{"id":38121,"date":"2019-10-31T22:21:46","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:21:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/v-chrome-78-nachnutsya-eksperimenty-s-vklyucheniem-dns-over-https\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:21:46","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:21:46","slug":"v-chrome-78-nachnutsya-eksperimenty-s-vklyucheniem-dns-over-https","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/v-chrome-78-nachnutsya-eksperimenty-s-vklyucheniem-dns-over-https","title":{"rendered":"O Chrome 78 come\u00e7ar\u00e1 a experimentar a inclus\u00e3o de DNS-over-HTTPS","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Seguindo Mozilla<\/a><\/noindex> empresa Google anunciou<\/a><\/noindex> sobre a inten\u00e7\u00e3o de realizar um experimento para testar a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de \"DNS sobre HTTPS\" (DoH) desenvolvida para o navegador Chrome. Na vers\u00e3o do Chrome 78, programada para 22 de outubro, algumas categorias de usu\u00e1rios ser\u00e3o habilitadas por padr\u00e3o. foram transferidas<\/a><\/noindex> de uso do DoH. No experimento de habilita\u00e7\u00e3o do DoH, participar\u00e3o apenas os usu\u00e1rios cujas configura\u00e7\u00f5es do sistema especificam determinados provedores de DNS reconhecidos como compat\u00edveis com o DoH. <\/p>\n

Na lista de provedores de DNS, est\u00e3o inclu\u00eddos servi\u00e7os<\/a><\/noindex> Google (8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4), Cloudflare (1.1.1.1, 1.0.0.1), OpenDNS (208.67.222.222, 208.67.220.220), Quad9 (9.9.9.9, 149.112.112.112), Cleanbrowsing (185.228.168.168, 185.228.169.168) e DNS.SB (185.222.222.222, 185.184.222.222). Se nas configura\u00e7\u00f5es de DNS do usu\u00e1rio estiver indicado um dos servidores de DNS mencionados, o DoH no Chrome ser\u00e1 ativado por padr\u00e3o. Para aqueles que utilizam servidores DNS fornecidos pelo provedor de internet local, tudo permanecer\u00e1 inalterado e as consultas de DNS continuar\u00e3o utilizando o resolvedor do sistema. <\/p>\n

Uma diferen\u00e7a importante em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 implementa\u00e7\u00e3o do DoH no Firefox, onde a habilita\u00e7\u00e3o gradual do DoH por padr\u00e3o come\u00e7ar\u00e1<\/a><\/noindex> j\u00e1 no final de setembro, \u00e9 a aus\u00eancia de um v\u00ednculo a um \u00fanico servi\u00e7o de DoH. Se no Firefox o servidor DNS padr\u00e3o \u00e9 o CloudFlare, no Chrome haver\u00e1 apenas uma atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o no m\u00e9todo de funcionamento com DNS para um servi\u00e7o equivalente, sem mudan\u00e7a de provedor de DNS. Por exemplo, se o usu\u00e1rio tem configurado o DNS 8.8.8.8 nas configura\u00e7\u00f5es do sistema, no Chrome ser\u00e1 \u00e9 utilizado<\/a><\/noindex> o servi\u00e7o DoH do Google ('https:\/\/dns.google.com\/dns-query'), se o DNS \u00e9 1.1.1.1, ent\u00e3o o servi\u00e7o DoH do Cloudflare ('https:\/\/cloudflare-dns.com\/dns-query'), e ativado<\/a><\/noindex> O servi\u00e7o DoH do Google (\"https:\/\/dns.google.com\/dns-query\"), se o DNS for 1.1.1.1, ent\u00e3o o servi\u00e7o DoH da Cloudflare (\"https:\/\/cloudflare-dns.com\/dns-query\") e etc.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Os usu\u00e1rios ter\u00e3o a op\u00e7\u00e3o de ativar ou desativar o DoH por meio da configura\u00e7\u00e3o \"chrome:\/\/flags\/#dns-over-https\". Tr\u00eas modos de opera\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o suportados: \"secure\", \"automatic\" e \"off\". No modo \"secure\", os hosts s\u00e3o determinados apenas com base em valores seguros previamente armazenados em cache (obtidos atrav\u00e9s de uma conex\u00e3o segura) e consultas via DoH, n\u00e3o sendo permitido retroceder para o DNS comum. No modo \"automatic\", se o DoH e o cache seguro n\u00e3o estiverem dispon\u00edveis, pode-se obter dados do cache inseguro e fazer consultas pelo DNS tradicional. No modo \"off\", primeiro \u00e9 verificado o cache geral, e se n\u00e3o houver dados, a consulta \u00e9 enviada pelo DNS do sistema. O modo \u00e9 definido atrav\u00e9s de kDnsOverHttpsMode, e o modelo de correspond\u00eancia dos servidores atrav\u00e9s de kDnsOverHttpsTemplates.<\/a><\/noindex> kDnsOverHttpsMode, e o template de correspond\u00eancia de servidores atrav\u00e9s de kDnsOverHttpsTemplates.<\/p>\n

O experimento para ativar o DoH ser\u00e1 realizado em todas as plataformas suportadas pelo Chrome, exceto Linux e iOS, devido \u00e0 complexidade de analisar as configura\u00e7\u00f5es do resolvedor e \u00e0s restri\u00e7\u00f5es de acesso \u00e0s configura\u00e7\u00f5es do DNS. Caso ocorram falhas no envio de solicita\u00e7\u00f5es ao servidor DoH ap\u00f3s a ativa\u00e7\u00e3o (por exemplo, devido a bloqueio, interrup\u00e7\u00e3o da conectividade de rede ou falha), o navegador retornar\u00e1 automaticamente \u00e0s configura\u00e7\u00f5es padr\u00e3o do DNS. <\/p>\n

O objetivo do experimento \u00e9 a verifica\u00e7\u00e3o final da implementa\u00e7\u00e3o do DoH e a an\u00e1lise do impacto do uso do DoH no desempenho. Vale ressaltar que, na verdade, o suporte ao DoH foi foi adicionada<\/a><\/noindex> adicionado ao c\u00f3digo base do Chrome ainda em fevereiro, mas para configurar e ativar o DoH era necess\u00e1rio<\/a><\/noindex> iniciar o Chrome com uma flag especial e um conjunto n\u00e3o \u00f3bvio de op\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/p>\n

Lembramos que o DoH pode ser \u00fatil para evitar vazamentos de informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre os nomes de host solicitados atrav\u00e9s dos servidores DNS dos provedores, combater ataques MITM e a substitui\u00e7\u00e3o do tr\u00e1fego DNS (por exemplo, ao conectar-se a redes Wi-Fi p\u00fablicas), enfrentar bloqueios no n\u00edvel DNS (o DoH n\u00e3o pode substituir uma VPN para contornar bloqueios implementados no n\u00edvel DPI) ou organizar a opera\u00e7\u00e3o quando n\u00e3o \u00e9 poss\u00edvel o acesso direto aos servidores DNS (por exemplo, ao usar um proxy). Em uma situa\u00e7\u00e3o normal, as solicita\u00e7\u00f5es DNS s\u00e3o enviadas diretamente aos servidores DNS especificados na configura\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema; no caso do DoH, a solicita\u00e7\u00e3o para determinar o endere\u00e7o IP do host \u00e9 encapsulada no tr\u00e1fego HTTPS e enviada a um servidor HTTP, onde o resolvedor processa as solicita\u00e7\u00f5es por meio da API Web. O padr\u00e3o existente do DNSSEC utiliza criptografia apenas para autenticar o cliente e o servidor, mas n\u00e3o protege o tr\u00e1fego de intercepta\u00e7\u00e3o nem garante a privacidade das solicita\u00e7\u00f5es. <\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430 Mozilla \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Google \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430 Chrome \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 «DNS \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445 HTTPS» (DoH, DNS over HTTPS). \u0412 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0435 Chrome 78, \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 22 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f, \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 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[…]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38121","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Os experimentos com a ativa\u00e7\u00e3o do DNS-over-HTTPS come\u00e7ar\u00e3o no Chrome 78 | ProHoster","description":"Seguindo a Mozilla, a empresa 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