{"id":53384,"date":"2019-11-30T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-11-29T21:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/blog_prohoster\/uchenye-iz-mfti-sdelali-shag-k-poyavleniyu-novoj-fleshki"},"modified":"2020-02-18T14:01:17","modified_gmt":"2020-02-18T11:01:17","slug":"uchenye-iz-mfti-sdelali-shag-k-poyavleniyu-novoj-fleshki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/uchenye-iz-mfti-sdelali-shag-k-poyavleniyu-novoj-fleshki","title":{"rendered":"Cientistas do MIPT deram um passo em dire\u00e7\u00e3o ao surgimento de um novo \"pendrive\"","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

A cria\u00e7\u00e3o e o desenvolvimento de dispositivos para armazenamento de dados digitais sem energia t\u00eam sido realizados h\u00e1 v\u00e1rias d\u00e9cadas. Uma verdadeira revolu\u00e7\u00e3o aconteceu h\u00e1 cerca de 20 anos com a mem\u00f3ria do tipo NAND, embora seu desenvolvimento tenha come\u00e7ado cerca de 20 anos antes. Hoje, quase meio s\u00e9culo ap\u00f3s o in\u00edcio das pesquisas em larga escala, da produ\u00e7\u00e3o e dos esfor\u00e7os cont\u00ednuos para aprimorar a NAND, esse tipo de mem\u00f3ria est\u00e1 se aproximando do limite de suas capacidades de desenvolvimento. \u00c9 necess\u00e1rio estabelecer as bases para a transi\u00e7\u00e3o para um novo tipo de c\u00e9lula de mem\u00f3ria com melhores caracter\u00edsticas em termos de energia, velocidade e outros par\u00e2metros. A longo prazo, essa mem\u00f3ria pode ser uma nova mem\u00f3ria do tipo segnetoel\u00e9trica.<\/p>\n

\"Cientistas<\/p>\n

Os segnetoel\u00e9tricos (na literatura estrangeira usa-se o termo ferroelectric) s\u00e3o diel\u00e9tricos que possuem mem\u00f3ria do campo el\u00e9trico aplicado ou, em outras palavras, s\u00e3o caracterizados pela polariza\u00e7\u00e3o residual de cargas. A mem\u00f3ria baseada em segnetoel\u00e9tricos n\u00e3o \u00e9 nenhuma novidade. O desafio foi reduzir a escala das c\u00e9lulas segnetoel\u00e9tricas para o n\u00edvel nanom\u00e9trico.<\/p>\n

H\u00e1 tr\u00eas anos, cientistas do MIPT apresentaram<\/a><\/noindex> desenvolveram tecnologia para a fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de material em filme fino para mem\u00f3ria segnetoel\u00e9trica \u00e0 base de \u00f3xido de zirc\u00f4nio (HfO2). Este tamb\u00e9m n\u00e3o \u00e9 um material \u00fanico. Esse diel\u00e9trico foi utilizado por v\u00e1rias gera\u00e7\u00f5es para a fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de transistores com portas met\u00e1licas em processadores e outras l\u00f3gicas digitais. Com base nos filmes policristalinos de ligas de \u00f3xido de zirc\u00f4nio e zirc\u00f4nio propostos no MIPT, foi poss\u00edvel criar transi\u00e7\u00f5es com propriedades segnetoel\u00e9tricas.<\/p>\n

<\/center><\/p>\n

Para que os capacitores segnetoel\u00e9tricos (como passaram a ser chamados no MIPT) possam ser utilizados como c\u00e9lulas de mem\u00f3ria, \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio alcan\u00e7ar a polariza\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00e1xima poss\u00edvel, para o que \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio um estudo detalhado dos processos f\u00edsicos na camada nanom\u00e9trica. Em particular, \u00e9 importante entender a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o do potencial el\u00e9trico dentro da camada ao aplicar tens\u00e3o. At\u00e9 recentemente, os cientistas podiam contar apenas com ferramentas matem\u00e1ticas para descrever esse fen\u00f4meno, e somente agora foi implementado um m\u00e9todo que possibilitou literalmente olhar dentro do material durante o fen\u00f4meno.<\/p>\n

\"Cientistas<\/p>\n

A metodologia proposta, que se baseia na espectroscopia fotoel\u00e9trica de raios-X de alta energia, s\u00f3 p\u00f4de ser realizada em instala\u00e7\u00f5es especiais (aceleradores s\u00edncrotrons). Uma dessas instala\u00e7\u00f5es est\u00e1 localizada em Hamburgo (Alemanha). Todos os experimentos com os \"condensadores ferroelectricos\" produzidos no MIPT, baseados em \u00f3xido de h\u00e1fnio, foram realizados na Alemanha. O artigo sobre o trabalho realizado foi publicado em Nanoscale<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

\u201cOs capacitores piezoel\u00e9tricos desenvolvidos em nosso laborat\u00f3rio, se aplicados \u00e0 fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o industrial de c\u00e9lulas de mem\u00f3ria n\u00e3o vol\u00e1til, s\u00e3o capazes de garantir 10\u00b9\u2070 ciclos de regrava\u00e7\u00e3o \u2014 cem mil vezes mais do que as modernas unidades flash de computador\u201d, afirma  Andrey Zenkevich, um dos autores do estudo e chefe do laborat\u00f3rio de materiais funcionais e dispositivos para nanoeletr\u00f4nica do MIPT. Assim, um novo passo foi dado na dire\u00e7\u00e3o da nova mem\u00f3ria, embora muitos outros passos ainda precisem ser dados.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

<\/center><\/p>\n

\t\t\t\t


\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/center>
Fonte: 3dnews.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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