{"id":35582,"date":"2019-10-31T22:05:11","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:05:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/periodicheskaya-smena-parolej-ustarevshaya-praktika-prishlo-vremya-ot-neyo-otkazatsya\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:05:11","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:05:11","slug":"periodicheskaya-smena-parolej-ustarevshaya-praktika-prishlo-vremya-ot-neyo-otkazatsya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/administrirovanie\/periodicheskaya-smena-parolej-ustarevshaya-praktika-prishlo-vremya-ot-neyo-otkazatsya","title":{"rendered":"A mudan\u00e7a peri\u00f3dica de senhas \u00e9 uma pr\u00e1tica obsoleta, \u00e9 hora de abandon\u00e1-la.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Em muitos sistemas de TI, existe uma regra obrigat\u00f3ria de troca peri\u00f3dica de senhas. Esta \u00e9, sem d\u00favida, uma das exig\u00eancias mais odiadas e mais in\u00fateis das pol\u00edticas de seguran\u00e7a. Alguns usu\u00e1rios, como truque, simplesmente mudam o n\u00famero no final.<\/p>\n

Essa pr\u00e1tica causava muitos inconvenientes. No entanto, as pessoas tiveram que suportar, pois era por seguran\u00e7a<\/i>. Agora, esse conselho est\u00e1 completamente obsoleto. Em maio de 2019, at\u00e9 a Microsoft finalmente removeu a exig\u00eancia de troca peri\u00f3dica de senhas dos requisitos de seguran\u00e7a b\u00e1sicos para vers\u00f5es pessoais e servidoras do Windows 10: aqui est\u00e1 uma declara\u00e7\u00e3o oficial no blog<\/a><\/noindex> com a lista de mudan\u00e7as para a vers\u00e3o Windows 10 v 1903 (preste aten\u00e7\u00e3o na frase Eliminando as pol\u00edticas de expira\u00e7\u00e3o de senha que exigem mudan\u00e7as peri\u00f3dicas de senha<\/i>). As pr\u00f3prias regras e pol\u00edticas do sistema Windows 10 Version 1903 e Windows Server 2019 Security Baseline<\/i> foram inclu\u00eddas no pacote Microsoft Security Compliance Toolkit 1.0<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Voc\u00ea pode mostrar esses documentos \u00e0 sua ger\u00eancia e dizer: os tempos mudaram. A exig\u00eancia de troca de senhas \u00e9 uma rel\u00edquia, agora praticamente oficial. At\u00e9 a auditoria de seguran\u00e7a n\u00e3o verificar\u00e1 mais essa exig\u00eancia (se basear nas regras oficiais sobre prote\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica de computadores com Windows).
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\"A
\nUm fragmento da lista com pol\u00edticas b\u00e1sicas de seguran\u00e7a do Windows 10 v1809 e as mudan\u00e7as na 1903, onde as pol\u00edticas correspondentes sobre validade de senhas j\u00e1 n\u00e3o s\u00e3o aplicadas. A prop\u00f3sito, na nova vers\u00e3o, as contas de administrador e convidado tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o desativadas por padr\u00e3o.<\/i><\/p>\n

A Microsoft explica de forma acess\u00edvel em seu blog por que abandonou a regra de troca obrigat\u00f3ria de senha: \"A expira\u00e7\u00e3o peri\u00f3dica da senha \u00e9 uma prote\u00e7\u00e3o apenas contra a probabilidade de que a senha (ou hash) seja roubada durante sua validade e utilizada por uma pessoa n\u00e3o autorizada. Se a senha n\u00e3o for roubada, n\u00e3o h\u00e1 sentido em mud\u00e1-la. E se voc\u00ea tiver provas de que a senha foi roubada, voc\u00ea, evidentemente, desejar\u00e1 agir imediatamente, em vez de esperar a expira\u00e7\u00e3o para resolver o problema\".<\/p>\n

A Microsoft explica que, nas condi\u00e7\u00f5es atuais, \u00e9 inadequado proteger-se contra o roubo de senhas dessa forma: \"Se sabe-se que uma senha provavelmente ser\u00e1 roubada, quantos dias \u00e9 um per\u00edodo aceit\u00e1vel para permitir que o ladr\u00e3o use essa senha roubada? O valor padr\u00e3o \u00e9 de 42 dias. N\u00e3o parece ridiculamente longo? De fato, \u00e9 muito longo, e mesmo assim nosso \u00edndice b\u00e1sico atual foi definido em 60 dias \u2014 e antes em 90 dias \u2014 porque a imposi\u00e7\u00e3o de uma expira\u00e7\u00e3o frequente traz seus pr\u00f3prios problemas. E se a senha n\u00e3o precisa necessariamente ser roubada, voc\u00ea adquire esses problemas sem benef\u00edcio. Al\u00e9m disso, se seus usu\u00e1rios est\u00e3o dispostos a trocar senhas por doces, nenhuma pol\u00edtica de expira\u00e7\u00e3o de senhas ajudar\u00e1.\"<\/p>\n

Alternativa<\/h1>\n

\nA Microsoft afirma que suas pol\u00edticas b\u00e1sicas de seguran\u00e7a s\u00e3o destinadas a serem usadas por empresas bem geridas e preocupadas com seguran\u00e7a. Elas tamb\u00e9m t\u00eam a inten\u00e7\u00e3o de servir como diretrizes para auditores. Se tal organiza\u00e7\u00e3o implementou listas de senhas proibidas, autentica\u00e7\u00e3o multifatorial, detec\u00e7\u00e3o de ataques de for\u00e7a bruta e detec\u00e7\u00e3o de tentativas de login an\u00f4malas, \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio o expirar peri\u00f3dico da senha? E se n\u00e3o implementaram medidas de prote\u00e7\u00e3o modernas, a expira\u00e7\u00e3o da senha ajudar\u00e1?<\/p>\n

A l\u00f3gica da Microsoft \u00e9 surpreendentemente convincente. Temos duas op\u00e7\u00f5es:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. A empresa implementou medidas de prote\u00e7\u00e3o modernas.\n<\/li>\n
  2. Empresa n\u00e3o<\/i> implementou medidas de prote\u00e7\u00e3o modernas.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nNo primeiro caso, a troca peri\u00f3dica de senhas n\u00e3o oferece benef\u00edcios adicionais.<\/p>\n

    No segundo caso, a troca peri\u00f3dica de senhas \u00e9 in\u00fatil.<\/p>\n

    Assim, em vez de um prazo de validade para senhas, devemos usar, em primeiro lugar, autentica\u00e7\u00e3o multifatorial<\/b>. Outras medidas de prote\u00e7\u00e3o listadas acima: listas de senhas proibidas, detec\u00e7\u00e3o de for\u00e7a bruta e outras tentativas an\u00f4malas de login.<\/p>\n

    \u00abA expira\u00e7\u00e3o peri\u00f3dica da senha \u00e9 uma medida de seguran\u00e7a antiga e obsoleta.<\/i>, \u2014 conclui a Microsoft, \u2014 e n\u00e3o acreditamos que haja um valor espec\u00edfico a ser aplicado ao nosso n\u00edvel de prote\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica. Ao remov\u00ea-lo de nosso n\u00edvel b\u00e1sico, as organiza\u00e7\u00f5es podem escolher o que melhor se adequa \u00e0s suas necessidades previstas, sem contrariar nossas recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es.\u00bb<\/p>\n

    Sa\u00edda<\/h1>\n

    \nSe uma empresa hoje exige que os usu\u00e1rios mudem suas senhas periodicamente, o que pode pensar um observador externo?<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Dado:<\/b> a empresa utiliza um mecanismo de prote\u00e7\u00e3o arcaico.\n<\/li>\n
    2. Suponha que:<\/b> a empresa n\u00e3o implementou mecanismos de prote\u00e7\u00e3o modernos.\n<\/li>\n
    3. Conclus\u00e3o:<\/b> essas senhas s\u00e3o mais f\u00e1ceis de obter e utilizar.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \nAssim, a mudan\u00e7a peri\u00f3dica de senhas torna a empresa um alvo mais atrativo para ataques.<\/p>\n

      \n\"A
      \n<\/a><\/noindex>
      \n
      Fonte:       habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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