{"id":37428,"date":"2019-10-31T22:17:35","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:17:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/ibm-google-microsoft-i-intel-obrazovali-alyans-dlya-razvitiya-otkrytyh-tehnologij-zashhity-dannyh\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:17:35","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:17:35","slug":"ibm-google-microsoft-i-intel-obrazovali-alyans-dlya-razvitiya-otkrytyh-tehnologij-zashhity-dannyh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/ibm-google-microsoft-i-intel-obrazovali-alyans-dlya-razvitiya-otkrytyh-tehnologij-zashhity-dannyh","title":{"rendered":"IBM, Google, Microsoft e Intel formaram uma alian\u00e7a para desenvolver tecnologias abertas de prote\u00e7\u00e3o de dados","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A organiza\u00e7\u00e3o Linux Foundation <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linuxfoundation.org\/press-release\/2019\/08\/new-cross-industry-effort-to-advance-computational-trust-and-security-for-next-generation-cloud-and-edge-computing\/\">anunciou<\/a><\/noindex> sobre a cria\u00e7\u00e3o do cons\u00f3rcio <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/confidentialcomputing.io\/\">Cons\u00f3rcio de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o Confidencial<\/a><\/noindex>, focado no desenvolvimento de tecnologias e padr\u00f5es abertos relacionados ao processamento seguro de dados na mem\u00f3ria e computa\u00e7\u00f5es confidenciais. J\u00e1 se uniram ao projeto empresas como Alibaba, Arm, Baidu, Google, IBM, Intel, Tencent e Microsoft, que pretendem desenvolver tecnologias para a prote\u00e7\u00e3o dos dados na mem\u00f3ria durante os c\u00e1lculos em uma plataforma neutra.<\/p>\n<p> O objetivo final \u00e9 fornecer ferramentas para sustentar todo o ciclo de processamento de dados em formato criptografado, sem que as informa\u00e7\u00f5es estejam em forma aberta em etapas distintas. As tecnologias de interesse do cons\u00f3rcio incluem principalmente aquelas relacionadas ao uso de dados criptografados durante os c\u00e1lculos, ou seja, a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de enclaves isolados, protocolos para <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50915\">c\u00e1lculos multipartid\u00e1rios<\/a><\/noindex>, manipula\u00e7\u00e3o de dados criptografados na mem\u00f3ria e total isolamento dos dados na mem\u00f3ria (por exemplo, para evitar que o administrador do sistema host acesse os dados na mem\u00f3ria dos sistemas convidados).<\/p>\n<p>Para desenvolvimento independente, os seguintes projetos foram transferidos para o Cons\u00f3rcio de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o Confidencial:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> A Intel transferiu para continua\u00e7\u00e3o do desenvolvimento conjunto <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=44667\">componentes previamente abertos<\/a><\/noindex><br \/>\npara o uso da tecnologia <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/01.org\/intel-softwareguard-extensions\">SGX<\/a><\/noindex> (Software Guard Extensions) no Linux, incluindo um SDK com um conjunto de ferramentas e bibliotecas. O SGX oferece um conjunto de instru\u00e7\u00f5es de processador especiais para isolar aplicativos de n\u00edvel de usu\u00e1rio em \u00e1reas de mem\u00f3ria criptografada que n\u00e3o podem ser lidas ou alteradas nem mesmo pelo n\u00facleo e por c\u00f3digos executados em modos ring0, SMM e VMM;<\/p>\n<li class=\"l\">  A Microsoft transferiu o framework <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/openenclave.io\/sdk\/\">Open Enclav<\/a><\/noindex>, que permite criar aplicativos para diversas arquiteturas TEE (Ambiente de Execu\u00e7\u00e3o Confi\u00e1vel), utilizando uma \u00fanica API e uma representa\u00e7\u00e3o abstrata do enclave. Um aplicativo preparado com o Open Enclav pode ser executado em sistemas com diferentes implementa\u00e7\u00f5es de enclaves. Atualmente, apenas o Intel SGX \u00e9 suportado no TEE. O c\u00f3digo para suporte ao ARM TrustZone est\u00e1 em desenvolvimento. N\u00e3o h\u00e1 informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre o suporte <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=49760\">Keystone<\/a><\/noindex>, AMD PSP (Processador de Seguran\u00e7a da Plataforma) e AMD SEV (Virtualiza\u00e7\u00e3o Criptografada Segura).\n<li class=\"l\"> A Red Hat transferiu o projeto <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/enarx.io\/\">Enarx<\/a><\/noindex>, fornecendo uma camada de abstra\u00e7\u00e3o para criar aplicativos universais para serem executados em enclaves, suportando diferentes ambientes TEE, independentes de arquiteturas de hardware e permitindo a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de diferentes linguagens de programa\u00e7\u00e3o (usando um tempo de execu\u00e7\u00e3o baseado em WebAssembly). Atualmente, o projeto suporta as tecnologias AMD SEV e Intel SGX.\n<\/ul>\n<p>Entre os projetos semelhantes que passaram despercebidos, destaca-se o framework <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=48555\">Asylo<\/a><\/noindex>, que \u00e9 desenvolvido principalmente pelos engenheiros do Google, mas  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/google\/asylo\">n\u00e3o \u00e9<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e9 um produto oficialmente suportado pelo Google. O framework permite adaptar facilmente aplicativos para transferir parte da funcionalidade que requer maior prote\u00e7\u00e3o para o enclave seguro. Dos mecanismos de isolamento de hardware suportados, no Asylo apenas o Intel SGX \u00e9 suportado, mas tamb\u00e9m h\u00e1 um mecanismo de software para a forma\u00e7\u00e3o de enclaves baseado em virtualiza\u00e7\u00e3o. <\/p>\n<p>Vale lembrar que um enclave (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Trusted_execution_environment\">TEE<\/a><\/noindex>, Ambiente de Execu\u00e7\u00e3o Confi\u00e1vel) implica que o processador fornece uma \u00e1rea isolada especial que permite mover parte da funcionalidade de aplicativos e do sistema operacional para um ambiente separado, cujo conte\u00fado de mem\u00f3ria e c\u00f3digo execut\u00e1vel n\u00e3o s\u00e3o acess\u00edveis a partir do sistema principal, independentemente do n\u00edvel de privil\u00e9gios existentes. Para sua execu\u00e7\u00e3o, podem ser transferidas para o enclave implementa\u00e7\u00f5es de diferentes algoritmos de criptografia, fun\u00e7\u00f5es de processamento de chaves privadas e senhas, procedimentos de autentica\u00e7\u00e3o, c\u00f3digos para lidar com dados confidenciais. <\/p>\n<p>Em caso de comprometimento do sistema principal, o invasor n\u00e3o poder\u00e1 determinar as informa\u00e7\u00f5es armazenadas no enclave e ser\u00e1 limitado apenas \u00e0 interface de programa\u00e7\u00e3o externa. A utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o de enclaves de hardware pode ser considerada como uma alternativa ao uso de m\u00e9todos baseados em  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%84%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5\">criptografia homom\u00f3rfica<\/a><\/noindex> ou <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F\">protocolos de computa\u00e7\u00e3o confidencial<\/a><\/noindex>, mas ao contr\u00e1rio dessas tecnologias, o enclave tem um impacto praticamente nulo na performance dos c\u00e1lculos com dados confidenciais e simplifica significativamente o desenvolvimento.<\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Fonte: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51345\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f Linux Foundation \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431 \u0443\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0446\u0438\u0443\u043c\u0430 Confidential Computing Consortium, \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u041a \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a Alibaba, Arm, Baidu, Google, IBM, Intel, Tencent \u0438 Microsoft, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-37428","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f Linux Foundation\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link 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