{"id":172755,"date":"2026-05-19T18:24:53","date_gmt":"2026-05-19T16:24:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/ad-nihilum-0-4-3"},"modified":"2026-05-19T18:24:53","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T16:24:53","slug":"ad-nihilum-0-4-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/ad-nihilum-0-4-3","title":{"rendered":"Ad Nihilum 0.4.3","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Foi lan\u00e7ado o Ad Nihilum 0.4.3 \u2014 um servi\u00e7o minimalista para troca de mensagens criptografadas no princ\u00edpio de &laquo;li e queimei&raquo;, destinado principalmente ao self-hosting.<\/p>\n<p>O servidor atua apenas como um reposit\u00f3rio cego. A criptografia e decripta\u00e7\u00e3o ocorrem exclusivamente do lado do cliente, no navegador (via AES-GCM).<\/p>\n<h3>Caracter\u00edsticas<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>criptografia e decripta\u00e7\u00e3o local, <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/server\/\"   title=\"servidor\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\">servidor<\/a> nunca v\u00ea a chave;<\/li>\n<li>suporte para um n\u00edvel adicional de criptografia por senha, que (1) o servidor n\u00e3o pode saber, (2) n\u00e3o pode ser identificado pela URL transmitida;<\/li>\n<li>o projeto cont\u00e9m cerca de 2200 linhas de c\u00f3digo do servidor em C e 600 linhas de c\u00f3digo do cliente em JS, facilitando a auditoria;<\/li>\n<li>Ad Nihilum depende apenas do libmicrohttpd. Para a gera\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digos QR, uma vers\u00e3o modificada do QRCode.js \u00e9 fornecida;<\/li>\n<li>inclui um guia para o r\u00e1pido levantamento do servi\u00e7o local sem IP externo;<\/li>\n<li>Ad Nihilum funciona tamb\u00e9m no Android, um script correspondente para compilar no Termux \u00e9 fornecido;<\/li>\n<li>servidor de thread \u00fanica e s\u00edncrono.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Mudan\u00e7as<\/h3>\n<h4>Re-design abrangente<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>As p\u00e1ginas de envio e recebimento de mensagens foram separadas, o c\u00f3digo do cliente correspondente.<\/li>\n<li>No geral, o design foi amplamente alterado e ajustado com base nas sugest\u00f5es dos usu\u00e1rios do lorchany.<\/li>\n<li>&laquo;Cliente simples&raquo; e local:\n<ul> <noindex><\/p>\n<li>um cliente com design simplificado foi adicionado. <a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/adnihilum.net\/simple\">https:\/\/adnihilum.net\/simple<\/a>;<\/li>\n<p><\/noindex> <\/p>\n<li>As p\u00e1ginas do cliente podem ser salvas localmente e usadas a partir de file:\/\/.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Pol\u00edticas do navegador<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>CSP foi implementado para combater XSS;<\/li>\n<li>o servidor envia HSTS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>Outras mudan\u00e7as<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>o projeto foi renomeado de Epha-ots;<\/li>\n<li>o dom\u00ednio adnihilum.net foi adquirido;<\/li>\n<li>TLS \u00e9 garantido pelo Let&rsquo;s Encrypt, \u00e9 bom ter isso em mente (sem custos);<\/li>\n<li>facilitado o trabalho com arquivos;<\/li>\n<li>transi\u00e7\u00e3o para fat-pointers;<\/li>\n<li>pequenos bugs foram corrigidos;<\/li>\n<li>auto-jsminify e compila\u00e7\u00e3o de arquivos do cliente ao compilar via CMake.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Vis\u00e3o geral do protocolo<\/h3>\n<p>Gerar tr\u00eas valores aleat\u00f3rios: uma chave <strong>K<\/strong>, um vetor de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o <strong>N<\/strong> e um sal <strong>S<\/strong>. <strong>K<\/strong> \u2014 256 bits, <strong>N<\/strong> \u2014 96 bits, <strong>S<\/strong> \u2014 128 bits.<\/p>\n<p>Retirar <strong>ID<\/strong> do <strong>K<\/strong> e <strong>S<\/strong> usando HKDF baseado em SHA-256.<\/p>\n<p>Formar uma string de dados adicionais autenticados <strong>aad<\/strong> \u2014 \u00e9 apenas uma string do tipo: id=ID<\/p>\n<p>Se o usu\u00e1rio definiu uma senha:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>exibir <strong>Pk<\/strong> da senha e <strong>S<\/strong> usando PBKDF2, SHA-256, 800000 itera\u00e7\u00f5es;<\/li>\n<li>o mesmo sal \u00e9 usado para tudo;<\/li>\n<li>criptografar os dados usando AES-GCM, utilizando a chave <strong>Pk<\/strong>, IV\/nonce <strong>N<\/strong> e transmitir <strong>aad<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Adicionar uma tag de dois bytes aos dados j\u00e1 criptografados, se uma senha foi usada, ou aos dados originais, se n\u00e3o houve senha.<\/p>\n<p>O primeiro byte tem o valor: ele indica se os dados foram criptografados com uma senha:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>0x73 \u2014 os dados est\u00e3o criptografados com uma senha;<\/li>\n<li>0x13 \u2014 os dados n\u00e3o est\u00e3o criptografados com uma senha.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>O segundo byte \u00e9 um valor constante 0x37.<\/p>\n<p>Recriptografar o resultado usando AES-GCM, utilizando o mesmo iv = N e o mesmo <strong>aad<\/strong>. Isso gera o texto criptografado final. <strong>\u2014 backup de um cont\u00eainer;<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Concatenar os bytes em uma string: blob = N .. S .. ct<\/p>\n<p>Enviar <strong>blob<\/strong> para o servidor junto com <strong>ID<\/strong>. O servidor retorna <strong>blob<\/strong> por esse <strong>ID<\/strong> e n\u00e3o pode ser substitu\u00eddo: o cliente verificar\u00e1 primeiro <strong>ID<\/strong> usando <strong>N<\/strong> e <strong>K<\/strong> antes da descriptografia e, em seguida, atrav\u00e9s de <strong>aad<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>O cliente armazena <strong>K<\/strong>. <strong>K<\/strong> nunca \u00e9 enviado ao servidor. <strong>Pk<\/strong> tampouco \u00e9 enviado; tudo relacionado \u00e0 senha \u00e9 removido da mem\u00f3ria.<\/p>\n<p>O cliente forma um link: origin\/#ID\/K<\/p>\n<p>Aqui <strong>ID<\/strong> e <strong>K<\/strong> \u2014 strings no formato base64url.<\/p>\n<p>Quando o destinat\u00e1rio abre o link:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>o navegador descarta tudo que come\u00e7a com #; isso \u00e9 chamado de location.hash;<\/li>\n<li>o aplicativo cliente \u00e9 carregado do servidor;<\/li>\n<li>na minha opini\u00e3o, essa \u00e9 a principal falha: na verdade, voltamos \u00e0 quest\u00e3o de que \"TLS \u00e9 falho;\"<\/li>\n<li>no entanto, nada impede de manter o cliente offline;<\/li>\n<li>idealmente, deve haver um cliente standalone separado.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>O JavaScript do cliente verifica o location.hash e, se houver <strong>ID<\/strong> e <strong>K<\/strong>, ele carrega os dados do servidor.<\/p>\n<p>Em seguida, ele os verifica, descriptografa e, se necess\u00e1rio, solicita a senha e descriptografa mais uma vez.<\/p>\n<h3>Licen\u00e7a<\/h3>\n<p>O projeto \u00e9 distribu\u00eddo sob a GPLv3.<\/p>\n<p>Fonte: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linux.org.ru\/news\/opensource\/18293734\">linux.org.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Ad Nihilum 0.4.3 \u2014 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0443 &laquo;\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b \u2014 \u0441\u0436\u0435\u0433&raquo;, \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0430 self-hosting. C\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430. \u0428\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u0432 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0435 (\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 AES-GCM). \u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430; \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u044f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-172755","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 Ad Nihilum 0.4.3 \u2014 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0443 \u00ab\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b \u2014 \u0441\u0436\u0435\u0433\u00bb, \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0430 self-hosting. 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