{"id":80245,"date":"2020-05-04T19:42:04","date_gmt":"2020-05-04T17:42:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vzlom-infrastruktury-lineageos-cherez-uyazvimost-v-saltstack"},"modified":"2020-05-04T19:42:04","modified_gmt":"2020-05-04T17:42:04","slug":"vzlom-infrastruktury-lineageos-cherez-uyazvimost-v-saltstack","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/pt\/blog\/news\/vzlom-infrastruktury-lineageos-cherez-uyazvimost-v-saltstack","title":{"rendered":"Explora\u00e7\u00e3o da infraestrutura do LineageOS atrav\u00e9s de uma vulnerabilidade no SaltStack","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Desenvolvedores da plataforma m\u00f3vel <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/lineageos.org\/\">LineageOS<\/a><\/noindex>, que sucedeu o CyanogenMod, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/LineageAndroid\/status\/1256821056100163584\">avisaram<\/a><\/noindex> sobre a identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de vest\u00edgios de invas\u00e3o da infraestrutura do projeto. Observa-se que, \u00e0s 6 horas da manh\u00e3 (MSK) do dia 3 de maio, o atacante conseguiu acessar o servidor principal do sistema de gerenciamento centralizado de configura\u00e7\u00f5es <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.saltstack.com\/\">SaltStack<\/a><\/noindex> por meio da explora\u00e7\u00e3o de uma vulnerabilidade n\u00e3o corrigida. No momento, est\u00e1 em andamento a an\u00e1lise do incidente e os detalhes ainda n\u00e3o est\u00e3o dispon\u00edveis. <\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/status.lineageos.org\/issues\/5eae596b4a0ebd114676545f\">Relata-se<\/a><\/noindex> Apenas, o ataque n\u00e3o afetou as chaves para a forma\u00e7\u00e3o de assinaturas digitais, o sistema de compila\u00e7\u00e3o e os c\u00f3digos-fonte da plataforma \u2014 chaves <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/zifnab06\/status\/1256870980523196417\">estavam hospedadas<\/a><\/noindex>  em hosts completamente separados da infraestrutura principal, gerenciada atrav\u00e9s do SaltStack, e as compila\u00e7\u00f5es foram interrompidas por raz\u00f5es t\u00e9cnicas em 30 de abril. Judging by the data on the page <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/status.lineageos.org\/\">status.lineageos.org<\/a><\/noindex> os desenvolvedores j\u00e1 restauraram o servidor com o sistema de revis\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo Gerrit, o site e a wiki. Permanecem desligados o servidor com as compila\u00e7\u00f5es (builds.lineageos.org), o portal para download de arquivos (download.lineageos.org), os servidores de e-mail e o sistema de coordena\u00e7\u00e3o para espelhos. <\/p>\n<p>O ataque foi poss\u00edvel porque a porta de rede (4506) para acesso ao SaltStack <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/zifnab06\/status\/1256870980523196417\">n\u00e3o foi<\/a><\/noindex> bloqueado para solicita\u00e7\u00f5es externas pelo firewall \u2014 o atacante s\u00f3 precisava esperar por uma vulnerabilidade cr\u00edtica no SaltStack e explor\u00e1-la antes que os administradores instalassem a atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o com a corre\u00e7\u00e3o. Todos os usu\u00e1rios do SaltStack s\u00e3o aconselhados a atualizar seus sistemas urgentemente e verificar a presen\u00e7a de rastros de invas\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p>Pelo que parece, os ataques atrav\u00e9s do SaltStack n\u00e3o se limitaram ao hack do LineageOS e se tornaram um fen\u00f4meno em massa \u2014 ao longo do dia, v\u00e1rios usu\u00e1rios que n\u00e3o conseguiram atualizar o SaltStack, <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/saltstack\/salt\/issues\/57057\">observam<\/a><\/noindex> identificaram a compromiss\u00e3o de suas infraestruturas, com o c\u00f3digo para minera\u00e7\u00e3o ou backdoors hospedados em seus servidores. Incluindo <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/status.ghost.org\/incidents\/tpn078sqk973\">noticiado<\/a><\/noindex> sobre uma invas\u00e3o semelhante \u00e0 infraestrutura do sistema de gerenciamento de conte\u00fado <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/TryGhost\/Ghost\">Ghost<\/a><\/noindex>, que afetou os sites Ghost(Pro) e de cobran\u00e7a (afirma-se que os n\u00fameros de cart\u00f5es de cr\u00e9dito n\u00e3o foram comprometidos, mas os hashes das senhas dos usu\u00e1rios do Ghost podem ter ca\u00eddo nas m\u00e3os dos atacantes).<\/p>\n<p>No dia 29 de abril, foram <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/saltstack\/salt\/releases\">lan\u00e7ados<\/a><\/noindex> atualiza\u00e7\u00f5es da plataforma SaltStack <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.saltstack.com\/en\/latest\/topics\/releases\/3000.2.html\">3000.2<\/a><\/noindex> e <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.saltstack.com\/en\/2019.2\/topics\/releases\/2019.2.4.html\">2019.2.4<\/a><\/noindex>, nas quais foram corrigidas <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/saltstack\/salt\/blob\/v3000.2_docs\/doc\/topics\/releases\/3000.2.rs\">duas vulnerabilidades<\/a><\/noindex> (as informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre as vulnerabilidades foram publicadas em 30 de abril), \u00e0s quais foi atribu\u00eddo o mais alto n\u00edvel de gravidade, pois permitem <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/labs.f-secure.com\/advisories\/saltstack-authorization-bypass\">sem passar pela autentica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><\/noindex> execu\u00e7\u00e3o remota de c\u00f3digo tanto no host de gerenciamento (salt-master) quanto em todos os servidores gerenciados por ele.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> A primeira vulnerabilidade (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-11651\">CVE-2020-11651<\/a><\/noindex>) \u00e9 causada pela aus\u00eancia de verifica\u00e7\u00f5es adequadas ao chamar m\u00e9todos da classe ClearFuncs durante o processo salt-master. A vulnerabilidade permite que um usu\u00e1rio remoto acesse certos m\u00e9todos sem autentica\u00e7\u00e3o. Inclusive, atrav\u00e9s dos m\u00e9todos problem\u00e1ticos, o atacante pode obter um token para acesso com permiss\u00f5es de root ao servidor master e executar quaisquer comandos nos hosts atendidos, onde o daemon <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.saltstack.com\/en\/latest\/ref\/cli\/salt-minion.html\">salt-minion<\/a><\/noindex>est\u00e1 em execu\u00e7\u00e3o. O patch que corrige essa vulnerabilidade foi <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/saltstack\/salt\/commit\/a67d76b15615983d467ed81371b38b4a17e4f3b7\">foi publicado<\/a><\/noindex> h\u00e1 20 dias, mas ap\u00f3s sua aplica\u00e7\u00e3o surgiram <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/saltstack\/salt\/issues\/57016\">regress\u00f5es<\/a><\/noindex> <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/saltstack\/salt\/issues\/57027\">mudan\u00e7as<\/a><\/noindex>, levando a falhas e interrup\u00e7\u00f5es na sincroniza\u00e7\u00e3o dos arquivos.\n<li class=\"l\"> A segunda vulnerabilidade (<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/security-tracker.debian.org\/tracker\/CVE-2020-11652\">CVE-2020-11652<\/a><\/noindex>) permite, por meio de manipula\u00e7\u00f5es com a classe ClearFuncs, acessar m\u00e9todos ao transmitir caminhos formatados de uma certa forma, que podem ser usados para obter acesso completo a diret\u00f3rios arbitr\u00e1rios no sistema de arquivos do servidor master com permiss\u00f5es de root, mas requer acesso autenticado (esse acesso pode ser obtido atrav\u00e9s da primeira vulnerabilidade e usado para comprometer completamente toda a infraestrutura).\n<\/ul>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"link\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>Fonte: <a \ncontent=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=52872\">opennet.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b LineageOS, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0443 CyanogenMod, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0437\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430. \u041e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 6 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0442\u0440\u0430 (MSK) 3 \u043c\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 SaltStack \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0438\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b. \u0421\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80245","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.3 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b LineageOS, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0443 CyanogenMod,\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" 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