Constantin Riabcev, administrador da infraestrutura do kernel.org, publicou os resultados da an\u00e1lise de tr\u00e1fego do servi\u00e7o git.kernel.org, que permite visualizar o conte\u00fado dos reposit\u00f3rios git dos projetos relacionados ao desenvolvimento do n\u00facleo do Linux. Diariamente, o servi\u00e7o processa cerca de 6 milh\u00f5es de requisi\u00e7\u00f5es de informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre commits, das quais 66% s\u00e3o de bots, que podem ser bloqueados pela sistema Anubis. 33% das requisi\u00e7\u00f5es passam pela verifica\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema Anubis, que permite a entrada apenas ap\u00f3s um desafio em JavaScript, cuja solu\u00e7\u00e3o, com um hash SHA-256 combinado com uma string fornecida pelo servidor, cont\u00e9m um n\u00famero espec\u00edfico de zeros \u00e0 frente (essa tarefa requer recursos de CPU para ser resolvida, mas n\u00e3o necessita de recursos para verifica\u00e7\u00e3o). <\/p>\n
N\u00e3o \u00e9 poss\u00edvel determinar precisamente quem, dentre esses 33%, s\u00e3o humanos e quem s\u00e3o bots avan\u00e7ados, mas pela natureza das requisi\u00e7\u00f5es, chegou-se \u00e0 conclus\u00e3o de que a parte total de requisi\u00e7\u00f5es leg\u00edtimas \u00e9 de cerca de 2%, enquanto os outros 98% s\u00e3o de scrapers. Um dos sinais de bots s\u00e3o as requisi\u00e7\u00f5es diretas a commits antigos em ramos aleat\u00f3rios, que \u00e9 improv\u00e1vel que sejam \u00fateis para as pessoas no trabalho. A atividade dos bots cria uma enorme carga parasit\u00e1ria sobre servidores<\/a> Como os bots enviam bilh\u00f5es de solicita\u00e7\u00f5es, tentando todas as op\u00e7\u00f5es de acesso atrav\u00e9s da interface web e repetidamente solicitando os mesmos dados com diferentes par\u00e2metros, em vez de fazer o download de todo o c\u00f3digo e hist\u00f3rico de commits de uma s\u00f3 vez atrav\u00e9s da opera\u00e7\u00e3o «git clone». <\/p>\n O bloqueio de bots por endere\u00e7os IP<\/a> e sistemas aut\u00f4nomos rapidamente deixou de funcionar, pois os bots come\u00e7aram a enviar requisi\u00e7\u00f5es de milh\u00f5es de endere\u00e7os IP aleat\u00f3rios de redes dom\u00e9sticas ou m\u00f3veis, obtidos atrav\u00e9s da atividade de botnets ou monetiza\u00e7\u00e3o de extens\u00f5es de navegador. De cada endere\u00e7o, s\u00e3o enviadas apenas 4-5 requisi\u00e7\u00f5es, tornando o bloqueio no n\u00edvel do firewall in\u00fatil. <\/p>\n Por um tempo, o sistema Anubis ajudou a bloquear os bots, mas com o tempo os bots se adaptaram para realizar os c\u00e1lculos propostos no Anubis. Entre outras coisas, os bots aprenderam a resolver problemas de n\u00edvel 5 de dificuldade, e aumentar o n\u00edvel se torna problem\u00e1tico, pois mesmo o quinto n\u00edvel exige alguns segundos de c\u00e1lculos e irrita muito os usu\u00e1rios leg\u00edtimos. <\/p>\n Como resultado, a manuten\u00e7\u00e3o das solicita\u00e7\u00f5es dos scrapers na infraestrutura do kernel.org demanda mais recursos do que todos os outros tipos de opera\u00e7\u00f5es leg\u00edtimas, incluindo «git clone». servidores<\/a>, dos 90 n\u00facleos de CPU que atendem ao git.kernel.org, a qualquer momento, 14 a 16 est\u00e3o constantemente ocupados exibindo commits do git para bots. Para reduzir a carga, os administradores agora est\u00e3o tentando limitar as capacidades do servi\u00e7o, desativar algumas opera\u00e7\u00f5es que consomem muitos recursos, restringir o acesso an\u00f4nimo e reduzir o n\u00famero de links dispon\u00edveis para navega\u00e7\u00e3o. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d \u0420\u044f\u0431\u0446\u0435\u0432, \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b kernel.org, \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430 git.kernel.org, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 git-\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux. \u0415\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 6 \u043c\u043b\u043d \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 66% \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Anubis. 33% \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b Anubis, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-183180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd4798% das solicita\u00e7\u00f5es ao git.kernel.org s\u00e3o geradas por bots, criando uma enorme carga parasit\u00e1ria | ProHoster","description":"Konstantin Ryabtsev, administrador da infraestrutura do kernel.org, publicou os resultados da an\u00e1lise de tr\u00e1fego do servi\u00e7o git.kernel.org, que permite visualizar o conte\u00fado dos reposit\u00f3rios git de projetos relacionados ao desenvolvimento do 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Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"