{"id":37407,"date":"2019-10-31T22:17:29","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:17:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/esp8266-upravlenie-cherez-internet-po-protokolu-mqtt\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:17:29","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:17:29","slug":"esp8266-upravlenie-cherez-internet-po-protokolu-mqtt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/administrirovanie\/esp8266-upravlenie-cherez-internet-po-protokolu-mqtt","title":{"rendered":"Controle do Esp8266 pela internet usando o protocolo MQTT","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Controle
\n Ol\u00e1 a todos! Neste artigo, falaremos em detalhes e mostraremos como configurar o controle remoto do m\u00f3dulo esp8266 em apenas 20 minutos de tempo livre usando um aplicativo Android com o protocolo MQTT.<\/p>\n

A ideia de controle remoto e monitoramento sempre fascinou os entusiastas de eletr\u00f4nica e programa\u00e7\u00e3o. A possibilidade de obter ou enviar dados a qualquer momento, independentemente da localiza\u00e7\u00e3o, oferece amplas oportunidades. Em meus artigos anteriores ( Artigo 1<\/a><\/noindex> e Artigo 2<\/a><\/noindex>) eu tentei discutir algumas op\u00e7\u00f5es acess\u00edveis e relativamente simples para a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o do controle remoto de microcontroladores pela internet. No entanto, o tempo e o mundo n\u00e3o param \u2013 o progresso continua seu movimento implac\u00e1vel para frente. Nesse curto per\u00edodo, o m\u00f3dulo esp8266 ganhou ampla popularidade gra\u00e7as ao seu baixo custo e Wi-Fi embutido, tornando-se um dos componentes principais da \"Casa Inteligente\".
\n<\/a><\/noindex>
\nAtualmente, o MQTT \u00e9 o protocolo de transmiss\u00e3o de dados mais avan\u00e7ado e popular entre dispositivos em sistemas de \"Casa Inteligente\". Ele possui uma s\u00e9rie de vantagens em rela\u00e7\u00e3o a outros protocolos:
\n \u2014 baixo consumo de tr\u00e1fego;
\n \u2014 a conex\u00e3o entre cliente e servidor est\u00e1 sempre aberta;
\n \u2014 n\u00e3o sobrecarrega a banda de internet;
\n \u2014 aus\u00eancia de atrasos na transmiss\u00e3o de dados;
\n \u2014 sistema de assinaturas conveniente para t\u00f3picos;
\n Tudo isso possibilita o monitoramento e controle em tempo real. No entanto, o MQTT requer um servidor pr\u00f3prio, que atua como mediador entre os clientes da rede. Aqui, h\u00e1 duas op\u00e7\u00f5es: criar seu pr\u00f3prio servidor ou usar servi\u00e7os de terceiros.<\/p>\n

O sistema de controle descrito consiste em duas partes principais: um servidor MQTT (que geralmente \u00e9 \u00fanico) e v\u00e1rios clientes, que podem ser muitos. No nosso caso, o aplicativo Android e o m\u00f3dulo esp8266 atuar\u00e3o como clientes.<\/p>\n

O algoritmo de funcionamento do sistema \u00e9 o seguinte. Os clientes se conectam ao servidor e, logo ap\u00f3s a conex\u00e3o, cada um deles se inscreve nos t\u00f3picos que lhe interessam. Toda a comunica\u00e7\u00e3o entre os clientes passa pelo servidor, que redireciona dados para outros clientes com base em suas assinaturas.<\/p>\n

Servidor MQTT. <\/b><\/p>\n

Neste caso, vamos utilizar um servi\u00e7o extremamente conveniente www.cloudmqtt.com<\/a><\/noindex> que possui um plano gratuito (Cute Cat), que atende totalmente \u00e0s necessidades para a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de um pequeno sistema de \"casa inteligente.\"
\n\"Controle
\n Vamos nos registrar no site e obter os dados necess\u00e1rios para acessar o servidor. Ao configurar os clientes, \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio usar uma porta comum (sem SSL e TLS).
\n\"Controle
\n
\nAplicativo para Android.<\/b><\/p>\n

Nosso aplicativo servir\u00e1 como controle remoto para o microcontrolador e tamb\u00e9m receber\u00e1 e exibir\u00e1 todas as informa\u00e7\u00f5es recebidas do esp8266.<\/p>\n

O aplicativo se chama IoT MQTT Dashboard<\/a><\/noindex> e \u00e9 um cliente mqtt pronto com poucos widgets muito \u00fateis. Mais detalhes sobre o funcionamento do aplicativo podem ser vistos em um v\u00eddeo.<\/p>\n

Esp8266.<\/b><\/p>\n

O m\u00f3dulo \u00e9 programado no ambiente de programa\u00e7\u00e3o Arduino, mas quero ressaltar que o m\u00f3dulo possui problemas de flash nas vers\u00f5es mais recentes do Arduino, portanto, recomendo usar a vers\u00e3o 1.6.4.
\nComo exemplo, um LED (pino 5) e um sensor de temperatura ds18b20 (pino 2) est\u00e3o conectados ao esp8266.
\nComo \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio receber dados para controlar o LED, o esp deve se inscrever no t\u00f3pico correspondente \"test\/led\" ap\u00f3s a conex\u00e3o; caso contr\u00e1rio, todos os dados enviados passar\u00e3o despercebidos pelo nosso microcontrolador.
\nPara enviar os dados da temperatura, a inscri\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o \u00e9 necess\u00e1ria, mas ao transmitir os valores da temperatura, \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio indicar o t\u00f3pico para onde esses dados v\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

Abaixo, est\u00e1 o esbo\u00e7o com coment\u00e1rios detalhados.<\/p>\n

Esbo\u00e7o Esp8266_mqtt.ino<\/b>\/\/ \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u043a\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043a 5 \u043f\u0438\u043d\u0443
\n\/\/ \u0414\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b ds18b20 \u043a 2 \u043f\u0438\u043d\u0443<\/p>\n

#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
\n#include <PubSubClient.h>
\n#include <OneWire.h>
\n#include <DallasTemperature.h><\/p>\n

#define ONE_WIRE_BUS 2
\nOneWire oneWire(ONE_WIRE_BUS);
\nDallasTemperature sensores(&oneWire);<\/p>\n

const char *ssid = \"AIRPORT\"; \/\/ Nome do ponto de acesso WiFi
\nconst char *pass = \"PASSWORD\"; \/\/ Senha do ponto de acesso<\/p>\n

const char *mqtt_server = \"server\"; \/\/ Nome do servidor MQTT
\nconst int mqtt_port = 11140; \/\/ Porta para conex\u00e3o ao servidor MQTT
\nconst char *mqtt_user = \"Login\"; \/\/ Logins do servidor
\nconst char *mqtt_pass = \"Pass\"; \/\/ Senha do servidor<\/p>\n

#define BUFFER_SIZE 100<\/p>\n

bool LedState = false;
\nint tm=300;
\nfloat temp=0;<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430<\/p>\n

void callback(const MQTT::Publish& pub)
\n{
\n Serial.print(pub.topic()); \/\/ exibindo no console serial o nome do t\u00f3pico
\n Serial.print(\" => \");
\n Serial.print(pub.payload_string()); \/\/ exibindo no console serial o valor dos dados recebidos<\/p>\n

String payload = pub.payload_string();<\/p>\n

if(String(pub.topic()) == \"test\/led\") \/\/ checamos se os dados vieram do t\u00f3pico correto
\n {
\n int stled = payload.toInt(); \/\/ convertendo os dados recebidos para o tipo inteiro
\n digitalWrite(5,stled); \/\/ ligando ou desligando o LED dependendo dos valores recebidos
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n

WiFiClient wclient;
\nPubSubClient client(wclient, mqtt_server, mqtt_port);<\/p>\n

void setup() {<\/p>\n

sensors.begin();
\n Serial.begin(115200);
\n delay(10);
\n Serial.println();
\n Serial.println();
\n pinMode(5, OUTPUT);
\n}<\/p>\n

void loop() {
\n \/\/ \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u043a wi-fi
\n if (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
\n Serial.print(\"Conectando a \");
\n Serial.print(ssid);
\n Serial.println(\"...\");
\n WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);<\/p>\n

if (WiFi.waitForConnectResult() != WL_CONNECTED)
\n return;
\n Serial.println(\"WiFi conectado\");
\n }<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u043a MQTT \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443
\n if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED) {
\n if (!client.connected()) {
\n Serial.println(\"Conectando ao servidor MQTT\");
\n if (client.connect(MQTT::Connect(\"arduinoClient2\")
\n .set_auth(mqtt_user, mqtt_pass))) {
\n Serial.println(\"Conectado ao servidor MQTT\");
\n client.set_callback(callback);
\n client.subscribe(\"test\/led\"); \/\/ nos inscrevemos no t\u00f3pico com os dados do LED
\n } else {
\n Serial.println(\"N\u00e3o foi poss\u00edvel conectar ao servidor MQTT\");
\n }
\n }<\/p>\n

if (client.connected()){
\n client.loop();
\n TempSend();
\n }<\/p>\n

}
\n} \/\/ fim do ciclo principal<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430
\nvoid TempSend(){
\n if (tm==0)
\n {
\n sensors.requestTemperatures(); \/\/ obtemos o valor da temperatura do sensor
\n float temp = sensors.getTempCByIndex(0);
\n client.publish(\"test\/temp\",String(temp)); \/\/ enviamos o valor da temperatura para o t\u00f3pico do sensor de temperatura
\n Serial.println(temp);
\n tm = 300; \/\/ pausa entre o envio de valores de temperatura de cerca de 3 segundos
\n }
\n tm--;
\n delay(10);
\n}
\n<\/code><\/p>\n

\nComo resultado, obtemos uma ferramenta conveniente para controle remoto e monitoramento de dados, que \u00e9 bastante simples de aprender e acess\u00edvel at\u00e9 para iniciantes.<\/p>\n

V\u00eddeo demonstrando o funcionamento do sistema de controle<\/b>
\n

\r\n \"Por\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

Instru\u00e7\u00e3o em v\u00eddeo detalhada sobre como configurar o sistema<\/b>
\n

\r\n \"Por\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

Uma das op\u00e7\u00f5es de uso do controle ESP8266 atrav\u00e9s do protocolo MQTT<\/b>
\n

\r\n \"Por\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

Controle de fita LED pela internet<\/b>
\n

\r\n \"Por\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n

Se voc\u00ea tiver d\u00favidas sobre este material, recomendo assistir \u00e0 segunda parte do v\u00eddeo, onde o conte\u00fado \u00e9 apresentado de forma mais visual.<\/p>\n

O arquivo cont\u00e9m o sketch e todas as bibliotecas necess\u00e1rias para programar o microcontrolador com o exemplo.
\nRessalto que a biblioteca ESP8266WiFi.h n\u00e3o est\u00e1 inclu\u00edda neste arquivo, ela deve ser instalada atrav\u00e9s do gerenciador de placas no ambiente Arduino.<\/p>\n

ARQUIVO<\/b><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Servidor MQTT \u2014 www.cloudmqtt.com<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Link para o aplicativo IoT MQTT Dashboard \u2014 play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.thn.iotmqttdashboard&hl=pt<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Agrade\u00e7o a todos pela aten\u00e7\u00e3o.
\n
Fonte: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":28068,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37407","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Controle Esp8266 pela internet atrav\u00e9s do protocolo MQTT | ProHoster","description":"Ol\u00e1 a 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