{"id":36905,"date":"2019-10-31T22:14:38","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:14:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/opublikovan-plan-razvitiya-funktsionalnosti-qt-6\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:14:38","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:14:38","slug":"opublikovan-plan-razvitiya-funktsionalnosti-qt-6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/opublikovan-plan-razvitiya-funktsionalnosti-qt-6","title":{"rendered":"O plano de desenvolvimento da funcionalidade do Qt 6 foi publicado","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Lars Knoll, criador do motor KHTML, l\u00edder do projeto Qt Project e diretor t\u00e9cnico da Qt Company, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.qt.io\/blog\/2019\/08\/07\/technical-vision-qt-6\/\">contou<\/a><\/noindex> sobre os planos para criar o pr\u00f3ximo ramo significativo do framework Qt. Ap\u00f3s a conclus\u00e3o da forma\u00e7\u00e3o da funcionalidade do ramo Qt 5.14, o desenvolvimento ser\u00e1 focado na prepara\u00e7\u00e3o do lan\u00e7amento do Qt 6, que \u00e9 esperado para o final de 2020. <\/p>\n<p>O Qt 6 ser\u00e1 desenvolvido com aten\u00e7\u00e3o para garantir compatibilidade com o Qt 5, mas n\u00e3o se exclui o surgimento de alguns problemas, uma vez que as mudan\u00e7as de arquitetura previstas e a limpeza n\u00e3o poder\u00e3o ser implementadas sem a perda de um certo n\u00edvel de compatibilidade. Para suavizar a transi\u00e7\u00e3o, algumas funcionalidades do Qt 6 est\u00e3o previstas para serem inclu\u00eddas de forma reduzida nas vers\u00f5es Qt 5.14 e Qt 5.15 LTS. Tamb\u00e9m ser\u00e1 preparado um conjunto de ferramentas para simplificar a migra\u00e7\u00e3o para o Qt 6. <\/p>\n<p>Entre os principais objetivos para o pr\u00f3ximo ramo significativo est\u00e3o a compatibiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da funcionalidade com os requisitos de 2020, a limpeza da base de c\u00f3digo e a simplifica\u00e7\u00e3o do suporte ao projeto. Mudan\u00e7as esperadas:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Moderniza\u00e7\u00e3o significativa do QML:\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Suporte \u00e0 tipagem forte.\n<li class=\"l\"> Possibilidade de compilar QML em apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o em C++ e c\u00f3digo de m\u00e1quina.\n<li class=\"l\"> Transfer\u00eancia do total suporte ao JavaScript para op\u00e7\u00f5es (o uso de um motor JavaScript completo exige muitos recursos, o que impede o uso de QML em hardware como microcontroladores).\n<li class=\"l\"> Abandono da versiona\u00e7\u00e3o no QML.\n<li class=\"l\"> Unifica\u00e7\u00e3o de estruturas de dados duplicadas em QObject e QML (permite reduzir o consumo de mem\u00f3ria e acelerar a inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o).\n<li class=\"l\"> Elimina\u00e7\u00e3o da gera\u00e7\u00e3o de estruturas de dados em tempo de execu\u00e7\u00e3o em favor da gera\u00e7\u00e3o em tempo de compila\u00e7\u00e3o.\n<li class=\"l\"> Oculta\u00e7\u00e3o de componentes internos atrav\u00e9s do uso de m\u00e9todos e propriedades privadas.\n<li class=\"l\"> Integra\u00e7\u00e3o aprimorada com ferramentas de desenvolvimento para refatora\u00e7\u00e3o e diagn\u00f3stico de erros durante a compila\u00e7\u00e3o;\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Adi\u00e7\u00e3o de uma nova camada abstrata de Rendering Hardware Interface (RHI) para garantir o uso sem costura de v\u00e1rias APIs gr\u00e1ficas, incluindo OpenGL, Vulkan, Metal e Direct 3D (anteriormente, o Qt estava ligado apenas ao OpenGL). Toda a infraestrutura de renderiza\u00e7\u00e3o existente ser\u00e1 convertida para usar RHI, incluindo QPainter, Qt Quick Scenegraph e Qt3D. Tamb\u00e9m est\u00e1 previsto adicionar o m\u00f3dulo Qt Shader Tools para suporte a v\u00e1rias linguagens de desenvolvimento de shaders e garantir a compila\u00e7\u00e3o cruzada de shaders tanto na fase de constru\u00e7\u00e3o quanto durante a execu\u00e7\u00e3o do programa;\n<li class=\"l\"> Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o de uma API unificada para criar interfaces de usu\u00e1rio que combinam elementos gr\u00e1ficos 2D e 3D. A nova API permitir\u00e1 o uso de QML para definir elementos 3D das interfaces sem a necessidade de um formato UIP. Na nova interface para a integra\u00e7\u00e3o de conte\u00fado 3D com Qt Quick, planejam resolver problemas como grandes custos operacionais na integra\u00e7\u00e3o do QML com conte\u00fado do Qt 3D ou 3D Studio e a impossibilidade de sincronizar anima\u00e7\u00f5es e transforma\u00e7\u00f5es em n\u00edvel de quadros entre 2D e 3D. A renderiza\u00e7\u00e3o conjunta embutida de 2D e 3D ser\u00e1 realizada por meio de um novo mecanismo de renderiza\u00e7\u00e3o. A pr\u00e9-implementa\u00e7\u00e3o do novo Qt Quick com suporte a 3D \u00e9 esperada para o lan\u00e7amento do Qt 5.14;\n<li class=\"l\"> Adi\u00e7\u00e3o de ferramentas para processar recursos gr\u00e1ficos na fase de compila\u00e7\u00e3o, por exemplo, para converter imagens PNG em texturas compactadas ou para converter shaders e malhas em formatos bin\u00e1rios otimizados para hardware espec\u00edfico;\n<li class=\"l\"> Incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o de um mecanismo unificado para temas e estilos, permitindo que a apar\u00eancia de aplicativos baseados em Qt Widgets e Qt Quick seja nativa para diferentes plataformas m\u00f3veis e de desktop;\n<li class=\"l\"> Unifica\u00e7\u00e3o de ferramentas para cria\u00e7\u00e3o de interfaces de usu\u00e1rio. Para evitar a duplica\u00e7\u00e3o de funcionalidades e interromper a oferta de dois produtos separados, espera-se a integra\u00e7\u00e3o da funcionalidade do Qt 3D Studio no Qt Design Studio, cujas muitas subsistemas e estrutura de conex\u00e3o de plugins s\u00e3o constru\u00eddos sobre uma base de c\u00f3digo comum com o Qt Creator.<br \/>\nNo Qt Design Studio, tamb\u00e9m planejam proporcionar uma integra\u00e7\u00e3o de qualidade com pacotes de cria\u00e7\u00e3o de conte\u00fado, como Photoshop, Sketch, Illustrator, Maya e 3D Max. As principais linguagens suportadas na ferramenta unificada de desenvolvimento incluem C++, QML e Python. A unifica\u00e7\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m implica na possibilidade de acesso, a partir do Qt Creator, aos recursos de design de interfaces, bem como fornecer aos designers de interface capacidades das ferramentas para desenvolvedores, como compila\u00e7\u00e3o de projetos ou testes de aplicativos em dispositivos;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> Foi decidido usar CMake como sistema de build em vez de QMake. O suporte para compilar aplicativos usando QMake ser\u00e1 mantido, mas o pr\u00f3prio Qt ser\u00e1 compilado usando CMake. CMake foi escolhido porque esta ferramenta se tornou amplamente popular entre desenvolvedores de projetos em C++ e \u00e9 suportada em muitos ambientes de desenvolvimento integrados. O desenvolvimento do sistema de build Qbs, que pretendia ser uma alternativa ao QMake, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=49519\">encerrado<\/a><\/noindex>;\n<li class=\"l\"> A transi\u00e7\u00e3o durante o desenvolvimento para o padr\u00e3o C++17 (anteriormente utilizava-se C++98). No Qt 6, planejam-se implementar muitos recursos modernos do C++, mas sem perder a compatibilidade retroativa com c\u00f3digo baseado em padr\u00f5es anteriores.\n<li class=\"l\"> A possibilidade de usar algumas funcionalidades do C++ oferecidas para QML e Qt Quick. Al\u00e9m disso, ser\u00e1 apresentada um novo sistema de propriedades para QObject e classes semelhantes. Um mecanismo para trabalhar com bindings ser\u00e1 integrado do QML ao n\u00facleo do Qt, o que permitir\u00e1 reduzir a carga e o consumo de mem\u00f3ria para bindings e torn\u00e1-los acess\u00edveis a todas as partes do Qt, e n\u00e3o apenas ao Qt Quick;\n<li class=\"l\"> Continua\u00e7\u00e3o dos esfor\u00e7os para expandir o suporte a linguagens adicionais, como Python e WebAssembly;\n<li class=\"l\"> Reestrutura\u00e7\u00e3o com divis\u00e3o em componentes menores e redu\u00e7\u00e3o do tamanho do produto base. Ferramentas para desenvolvedores e componentes especializados ser\u00e3o fornecidos como complementos, distribu\u00eddos atrav\u00e9s de um novo cat\u00e1logo de loja. Complementos para Qt de desenvolvedores terceiros, tanto gratuitos quanto pagos, tamb\u00e9m ser\u00e3o aceitos para distribui\u00e7\u00e3o.\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Fonte: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51238\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041b\u0430\u0440\u0441 \u041a\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043b (Lars Knoll), \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 KHTML, \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Qt Project \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Qt Company, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b \u043e \u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 Qt. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 Qt 5.14 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0444\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 Qt 6, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. 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