{"id":35652,"date":"2019-10-31T22:05:33","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:05:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/rasshifrovka-luks-kontejnera-v-moment-zagruzki-sistemy\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:05:33","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:05:33","slug":"rasshifrovka-luks-kontejnera-v-moment-zagruzki-sistemy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/administrirovanie\/rasshifrovka-luks-kontejnera-v-moment-zagruzki-sistemy","title":{"rendered":"Descriptografia do container LUKS no momento da inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

A todos um bom dia, boa noite! Este post ser\u00e1 \u00fatil para aqueles que utilizam a criptografia de dados LUKS e desejam realizar a descriptografia de discos no Linux (Debian, Ubuntu) em est\u00e1gio de descriptografia da parti\u00e7\u00e3o root<\/b>. E n\u00e3o consegui encontrar tais informa\u00e7\u00f5es na internet.<\/p>\n

Recentemente, com o aumento do n\u00famero de discos nas prateleiras, enfrentei o problema de descriptografar discos usando o m\u00e9todo bem conhecido atrav\u00e9s de \/etc\/crypttab. Pessoalmente, destaco alguns problemas no uso deste m\u00e9todo, nomeadamente o fato de que o arquivo \u00e9 lido apenas ap\u00f3s o carregamento (mount) da parti\u00e7\u00e3o root<\/b>, o que afeta negativamente a importa\u00e7\u00e3o do ZFS, especialmente se foram constru\u00eddos a partir de parti\u00e7\u00f5es em dispositivos *_crypt, ou em arrays mdadm, que tamb\u00e9m foram criados a partir de parti\u00e7\u00f5es. Todos n\u00f3s sabemos que \u00e9 poss\u00edvel usar parted em cont\u00eaineres LUKS?<\/i> E tamb\u00e9m o problema do in\u00edcio precoce de outros servi\u00e7os, quando os arrays ainda n\u00e3o est\u00e3o prontos e utilizados<\/b> j\u00e1 \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio algo (eu trabalho com Proxmox VE 5.x clusterizado e ZFS sobre iSCSI).<\/p>\n

Um pouco sobre ZFS sobre iSCSI<\/b>iSCSI funciona para mim atrav\u00e9s do LIO, e quando o iscsi-target inicia e n\u00e3o v\u00ea os dispositivos ZVOL, eles simplesmente s\u00e3o removidos da configura\u00e7\u00e3o, o que n\u00e3o permite que as m\u00e1quinas guest iniciem. Portanto, ou restaura\u00e7\u00e3o do arquivo de backup json, ou adi\u00e7\u00e3o manual de dispositivos com os identificadores de cada VM, o que \u00e9 simplesmente horr\u00edvel quando essas m\u00e1quinas s\u00e3o dezenas e em cada configura\u00e7\u00e3o h\u00e1 mais de 1 disco.<\/p>\n

E a segunda quest\u00e3o que vou abordar \u00e9 como realizar a descriptografia (este \u00e9 o ponto chave do artigo). E sobre isso vamos falar abaixo, venha conferir!
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nNa maioria das vezes, na vastid\u00e3o da internet, utiliza-se um arquivo-chave (obviamente adicionado anteriormente ao slot com o comando \u2014 cryptsetup luksAddKey), ou em raras exce\u00e7\u00f5es (na internet de l\u00edngua russa h\u00e1 informa\u00e7\u00f5es muito escassas) \u2014 o script decrypt_derived, localizado em \/lib\/cryptsetup\/script\/ (claro, existem outros m\u00e9todos, mas usei exatamente esses dois, que serviram como base para o artigo). Tamb\u00e9m busquei a ativa\u00e7\u00e3o completa e aut\u00f4noma ap\u00f3s reinicializa\u00e7\u00f5es, sem quaisquer comandos adicionais no console, para que tudo 'subisse' de uma vez. Ent\u00e3o, por que esperar? \u2014 <\/p>\n

Vamos come\u00e7ar!<\/p>\n

Suponhamos um sistema, por exemplo, Debian, instalado na parti\u00e7\u00e3o criptografada sda3_crypt e uma dezena de discos prontos para criptografia e cria\u00e7\u00e3o do que desejar. Temos uma frase-chave (passphrase) para desbloquear sda3_crypt e \u00e9 desta parti\u00e7\u00e3o que iremos extrair o \"hash\" da senha em um sistema iniciado (descriptografado) e adicionar nos demais discos. Tudo \u00e9 simples, execute no console:<\/p>\n

\/lib\/cryptsetup\/scripts\/decrypt_derived sda3_crypt | cryptsetup luksFormat \/dev\/sdX<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nonde X \u00e9 nossos discos, parti\u00e7\u00f5es, etc.<\/p>\n
Ap\u00f3s criptografar os discos com o \"hash\" da nossa frase-chave, \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio descobrir o UUID ou ID \u2014 dependendo do que cada um est\u00e1 acostumado. Vamos obter os dados de \/dev\/disk\/by-uuid e by-id, respectivamente.<\/p>\n
A pr\u00f3xima etapa \u00e9 preparar arquivos e mini-scripts para executar as fun\u00e7\u00f5es necess\u00e1rias, vamos come\u00e7ar:<\/p>\n
cp -p \/usr\/share\/initramfs-tools\/hooks\/cryptroot \/etc\/initramfs-tools\/hooks\/\ncp -p \/usr\/share\/initramfs-tools\/scripts\/local-top\/cryptroot \/etc\/initramfs-tools\/scripts\/local-top\/<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nem seguida<\/p>\n
touch \/etc\/initramfs-tools\/hooks\/decrypt && chmod +x \/etc\/initramfs-tools\/hooks\/decrypt<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nConte\u00fado ....\/decrypt<\/b><\/p>\n
#!\/bin\/sh\n\ncp -p \/lib\/cryptsetup\/scripts\/decrypt_derived \"$DESTDIR\/bin\/decrypt_derived\"<\/code><\/pre>\n
em seguida<\/p>\n
touch \/etc\/initramfs-tools\/hooks\/partcopy && chmod +x \/etc\/initramfs-tools\/hooks\/partcopy<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nConte\u00fado ....\/partcopy<\/b><\/p>\n
#!\/bin\/sh\n\ncp -p \/sbin\/partprobe \"$DESTDIR\/bin\/partprobe\"\ncp -p \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libparted.so.2 \"$DESTDIR\/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libparted.so.2\"\ncp -p \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libreadline.so.7 \"$DESTDIR\/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libreadline.so.7\"<\/code><\/pre>\n
mais um pouco<\/p>\n
touch \/etc\/initramfs-tools\/scripts\/local-bottom\/partprobe && chmod +x \/etc\/initramfs-tools\/scripts\/local-bottom\/partprobe<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nConte\u00fado ....\/partprobe<\/b><\/p>\n
#!\/bin\/sh\n\n$DESTDIR\/bin\/partprobe<\/code><\/pre>\n
e por \u00faltimo, antes do update-initramfs, precisamos editar o arquivo \/etc\/initramfs-tools\/scripts\/local-top\/cryptroot, a partir da linha ~360, o trecho de c\u00f3digo abaixo<\/p>\n
Original<\/b><\/p>\n
\n                # decrease $count by 1, apparently last try was successful.\n                count=$(( $count - 1 ))\n                \n                message \"cryptsetup ($crypttarget): set up successfully\"\n                break\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
e o transformamos nesse formato<\/p>\n
Editado<\/b><\/p>\n
\n                # decrease $count by 1, apparently last try was successful.\n                count=$(( $count - 1 ))\n                \n\n                \/bin\/decrypt_derived $crypttarget | cryptsetup luksOpen \/dev\/disk\/by-uuid\/ *CRYPT_MAP*\n                \/bin\/decrypt_derived $crypttarget | cryptsetup luksOpen \/dev\/disk\/by-id\/ *CRYPT_MAP*\n\n                message \"cryptsetup ($crypttarget): set up successfully\"\n                break<\/code><\/pre>\n
Note que aqui podemos usar tanto UUID quanto ID. O importante \u00e9 que os drivers necess\u00e1rios para os dispositivos HDD\/SSD estejam adicionados em \/etc\/initramfs-tools\/modules. Para saber qual driver est\u00e1 em uso, utilize o comando udevadm info -a -n \/dev\/sdX | egrep 'looking|DRIVER'<\/i>.<\/p>\n
Agora que terminamos e todos os arquivos est\u00e3o no lugar, vamos executar update-initramfs -u -k all -v<\/i>, no log n\u00e3o deve haver<\/b> erros na execu\u00e7\u00e3o de nossos scripts. Reiniciamos, inserimos a frase-chave e esperamos um pouco, dependendo da quantidade de discos. Em seguida, o sistema ser\u00e1 iniciado e na fase final de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o, ou seja, ap\u00f3s o \"montagem\" da parti\u00e7\u00e3o root, o comando partprobe ser\u00e1 executado \u2014 ele localizar\u00e1 e conectar\u00e1 todas as parti\u00e7\u00f5es criadas em dispositivos LUKS e quaisquer arrays, sejam ZFS ou mdadm, se conectar\u00e3o sem problemas! E tudo isso antes do carregamento<\/b> dos principais servi\u00e7os e aplica\u00e7\u00f5es que necessitam desses discos\/arrays.<\/p>\n
update1<\/b>: Como notou<\/a><\/noindex> AEP<\/a><\/noindex>, este m\u00e9todo funciona apenas para LUKS1.
\n
Fonte: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0412\u0441\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043d\u044f, \u043d\u043e\u0447\u0438! \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043d \u0442\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 LUKS \u0438 \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c decrypt\u0434\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434 Linux (Debian, Ubuntu) \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 root \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430. \u0418 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u044f \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433. \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043a\u0430\u0445, \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-35652","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Desbloqueio do cont\u00eainer LUKS durante a inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema | ProHoster","description":"A todos um bom dia, boa noite! 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