{"id":38282,"date":"2019-10-31T22:22:45","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:22:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/debian-vozvrashhaetsya-k-voprosu-podderzhki-neskolkih-sistem-initsializatsii\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:22:45","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:22:45","slug":"debian-vozvrashhaetsya-k-voprosu-podderzhki-neskolkih-sistem-initsializatsii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/debian-vozvrashhaetsya-k-voprosu-podderzhki-neskolkih-sistem-initsializatsii","title":{"rendered":"Debian retorna \u00e0 quest\u00e3o do suporte a v\u00e1rios sistemas de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Sam Hartman, l\u00edder do projeto Debian, tentou<\/a><\/noindex> investiga as diverg\u00eancias relacionadas \u00e0 inclus\u00e3o do pacote elogind na distribui\u00e7\u00e3o. Em julho, a equipe respons\u00e1vel pela prepara\u00e7\u00e3o dos lan\u00e7amentos, bloqueou<\/a><\/noindex> incluiu o elogind na branch testing, uma vez que este pacote entra em conflito com a libsystemd. <\/p>\n

Lembramos que elogind<\/a><\/noindex> fornece interfaces necess\u00e1rias para que o GNOME funcione sem a instala\u00e7\u00e3o do systemd. O projeto foi criado como um desdobramento do systemd-logind, transferido para um pacote separado e livre de depend\u00eancias do systemd. O elogind tamb\u00e9m oferece sua pr\u00f3pria vers\u00e3o da biblioteca libelogind, que assume v\u00e1rias fun\u00e7\u00f5es oferecidas pela libsystemd e a substitui durante a instala\u00e7\u00e3o. <\/p>\n

Como raz\u00f5es para o bloqueio, foi mencionado o conflito com o pacote systemd e o risco de substituir a libsystemd por uma alternativa incompat\u00edvel, a libelogind, em n\u00edvel ABI.
\nO pacote elogind \u00e9 marcado como conflituoso com as bibliotecas do systemd, mas ele, por sua ess\u00eancia, foi concebido para funcionar apenas sem o systemd e o conflito com o systemd na verdade \u00e9 ben\u00e9fico, pois evita a instala\u00e7\u00e3o inadvertida do elogind. Por outro lado, na sua forma atual, tentativas de atualizar a configura\u00e7\u00e3o de systemd para uma alternativa com sysvinit e elogind atrav\u00e9s do APT resultam em um sistema corrompido<\/a><\/noindex> sem APT funcionando. Mas mesmo ap\u00f3s a corre\u00e7\u00e3o desse problema, a transi\u00e7\u00e3o do systemd para o elogind continua sendo imposs\u00edvel sem a remo\u00e7\u00e3o de ambientes de usu\u00e1rio j\u00e1 instalados.<\/p>\n

Os desenvolvedores do elogind foram proposto<\/a><\/noindex> desafiados a adaptar o elogind para funcionar sobre o libpam-systemd padr\u00e3o, sem usar sua pr\u00f3pria camada libpam-elogind. A transi\u00e7\u00e3o do elogind para o libpam-systemd \u00e9 dificultada pela falta de suporte \u00e0 no\u00e7\u00e3o de slices, mas os desenvolvedores do elogind n\u00e3o est\u00e3o dispostos a alcan\u00e7ar conformidade total com a API e replicar todas as funcionalidades do systemd, uma vez que o elogind oferece apenas funcionalidade m\u00ednima para a organiza\u00e7\u00e3o do login de usu\u00e1rios e n\u00e3o visa duplicar todos os subsistemas do systemd.<\/p>\n

A resolu\u00e7\u00e3o dos problemas t\u00e9cnicos descritos deve ser tratada ao n\u00edvel da intera\u00e7\u00e3o entre a equipe de lan\u00e7amento e os mantenedores do elogind e systemd, mas o l\u00edder do projeto teve que intervir, pois as equipes n\u00e3o conseguiram chegar a um acordo. O trabalho conjunto se transformou em um confronto e a solu\u00e7\u00e3o para o problema entrou em um impasse, onde cada parte tem sua raz\u00e3o. Na opini\u00e3o de Sam Hartman, a situa\u00e7\u00e3o est\u00e1 se aproximando de um estado que requer uma vota\u00e7\u00e3o geral (GR, general resolution), onde a comunidade decidir\u00e1 sobre sistemas alternativos de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o e o suporte ao sysvinit com elogind.<\/p>\n

Se os participantes do projeto votarem a favor da diversifica\u00e7\u00e3o dos sistemas de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o, todos os mantenedores se envolver\u00e3o no trabalho conjunto para resolver essa tarefa ou ser\u00e3o nomeados desenvolvedores respons\u00e1veis especiais para trabalhar nesse problema, e aqueles que acompanham n\u00e3o poder\u00e3o mais ignorar o sistema alternativo de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o, permanecer em sil\u00eancio ou atrasar o processo. <\/p>\n

Atualmente, j\u00e1 existem no reposit\u00f3rio v\u00e1rias dezenas de notifica\u00e7\u00f5es de erros acumuladas no issues do GitHub). A biblioteca CoreJS \u00e9 muito popular no reposit\u00f3rio NPM e tem 26 milh\u00f5es de downloads por semana. O n\u00famero de usu\u00e1rios ativos \u00e9 estimado em 4,5 milh\u00f5es, e o n\u00famero de depend\u00eancias vinculadas ao CoreJS ultrapassa<\/a><\/noindex> 1033 pacotes que fornecem unidades de servi\u00e7o para o systemd, mas n\u00e3o incluem scripts init.d. Para resolver esse problema \u00e9 oferecida<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio fornecer arquivos de servi\u00e7o por padr\u00e3o, mas preparar um manipulador que automaticamente analise os comandos desses arquivos e gere scripts init.d com base neles.<\/p>\n

Se a comunidade decidir que o Debian \u00e9 suficiente com o suporte a um sistema de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o, n\u00e3o ser\u00e1 mais necess\u00e1rio se preocupar com o sysvinit e o elogind, concentrando-se apenas nos arquivos unit e no systemd. Essa decis\u00e3o pode afetar negativamente as portas que n\u00e3o utilizam o kernel Linux (Debian GNU\/Hurd<\/a><\/noindex>, Debian GNU\/NetBSD<\/a><\/noindex> e Debian GNU\/kFreeBSD<\/a><\/noindex>), mas atualmente n\u00e3o h\u00e1 tais portas no reposit\u00f3rio principal e elas n\u00e3o t\u00eam status de oficialmente suportadas<\/a><\/noindex>. <\/p>\n

A depend\u00eancia do systemd tamb\u00e9m dificultar\u00e1 significativamente a mudan\u00e7a de dire\u00e7\u00e3o do desenvolvimento da distribui\u00e7\u00e3o no futuro e limitar\u00e1 a realiza\u00e7\u00e3o de novos experimentos em inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o e gerenciamento de servi\u00e7os. \u00c9 muito mais f\u00e1cil manter o elogind funcionando do que remov\u00ea-lo e depois tentar adicion\u00e1-lo novamente. Cada op\u00e7\u00e3o de solu\u00e7\u00e3o tem seus pr\u00f3s e contras, portanto, antes da vota\u00e7\u00e3o, ser\u00e1 necess\u00e1rio discutir amplamente todos os argumentos a favor e contra.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Fonte: opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0421\u044d\u043c \u0425\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043c\u0430\u043d (Sam Hartman), \u043b\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 Debian, \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 elogind \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430. \u0412 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430, \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 elogind \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 testing, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441 libsystemd. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e elogind \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b GNOME \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 systemd. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Debian retoma a quest\u00e3o do suporte a v\u00e1rios sistemas de inicializa\u00e7\u00e3o | ProHoster","description":"Sam Hartman, l\u00edder do projeto Debian, tentou esclarecer as diverg\u00eancias relacionadas 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