, reduzir\u00e1 a superf\u00edcie de ataque do ambiente de compila\u00e7\u00e3o e facilitar\u00e1 a organiza\u00e7\u00e3o de compila\u00e7\u00f5es automatizadas. <\/p>\n

Na fase de compila\u00e7\u00e3o, as permiss\u00f5es de root eram necess\u00e1rias para criar arquivos de dispositivos, definir permiss\u00f5es de acesso e montar sistemas de arquivos adicionais (por exemplo, ao criar imagens de disco). As altera\u00e7\u00f5es para substituir tais a\u00e7\u00f5es por opera\u00e7\u00f5es que n\u00e3o requerem permiss\u00f5es de root foram adicionadas ao ramo experimental do FreeBSD, mas ser\u00e3o transferidas posteriormente para a ramifica\u00e7\u00e3o com base na qual o lan\u00e7amento do FreeBSD 15.0 \u00e9 formado. Al\u00e9m de compilar o lan\u00e7amento a partir do c\u00f3digo-fonte, agora tamb\u00e9m podem ser criados, sem permiss\u00f5es de root, artefatos como imagens iso para criar discos de instala\u00e7\u00e3o e inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o em Flash, bem como imagens do sistema para m\u00e1quinas virtuais<\/a> e plataformas em nuvem. <\/p>\n

No que diz respeito \u00e0s compila\u00e7\u00f5es reproduz\u00edveis, elas permitem alcan\u00e7ar a identidade dos arquivos bin\u00e1rios gerados a partir do c\u00f3digo-fonte em diferentes ambientes de compila\u00e7\u00e3o. Qualquer pessoa agora pode verificar pessoalmente que os arquivos bin\u00e1rios distribu\u00eddos s\u00e3o gerados a partir dos textos-fonte fornecidos, sem depender apenas da confian\u00e7a na infraestrutura de compila\u00e7\u00e3o do projeto, uma vez que a compromiza\u00e7\u00e3o do compilador ou das ferramentas de compila\u00e7\u00e3o pode levar \u00e0 inser\u00e7\u00e3o de backdoors ocultas. <\/p>\n

Ao formar constru\u00e7\u00f5es reproduz\u00edveis, consideram-se detalhes como a correspond\u00eancia exata das depend\u00eancias; o uso de composi\u00e7\u00f5es e vers\u00f5es imut\u00e1veis das ferramentas de compila\u00e7\u00e3o; um conjunto id\u00eantico de op\u00e7\u00f5es e configura\u00e7\u00f5es padr\u00e3o; a preserva\u00e7\u00e3o da ordem de compila\u00e7\u00e3o dos arquivos (aplica\u00e7\u00e3o dos mesmos m\u00e9todos de ordena\u00e7\u00e3o); a desativa\u00e7\u00e3o da adi\u00e7\u00e3o de informa\u00e7\u00f5es de servi\u00e7o n\u00e3o persistentes pelo compilador, como valores aleat\u00f3rios, refer\u00eancias a caminhos de arquivos e dados sobre a data e o hor\u00e1rio da compila\u00e7\u00e3o. Erros e condi\u00e7\u00f5es de corrida nas ferramentas tamb\u00e9m influenciam a reproduzibilidade das compila\u00e7\u00f5es.
\n
Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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