{"id":39022,"date":"2019-10-31T22:27:26","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kompaniya-cloudflare-realizovala-modul-dlya-podderzhki-http-3-v-nginx\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T22:27:26","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T19:27:26","slug":"kompaniya-cloudflare-realizovala-modul-dlya-podderzhki-http-3-v-nginx","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/kompaniya-cloudflare-realizovala-modul-dlya-podderzhki-http-3-v-nginx","title":{"rendered":"A Cloudflare lan\u00e7ou um m\u00f3dulo para suporte ao HTTP\/3 no NGINX","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A empresa Cloudflare <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.cloudflare.com\/experiment-with-http-3-using-nginx-and-quiche\/\">preparou<\/a><\/noindex>  <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/tree\/master\/extras\/nginx\">m\u00f3dulo<\/a><\/noindex> para garantir o suporte ao protocolo HTTP\/3 no NGINX. O m\u00f3dulo \u00e9 implementado como uma extens\u00e3o da biblioteca em desenvolvimento no Cloudflare. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=50061\">quiche<\/a><\/noindex> com a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o do protocolo de transporte QUIC e HTTP\/3. O c\u00f3digo quiche foi escrito na linguagem Rust, mas o pr\u00f3prio m\u00f3dulo para NGINX \u00e9 escrito em C e interage com a biblioteca atrav\u00e9s de vincula\u00e7\u00e3o din\u00e2mica. Os desenvolvimentos <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/tree\/master\/extras\/nginx\">aberto<\/a><\/noindex> sob a licen\u00e7a BSD.<\/p>\n<p>Para compilar, basta baixar <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/blob\/master\/extras\/nginx\/nginx-1.16.patch\">patch<\/a><\/noindex> para o nginx 1.16 e <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\">c\u00f3digo<\/a><\/noindex> Bibliotecas quiche, em seguida, recompilar o nginx com as op\u00e7\u00f5es \u2014with-http_v3_module \u2014with-quiche=..\\\/quiche. Durante a compila\u00e7\u00e3o, o suporte a TLS deve ser baseado na biblioteca BoringSSL (\u2014with-openssl=..\\\/quiche\\\/deps\\\/boringssl), o uso do OpenSSL ainda n\u00e3o \u00e9 suportado. Para aceitar conex\u00f5es, \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio adicionar a diretiva listen com a flag \"quic\" (por exemplo, \"listen 443 quic reuseport\").<\/p>\n<p>No software cliente, o suporte ao HTTP\/3 j\u00e1 foi adicionado em compila\u00e7\u00f5es experimentais do Chrome Canary e na ferramenta curl. No lado do servidor, ainda era necess\u00e1rio usar implementa\u00e7\u00f5es isoladas limitadas em suas capacidades <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/cloudflare\/quiche\/blob\/master\/examples\/http3-server.rs\">de teste.<\/a><\/noindex>A capacidade de processamento do HTTP\/3 no nginx possibilitar\u00e1 simplificar significativamente a implanta\u00e7\u00e3o de servidores com suporte ao HTTP\/3 e tornar\u00e1 mais acess\u00edvel a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de testes do novo protocolo. A apari\u00e7\u00e3o do suporte nativo ao HTTP\/3 no nginx <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/openforum\/vsluhforumID3\/118512.html#64\">\u00e9 esperado<\/a><\/noindex> est\u00e1 prevista na vers\u00e3o 1.17.x dentro de 6 a 12 meses.<\/p>\n<p>Vale lembrar que o HTTP\/3 padroniza o uso do protocolo QUIC como transporte para o HTTP\/2. O protocolo <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chromium.org\/quic\/\">QUIC<\/a><\/noindex> (Quick UDP Internet Connections) vem sendo desenvolvido pela Google desde 2013 como uma alternativa \u00e0 combina\u00e7\u00e3o TCP+TLS para a Web, abordando problemas de lat\u00eancia elevada na configura\u00e7\u00e3o e negocia\u00e7\u00e3o de conex\u00f5es TCP e eliminando atrasos em caso de perda de pacotes durante a transmiss\u00e3o de dados. O QUIC \u00e9 uma camada sobre o protocolo UDP, suportando multiplexa\u00e7\u00e3o de v\u00e1rias conex\u00f5es e fornecendo m\u00e9todos de criptografia equivalentes ao TLS\/SSL. <\/p>\n<p>Principais <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1lmL9EF6qKrk7gbazY8bIdvq3Pno2Xj_l_YShP40GLQE\/preview?sle=true#\">Caracter\u00edsticas<\/a><\/noindex> QUIC:\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Alta seguran\u00e7a, equivalente ao TLS (na pr\u00e1tica, o QUIC possibilita o uso do TLS sobre UDP);\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Controle da integridade do fluxo, prevenindo a perda de pacotes;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Capacidade de estabelecer uma conex\u00e3o instantaneamente (0-RTT, em cerca de 75% dos casos, os dados podem ser transmitidos imediatamente ap\u00f3s o envio do pacote de configura\u00e7\u00e3o da conex\u00e3o) e garantir lat\u00eancias m\u00ednimas entre o envio da solicita\u00e7\u00e3o e o recebimento da resposta (RTT, Round Trip Time);\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00e3o reutilizar o mesmo n\u00famero de sequ\u00eancia ao retransmitir um pacote, o que ajuda a evitar ambiguidades na identifica\u00e7\u00e3o dos pacotes recebidos e elimina timeouts;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> A perda de um pacote afeta apenas a entrega do fluxo relacionado e n\u00e3o interrompe a entrega de dados em fluxos paralelos transmitidos atrav\u00e9s da conex\u00e3o atual;\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Mecanismos de corre\u00e7\u00e3o de erros que minimizam atrasos devido \u00e0 retransmiss\u00e3o de pacotes perdidos. Uso de c\u00f3digos especiais de corre\u00e7\u00e3o de erros em n\u00edvel de pacote para reduzir situa\u00e7\u00f5es que exigem a retransmiss\u00e3o de dados de pacotes perdidos.\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Os limites dos blocos criptogr\u00e1ficos est\u00e3o alinhados com os limites dos pacotes QUIC, o que diminui o impacto da perda de pacotes na decodifica\u00e7\u00e3o do conte\u00fado dos pacotes subsequentes.\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Aus\u00eancia de problemas de bloqueio de fila TCP.\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Suporte a identificadores de conex\u00e3o, permitindo reduzir o tempo de estabelecimento de novas conex\u00f5es para clientes m\u00f3veis.\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Capacidade de conectar mecanismos avan\u00e7ados de controle de congestionamento.\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> Uso de t\u00e9cnicas de previs\u00e3o de largura de banda em cada dire\u00e7\u00e3o para garantir a intensidade ideal de envio de pacotes, evitando um estado de sobrecarga em que ocorre a perda de pacotes.\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">  Not\u00e1vel <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/web.cs.wpi.edu\/~claypool\/ms\/quic\/quic-thesis.pdf\">aumento<\/a><\/noindex> de desempenho e capacidade em compara\u00e7\u00e3o ao TCP. Para servi\u00e7os de v\u00eddeo, como o YouTube, a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o do QUIC demonstrou uma redu\u00e7\u00e3o de 30% nas opera\u00e7\u00f5es de buffering durante a reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o de v\u00eddeos.\n<\/li>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Fonte: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51695\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Cloudflare \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 HTTP\/3 \u0432 NGINX. \u041c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432 Cloudflare \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0439 quiche \u0441 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 QUIC \u0438 HTTP\/3. \u041a\u043e\u0434 quiche \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 Rust, \u043d\u043e \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f NGINX \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435 \u0421\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39022","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Cloudflare \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" 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