{"id":53000,"date":"2019-11-21T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-20T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/google-rabotaet-nad-ispolzovaniem-obychnogo-yadra-linux-v-android"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:00:50","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:00:50","slug":"google-rabotaet-nad-ispolzovaniem-obychnogo-yadra-linux-v-android","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/google-rabotaet-nad-ispolzovaniem-obychnogo-yadra-linux-v-android","title":{"rendered":"O Google est\u00e1 trabalhando para usar um n\u00facleo Linux comum no Android","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Na confer\u00eancia Linux Plumbers 2019, a Google <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/arstechnica.com\/gadgets\/2019\/11\/google-outlines-plans-for-mainline-linux-kernel-support-in-android\/\">informou<\/a><\/noindex>  sobre o desenvolvimento <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=49648\">iniciativas<\/a><\/noindex> da integra\u00e7\u00e3o no n\u00facleo principal do Linux das mudan\u00e7as desenvolvidas em <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/android.googlesource.com\/kernel\/common\/+refs\">vers\u00f5es do n\u00facleo<\/a><\/noindex> para a plataforma Android. O objetivo final \u00e9 possibilitar o uso de um \u00fanico n\u00facleo comum no Android, em vez de preparar compila\u00e7\u00f5es separadas para cada dispositivo com base na ramifica\u00e7\u00e3o espec\u00edfica do Android. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/source.android.com\/devices\/architecture\/kernel\/android-common\">Android Common Kernel<\/a><\/noindex>. Este objetivo j\u00e1 foi parcialmente alcan\u00e7ado, e na confer\u00eancia foi demonstrado um smartphone Android Xiaomi Poco F1 com firmware baseado no n\u00facleo Linux padr\u00e3o n\u00e3o modificado.<\/p>\n<p>Ap\u00f3s a conclus\u00e3o do projeto, os fornecedores ser\u00e3o convidados a fornecer o n\u00facleo b\u00e1sico com base no n\u00facleo principal do Linux. Os componentes para suporte de hardware ser\u00e3o fornecidos pelos fornecedores apenas na forma de m\u00f3dulos adicionais do n\u00facleo, sem aplicar patchs ao n\u00facleo. Nos m\u00f3dulos, a compatibilidade com o n\u00facleo principal deve ser garantida no n\u00edvel do namespace dos s\u00edmbolos do n\u00facleo. Todas as mudan\u00e7as que afetarem o n\u00facleo principal ser\u00e3o promovidas para upstream. Para manter a compatibilidade com m\u00f3dulos propriet\u00e1rios nas ramifica\u00e7\u00f5es LTS, prop\u00f5e-se manter uma API e ABI do n\u00facleo em um estado est\u00e1vel, o que permitir\u00e1 que os m\u00f3dulos permane\u00e7am compat\u00edveis com atualiza\u00e7\u00f5es para cada ramifica\u00e7\u00e3o geral do n\u00facleo.<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"O Google est\u00e1 trabalhando para usar um n\u00facleo Linux comum no Android\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/18f8a41befddc7d81c07b9c6d1bf44c2.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Em um ano, foram integrados ao n\u00facleo principal do Linux recursos da edi\u00e7\u00e3o do n\u00facleo para Android, como a subsistema PSI (Pressure Stall Information) para an\u00e1lise de informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre tempos de espera para obter v\u00e1rios recursos (CPU, mem\u00f3ria, entrada\/sa\u00edda), o sistema de arquivos pseudo BinderFS para o mecanismo de comunica\u00e7\u00e3o entre processos Binder e o planejador de tarefas EAS (Energy Aware Scheduling) que \u00e9 energeticamente eficiente. A longo prazo, o Android planeja migrar do planejador espec\u00edfico SchedTune para um novo subsistema UtilClamp desenvolvido pela ARM, baseado em cgroups2 e nos mecanismos padr\u00e3o do n\u00facleo.<\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"O Google est\u00e1 trabalhando para usar um n\u00facleo Linux comum no Android\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/2db4ca76f6a87b2ad28a7510a4deb79c.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Lembramos que at\u00e9 agora o n\u00facleo para a plataforma Android passou por v\u00e1rias etapas de prepara\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Baseando-se nos principais n\u00facleos LTS (3.18, 4.4, 4.9 e 4.14), foi criado um desvio chamado &#171;Android Common Kernel&#187;, no qual foram transferidos patches espec\u00edficos para Android (anteriormente, o tamanho das altera\u00e7\u00f5es chegava a v\u00e1rias milh\u00f5es de linhas, mas recentemente, as mudan\u00e7as foram reduzidas para algumas milhares de linhas de c\u00f3digo).\n<li class=\"l\"> Com base no &#171;Android Common Kernel&#187;, fabricantes de chipsets, como Qualcomm, desenvolveram o &#171;SoC Kernel&#187;, que inclui complementos para suporte de hardware.\n<li class=\"l\"> Baseando-se no &#171;SoC Kernel&#187;, fabricantes de dispositivos criaram o &#171;Device Kernel&#187;, que inclui altera\u00e7\u00f5es relacionadas ao suporte de hardware adicional, telas, c\u00e2meras, sistemas de som, e assim por diante.\n<\/ul>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"O Google est\u00e1 trabalhando para usar um n\u00facleo Linux comum no Android\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/3a7d495f71eaef927e79912ca62776d8.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Essencialmente, cada dispositivo tinha seu pr\u00f3prio n\u00facleo, que n\u00e3o podia ser usado em outros dispositivos. Esse esquema dificulta significativamente a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de atualiza\u00e7\u00f5es que corrigem vulnerabilidades e a transi\u00e7\u00e3o para novas vers\u00f5es do n\u00facleo. Por exemplo, o mais recente smartphone Pixel 4, lan\u00e7ado em outubro, vem com o n\u00facleo Linux 4.14, que foi liberado h\u00e1 dois anos. Parcialmente, o Google tentou simplificar a manuten\u00e7\u00e3o promovendo um sistema <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=48588\">Treble<\/a><\/noindex>, que permite aos fabricantes criar componentes de suporte a hardware que sejam universais, n\u00e3o vinculados a vers\u00f5es espec\u00edficas do Android ou a lan\u00e7amentos do n\u00facleo Linux. O Treble possibilita o uso de atualiza\u00e7\u00f5es j\u00e1 estabelecidas do Google como base, integrando componentes espec\u00edficos para cada dispositivo. <\/p>\n<p><center><br \/>\n<div class=\"youtube-placeholder\" data-id=\"f2C-gA8jEyY\" onclick=\"loadVideo(this)\">\r\n        <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/f2C-gA8jEyY\/hqdefault.jpg\" alt=\"Por que no hosting comum a administra\u00e7\u00e3o do PrestaShop \u00e9 lenta, e no seu n\u00e3o \u00e9?\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" style=\"width:100%;height:auto;\">\r\n        <div class=\"play-button\"><\/div>\r\n    <\/div><\/center><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Fonte: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=51905\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 Linux Plumbers 2019 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Google \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0443 \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u043e Linux \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b Android. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 Android \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430, \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f Android \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 Android Common Kernel. \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53000","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 Linux Plumbers 2019 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Google\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/google-rabotaet-nad-ispolzovaniem-obychnogo-yadra-linux-v-android\" \/>\n\t\t<meta 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