{"id":36378,"date":"2019-10-31T22:11:20","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:11:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/napisanie-programmnogo-obespecheniya-s-funktsionalom-klient-servernyh-utilit-windows-part-01\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:11:20","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:11:20","slug":"napisanie-programmnogo-obespecheniya-s-funktsionalom-klient-servernyh-utilit-windows-part-01","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/administrirovanie\/napisanie-programmnogo-obespecheniya-s-funktsionalom-klient-servernyh-utilit-windows-part-01","title":{"rendered":"Desenvolvimento de software com funcionalidades de utilit\u00e1rios cliente-servidor Windows, parte 01","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Sauda\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/p>\n<p>Hoje, gostar\u00edamos de discutir o processo de cria\u00e7\u00e3o de aplicativos cliente-servidor que desempenham fun\u00e7\u00f5es das utilidades padr\u00e3o do Windows, como Telnet, TFTP, etc., em Java puro. \u00c9 claro que n\u00e3o trarei nada de novo \u2014 todas essas utilidades j\u00e1 funcionam com sucesso h\u00e1 muitos anos, mas acredito que n\u00e3o todos conhecem o que acontece nos bastidores.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9 exatamente sobre isso que vamos falar abaixo. <br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\nNeste artigo, para n\u00e3o torn\u00e1-lo muito longo, al\u00e9m de informa\u00e7\u00f5es gerais, falarei apenas sobre o servidor Telnet, mas atualmente h\u00e1 material sobre outras utilidades \u2014 isso ser\u00e1 apresentado em partes futuras do ciclo.<\/p>\n<p>Antes de tudo, precisamos entender o que \u00e9 o Telnet, para que serve e como funciona. N\u00e3o irei citar fontes literalmente (se necess\u00e1rio \u2014 no final do artigo incluirei links para materiais sobre o t\u00f3pico), apenas direi que o Telnet fornece acesso remoto ao prompt de comando de um dispositivo. Em ess\u00eancia, essa \u00e9 a sua funcionalidade principal (eu me omiti de mencionar o acesso \u00e0 porta do servidor intencionalmente, falarei sobre isso mais tarde). Portanto, para a sua implementa\u00e7\u00e3o, precisamos receber uma linha no cliente, transmiti-la para o servidor, tentar passar para o prompt de comando, ler a resposta do prompt de comando, se existir, envi\u00e1-la de volta ao cliente e exibi-la na tela ou, em caso de erro, informar ao usu\u00e1rio que algo est\u00e1 errado.<\/p>\n<p>Para a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o acima, precisamos, portanto, de 2 classes operacionais e de uma classe de teste a partir da qual iniciaremos o servidor e pela qual o cliente funcionar\u00e1.<br \/>\nAtualmente, a estrutura do aplicativo inclui:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>TelnetClient<\/li>\n<li>TelnetClientTester<\/li>\n<li>TelnetServer<\/li>\n<li>TelnetServerTester<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nVamos dar uma olhada em cada um deles:<\/p>\n<p><b>TelnetClient<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Tudo que essa classe deve fazer \u2014 \u00e9 enviar os comandos recebidos e mostrar as respostas recebidas. Al\u00e9m disso, deve ser capaz de se conectar a qualquer porta (como mencionei anteriormente) de um dispositivo remoto e desconectar-se dela.<\/p>\n<p>Para isso, foram implementadas as seguintes fun\u00e7\u00f5es:<\/p>\n<p>Uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o que aceita como argumento o endere\u00e7o do socket, abre a conex\u00e3o e inicia os fluxos de entrada e sa\u00edda (as vari\u00e1veis do fluxo est\u00e3o declaradas acima, o c\u00f3digo completo est\u00e1 no final do artigo).<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"java\"> public void run(String ip, int port)\n    {\n        try {\n            Socket socket = new Socket(ip, port);\n            InputStream sin = socket.getInputStream();\n            OutputStream sout = socket.getOutputStream();\n            Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);\n            reader = new Thread(() -&gt; read(keyboard, sout));\n            writer = new Thread(() -&gt; write(sin));\n            reader.start();\n            writer.start();\n        }\n        catch (Exception e) {\n            System.out.println(e.getMessage());\n        }\n    }\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nSobrecarga da mesma fun\u00e7\u00e3o, conectando-se \u00e0 porta padr\u00e3o \u2014 para Telnet \u00e9 23<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"java\">\n    public void run(String ip)\n    {\n        run(ip, 23);\n    }\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nA fun\u00e7\u00e3o l\u00ea caracteres do teclado e os envia para o socket de sa\u00edda \u2014 o que \u00e9 caracter\u00edstico, no modo de linha, e n\u00e3o no modo de caractere:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"java\">\n    private void read(Scanner keyboard, OutputStream sout)\n    {\n        try {\n            String input = new String();\n            while (true) {\n                input = keyboard.nextLine();\n                for (char i : (input + \" n\").toCharArray())\n                    sout.write(i);\n            }\n        }\n        catch (Exception e) {\n            System.out.println(e.getMessage());\n        }\n    }\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nA fun\u00e7\u00e3o recebe dados do socket e os exibe na tela<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"java\">\n    private void write(InputStream sin)\n    {\n        try {\n            int tmp;\n            while (true){\n                tmp = sin.read();\n                System.out.print((char)tmp);\n            }\n        }\n        catch (Exception e) {\n            System.out.println(e.getMessage());\n        }\n    }\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nA fun\u00e7\u00e3o interrompe a recep\u00e7\u00e3o e a transmiss\u00e3o de dados<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"java\">\n    public void stop()\n    {\n        reader.stop();\n        writer.stop();\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\n<b>TelnetServer<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Esta classe deve ter a funcionalidade de aceitar comandos do socket, envi\u00e1-los para execu\u00e7\u00e3o e enviar a resposta do comando de volta ao socket. O programa n\u00e3o verifica intencionalmente a entrada, porque em primeiro lugar, no 'Telnet de caixa' h\u00e1 a possibilidade de formatar o disco do servidor, e em segundo lugar, a quest\u00e3o da seguran\u00e7a foi deixada de lado neste artigo, e \u00e9 por isso que n\u00e3o h\u00e1 men\u00e7\u00e3o a criptografia ou SSL.<\/p>\n<p>Aqui est\u00e3o apenas 2 fun\u00e7\u00f5es (uma delas sobrecarregada), e no geral n\u00e3o \u00e9 uma pr\u00e1tica muito boa, mas no contexto dessa tarefa, achei apropriado deixar tudo como est\u00e1.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"java\"> boolean isRunning = true;\n    public void run(int port)    {\n\n        (new Thread(()-&gt;{ try {\n            ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(port); \/\/ cria um socket de servidor e vincula-o \u00e0 porta especificada\n            System.out.println(\"Port \" + port + \" est\u00e1 aguardando conex\u00f5es\");\n\n            Socket socket = ss.accept();\n            System.out.println(\"Conectado\");\n            System.out.println();\n\n            \/\/ Obt\u00e9m os fluxos de entrada e sa\u00edda do socket, agora podemos receber e enviar dados ao cliente.\n            InputStream sin = socket.getInputStream();\n            OutputStream sout = socket.getOutputStream();\n\n            Map env = System.getenv();\n            String wayToTemp = env.get(\"TEMP\") + \"tmp.txt\";\n            for (int i : (\"Connectednnr\".toCharArray()))\n                sout.write(i);\n            sout.flush();\n\n            String buffer = new String();\n            while (isRunning) {\n\n                int intReader = 0;\n                while ((char) intReader != 'n') {\n                    intReader = sin.read();\n                    buffer += (char) intReader;\n                }\n\n\n                final String inputToSubThread = \"cmd \/c \" + buffer.substring(0, buffer.length()-2) + \" 2&gt;&amp;1\";\n\n\n                new Thread(() -&gt; {\n                    try {\n\n                        Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(inputToSubThread);\n                        InputStream out = p.getInputStream();\n                        Scanner fromProcess = new Scanner(out);\n                        try {\n\n                            while (fromProcess.hasNextLine()) {\n                                String temp = fromProcess.nextLine();\n                                System.out.println(temp);\n                                for (char i : temp.toCharArray())\n                                    sout.write(i);\n                                sout.write('n');\n                                sout.write('r');\n                            }\n                        }\n                        catch (Exception e) {\n                            String output = \"Algo deu errado... C\u00f3digo de erro: \" + e.getStackTrace();\n                            System.out.println(output);\n                            for (char i : output.toCharArray())\n                                sout.write(i);\n                            sout.write('n');\n                            sout.write('r');\n                        }\n\n                        p.getErrorStream().close();\n                        p.getOutputStream().close();\n                        p.getInputStream().close();\n                        sout.flush();\n\n                    }\n                    catch (Exception e) {\n                        System.out.println(\"Erro: \" + e.getMessage());\n                    }\n                }).start();\n                System.out.println(buffer);\n                buffer = \"\";\n\n            }\n        }\n        catch(Exception x) {\n            System.out.println(x.getMessage());\n        }})).start();\n\n    }\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nO programa abre uma porta de servidor, l\u00ea os dados dela at\u00e9 encontrar o s\u00edmbolo de t\u00e9rmino do comando, envia o comando para um novo processo, e a sa\u00edda do processo \u00e9 redirecionada para o socket. \u00c9 t\u00e3o simples quanto uma metralhadora Kalashnikov.<\/p>\n<p>Consequentemente, existe uma sobrecarga para essa fun\u00e7\u00e3o com a porta padr\u00e3o:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"java\"> public void run()\n    {\n        run(23);\n    }<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nE, claro, a fun\u00e7\u00e3o que para o servidor tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 trivial; ela interrompe o loop infinito, quebrando sua condi\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"java\">    public void stop()\n    {\n        System.out.println(\"O servidor foi parado\");\n        this.isRunning = false;\n    }<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\nN\u00e3o vou apresentar classes de teste aqui, elas est\u00e3o abaixo \u2014 tudo o que fazem \u00e9 verificar a funcionalidade dos m\u00e9todos p\u00fablicos. Tudo est\u00e1 no Git.<\/p>\n<p>Resumindo, em algumas noites, voc\u00ea pode entender os princ\u00edpios de funcionamento das principais utilit\u00e1rios de console. Agora, quando fazemos Telnet para um computador remoto, entendemos o que est\u00e1 acontecendo \u2014 a m\u00e1gica desapareceu)<\/p>\n<p>Ent\u00e3o, os links:<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/Toxa-p07a1330\/Temviewer\">Todos os c\u00f3digos-fonte estavam, est\u00e3o e sempre estar\u00e3o aqui<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.extrahop.com\/resources\/protocols\/telnet\/\">Sobre Telnet<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lifewire.com\/what-does-telnet-do-2483642\">Mais sobre Telnet<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\n<br \/>Fonte: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/post\/460569\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0431\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442 Windows, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e Telnet, TFTP, et cetera, et cetera \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 Jav\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044f \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0441\u0443 \u2014 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0433\u043e\u0434, \u043d\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0443 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435. \u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - 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